June 23, 1892. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
486 
order of things, and keep the gardens under their charge in a satis¬ 
factory state, actually growing more and better produce with, in many 
cases, half the hands. It is done by good management, the avoidance 
of fancies, and proceeding on utilitarian lines—that is, those of the 
market gardener, who must work so as to derive most profit at the least 
expenditure of capital and labour. The great evil in your case and in 
most others is the “ helping man,” for such are often hindrances rather 
than helps, causing annoyance by having something else to do when 
wanted in the garden ; in fact, they generally contrive to spend as 
much of their time as possible out of it. They have no interest in the 
garden, and do not render the aid they very well might were they so 
disposed. All are not alike ; some “ odd men ” will do as much work 
in a garden as two or three ordinary labourers. Many, as you say, are 
coachman and gardener ; everything, in fact, about the place requiring 
“ man ” work. We consider that the kitchen garden and the houses 
are as much as any one man with an interest m his work and the 
confidence and encouraging words of his, or her, employer could do well. 
That would occupy him early and late. By all means concentrate the 
gardener on the garden work. This will show what he is made of, 
and instead of the garden being uncropped and the fruit trees not 
fruitful, or the houses flowerless, you will find a supply of flowers, fruit 
and vegetables forthcoming in season. Then give the cowman the lawn, 
the drive, and the beds of common flowers to attend to, under the gar¬ 
dener’s supervision, but let it be distinctly understood that you expect 
the cowman to do this part of the work, and that you take a lively 
interest in its being neatly and promptly done. Thus you may get both 
to take an interest in their work and to feel that one is not doing more 
than the other, and that both have the reward of their labour. The 
semi-independent men are very little use otherwise. We have practised 
the plan we point out and found it to answer admirably, but the 
other plan, the one you are now following, is probably the worst pos¬ 
sible, for there is more time spent in haggling about doing the work 
than would serve to do it twice over. If the lawn is large you might let 
some part of it go for hay. This we have done many times, and there is a 
great saving in labour and often profit. The thing is to keep the principal 
parts trim and let the other have a park-like woodland appearance. 
Such improves many short-handed places, indeed many places have far 
too much lawn and walks, and are devoid of the pleasant aspect given 
by fields and woodlands, which greatly improve old-fashioned domains. 
TTames of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm' boxes. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, 
dry wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at 
once, and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligature=, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(iZ. C'.).—4, Inula viscosa. (J. M. T.).—The plant is not, we think, 
Mandevilla suaveolens, and we are not sure what it is. There was a 
delay in the post, and the spray did not arrive in good condition though 
well packed. Can you send another specimen ? (./. C.'). —1, Adiantum 
Capillus-Veneris Mairisi; 2, Pteris umbrosa ; 3, Asplenium viviparum ; 
4, Cannot be identified without fructification, send it again when 
bearing spores. As to culture you cannot do better than continue your 
present treatment, as the specimens indicate excellently grown plants. 
COVENT GARDEN 
MARKET.—June 22nd. 
FRUIT. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Apples, Tasmanian, per 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 4 
0 to 9 
0 
case .. ,, ., •. 
6 
0 to 8 
0 
Peaches, per dozen .. .. 4 
0 
18 
0 
-Grapes, New, per lb. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each ,. 3 
0 
C 
0 
Lemons, case . 
IJ 
0 
15 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. 1 
0 
4 
0 
• 
VEGETABLES. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
"Beans, Kidney, per lb. 
0 
9 
to 1 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punnet 0 
2 
to 0 
0 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bunch.0 
3 
0 
5 
Garrots, bunch. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches .. 2 
0 
3 
0 
Gauliflowers, dozen .. ., 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Parsnips, dozen. 1 
0 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle . 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Potatoes, per cwt . 2 
0 
3 
0 
Goleworts, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy, bundle . 1 
0 
1 
6 
'Cucumbers, dozen .. .. 
2 
6 
4 
6 
Scorzonera, bundle .. .. 1 
6 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen . 
I 
3 
1 
6 
Seakale, per basket .. .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
s 
0 
0 
Shallots, per lb . 0 
3 
0 
0 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Spinach, bushel . 3 
0 
3 
6 
Lettuce, dozen . 
0 
0 
1 
6 
Tomatoes, per lb . 0 
6 
U 
9 
Mushrooms, punnet .. .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Turnips, bunch . 0 
0 
0 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Arbor Vitae (golden) dozen 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Lobelia, per dozen .. .. 3 
0 
to 6 
0 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Lycopodiums, per dozen .. 3 
0 
4 
0 
Azalea, per plant 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 6 
0 
12 
0 
Begonia, per dozen .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Mignonette, per dozen .. 4 
0 
8 
0 
Calceolarias, per dozen . . 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Musk, per dozen . 2 
0 
4 
0 
•Oupressus, large plants.each 
2 
0 
5 
0 
Myrtles, dozen . 6 
0 
9 
0 
Dracaena terminaiis. dozen 
24 
0 
42 
0 
Palms, iu var.. each .. .. 1 
0 
15 
0 
„ viridis, dozen .. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
„ (specimens) .. ..21 
0 
63 
0 
Erica various, per dozen .. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 2 
6 
5 
0 
Euonym us, var., dozen .. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
„ per dozen .. 8 
0 
15 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Rhodanthes, per dozen .. 6 
0 
8 
0 
Ferns, iu variety, dozen .. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Saxifraga pyramidalis .. 1 
6 
2 
0 
„ (small) per hundred 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Spiraea, per dozen .. .. 8 
0 
12 
0 
Ficus elastica, each .. .. 
1 
6 
5 
0 
Trailing plants (various). 
Foliage plants, var., each.. 
2 
0 
10 
0 
per dozen.3 
0 
9 
0 
Fuchsia, per dozen .. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Tropseolum or Nasturtiums 
■Genista, per dozen .. .. 
G 
0 
10 
0 
per dozen.4 
0 
6 
0 
■Geraniums, Ivy. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Beddins 
Plants in variety iu pots and iu boxes. 
AVERAGE 'WHOLESALE PRICES.—OUT FLOWERS. 
Orchid Blooms iu variety. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
2 
0 
to 4 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms 
0 
6 
2 
0 
Carnations, Malmaisou, 12 
blooms . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Carnations, dozen biinclies 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Cornflower, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Eschsoholtzia, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Eucharis, dozen. 
2 
6 
5 
0 
Fuchsias, per bunch .. 
0 
1 
0 
Gardenias, per dozen 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Liliuin longiflorum 12 
blooms . 
2 
6 
4 
0 
Lilium (various) dozen 
blooms . 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
bunches . 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Myosotis or Forget-me-not, 
dozen bunches. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Orchids, per dozen blooms 
2 
0 
8 
0 
s. 
d. 
3. 
d. 
PiEouies, dozen blooms .. 
0 
6 
to 1 
6 
Pansies, dozen bunches .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
6 
0 
9 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Pinks, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Polyanthus, dozen bunches 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Poppies (various), dozen 
bunches. 
1 
6 
6 
0 
Pi-imula (double) 12 sprays 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Ranunculus, dozen bunches 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Roses (indoor), dozen 
0 
9 
2 
0 
„ (outdoor), doz. bunch. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
„ Red, per doz. blooms.. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
„ Tea, white, dozen ,. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
„ Yellow, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Spirma, dozen bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Sweet Sultan, doz. bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms.. 
0 
4 
0 
9 
White Lilac (French) per 
bunch. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Wallflowers, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
POTATO DISEASE. 
An announcement of the discovery of a remedy for the Potato 
disease, and of its successful application in France and Belgium, 
rightly induced the Board of Agriculture to take action in the 
matter, and to initiate experiments, which were carried out last 
year through the agency of the Royal Agricultural Society. The 
test was a severe one, the cold wet summer being altogether 
favourable to the spread of this disease, which in ordinary seasons 
usually makes its appearance during the showery weather which 
so often occurs in July. The experiments were carried out in 
Devon, Chester, Lincoln, Kent, Bedford, and Carmarthen, so 
that the trial was sufficiently comprehensive as regards locality 
to show enough of what is possible in our climate as a basis 
for future action. This is a point of especial importance to bear 
in mind in connection with the matter. Results must not be 
taken as being at all conclusive ; the experiments were merely 
tentative, as all experiments must be—a sort of feeling the way 
to ascertain the possibility of such an application of theory to 
practice as would eventually result in the acquisition of knowledge 
so clear, and results so satisfactory, as would serve for general 
guidance. 
Gladly do we record a degree of success last year which fully 
justifies other and more extensive trials now. The mixture used 
consisted of 20 lbs. of sulphate of copper (blue vitriol), and 10 lbs. 
of quicklime to 100 gallons of water. The sulphate of copper was 
suspended in a bag in cold water and so dissolved, the lime being 
dissolved in other water, and then poured through a fine sieve into 
the other solution, the sieve being used to keep out stones or any 
undissolved matter. The mixture was kept stirred while the lime 
was added. The mixture was applied to one set of plots as a 
preventive early in J uly before any trace of disease was visible, 
and again before the end of the month while the foliage was still 
quite healthy. In Kent and Bedford it was used a third time 
after the disease appeared. On another set of plots a single 
dressing of 100 gallons per acre was applied after the disease was 
noticed. With the exception of Cheshire, where shrivelled foliage 
followed the application of the mixture, the result was a gain at 
every station. There was no appreciable check to the disease in 
Cheshire, and the experiments were practically a failure in that 
county. In Lincolnshire the preventive treatment caused a reduc¬ 
tion in the quantity of diseased tubers from 1, 2, to 0 6 per cent. 
In Kent the reduction was from 6 5 per cent, to 1'6 per cent, under 
the preventive treatment, .and to 1’7 per cent, under the curative 
plan. In Bedford the result was even more remarkable, being 
under prevention a reduction of diseased tubers from 12 to 0’5 per 
