June 30, 1892. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
501 
Grapes not Colouring'—Shanking (^Outsider'). — We gave 
you advice on the 7th inst., and you tell us on the 27th that you 
will carry it out. We should have applied the superphosphate of 
lime and gypsum as soon as possible. Certainly we did not mean, 
nor did we say, “ first fork in the slaked lime on the contrary, we 
said, apply it “ in the autumn.” You did not tell us you had used 
lime, therefore, after considering your treatment, we advised a strong 
dressing, such as we have known under similar conditions to have 
had an excellent effect. You can modify the quantity in accordance 
with that previously given, and if the roots are so matted as you 
indicate, mix it with a quantity of wood ashes in fresh loam. Tuis 
mixture will do good. Then follow in the spring with the ch.emicals 
we advised as an addition to your own treatment. The Vines are 
overcropped, or, in other words, they might gather the essentials for 
perfecting a less, but not the present number of berries. The bunch 
you have sent is unusually full. We should have taken several out 
of the interior, and those remaining would have been better, while 
the bunch would not present a less close and solid appearance. We 
advised clay marl if the soil is light because of the trace of iron it 
contains. This is essential for the production of chlorophyll, which 
is the active agent in colouring foliage, flowers, and fruit. Potash, 
also, acts beneficially on the chlorophyll. You ought not to fail with 
such Vines in producing first-class fruit. 
Weedy I.awn and Walks (^W., Reading ').—Either the soil was 
not free from weeds, or roots with latent buds of perennial plants or 
seeds have been introduced in some way or other. Possibly also the soil 
may be poor, and fine grasses dwindle away. We have seen lawn sand 
when properly applied according to instructions very materially 
stimulate the growth of grass and subdue broad-leaved weeds on which 
it rests. We have also known it do injury, through having been used in 
excess, while in some cases it appears to have had small effect, probably 
because the weather was not favourable to its operation. The sand 
should rest on the leaves of weeds it is intended to destroy. It does 
not rest on the blades of grass to the same extent, and if used in the 
right quantity, though it may impart a brown tinge for a time, we have 
seen this followed by a free growth of bright green grass. We know 
nothing of the relative differences or values of lawn sand in the market, 
and suspect that the differences in effect are mainly due to methods of 
use or weather influences. We have no records of birds or animals 
sustaining injury through the use of lawn sand in gardens. In reference 
to weed killers to which you also refer, our reply is substantially the 
same on all points. We have tried three kinds, and they all answered 
the purpose in view. It is open to anyone who is in doubt as to which 
is the “ best ” for his walks to try similar small experiments, and thus 
decide the matter in the best possible way. The cost is trifling. 
iknthracnose (D. I !.).—This is a disease of a fungoid nature, 
Spaceloma ampilinum, D. By. Anthracnose attacks the leaves, growing 
shoots, and young berries of the Grape Vine. The leaves, when first 
affected, show minute blackish-brown spots, surrounded with a slightly 
raised darker coloured margin. These spots ultimately turn grey in the 
centres, and the diseased parts crack across or separate from the sur¬ 
rounding healthy portions, leaving the leaves full of ragged small holes. 
The disease manifests itself in much the same way on the shoots. As it 
grovs’s, however, the spots become darker in the centre, run together, and 
form elongated diseased areas. The parasitic fungus eats gradually into 
the wood, and thus scars are made, the mycelium of the fungus passing 
the winter in the living tissues surrounding these places. Anthracnose 
on the fruit, or bird’s-eye rot, as it is commonly called in (about 
6t. Louis) U.S.A., first appears as a blackish or brown circular spot 
surrounded by a narrow dark ring. These spots are frequently less than 
one-eighth of an inch in diameter, and undergo various changes of 
colour. The outer rim in some cases remains dark brown, and inside 
this is a broader zone of a beautiful vermilion with a silver greyish 
centre. This is most pronounced in the spots over an eighth of an inch 
across, for the smaller spots assume the greyish white colour only, and 
retain it throughout their growth. When the berries are small the 
disease causes them to turn brown, shrivel, and become beautiful (to a 
fungologist, not pomologist), by the little pinkish pustules which appear 
on the surface. On larger fruit, say stoned, the berries affected develop 
unevenly, the attacked side being flattened, similar to Muscat of Alex¬ 
andria Grapes when scorched or scalded on the upper side. Anthracnose, 
though called a rot, is not characterised by a softening of the tissues of 
the leaves, shoots, or fruit, but they are destroyed, slowly collapse, and 
at th 3 same time become hard and wrinkled. It is the woist of all 
Grape diseases, and the most difficult to cure, because of its resting 
within the h^st, but it cannot resist early treatment with Bordeaux 
mixture. 
N'ames of Fruits. — Notice .—Special attention is directed to the 
following decision, the object of which is to discourage the growth of 
inferior and promote the culture of superior varieties. In conseqitenoe 
of the large number of worthless Apples and Pears sent to this office to 
'be named, it has been decided to name only specimens and variet'ics of 
approred merit, and to reject the inferior, which are not worth scnd'mg 
or growing. The names and addresses of senders of fruit to be named 
must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether letters 
referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are not 
necessarily required for publication, initials sulficing for that. Only six 
specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved. (P. P., Shepton Mallet).— The Apple more closely 
resembles a Dorsetshire variety known as Iron Pin than any other 
in our list. We can place our hands on firmer and better Apples. 
As you like the variety, by all means grow it, but we should not 
recommend it for general cultivation. (6*. M .).—It is impossible to 
name Strawberries with certainty from a few fruits and leaves, and we 
can only say that yours resemble President. 
laames of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, 
dry wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at 
once, and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(/S'. P.).—Dipladenia boliviensis. (.7. P.).—Echium vulgare, the Viper’s 
Bugloss. ____ 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— June 29th. 
BUSIXESS brisk, but market heavily supplied with outdoor goods, and prices lo'wer. 
FRUIT. 
s. d. s. d. 
Apples, Tasmanian, per 
case . .. 2 6 to 5 0 
Urapes, per lb.10 3 0 
Lemons, case .19 0 15 0 
s. d. s. d. 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 4 0 to 9 0 
Peaches, per dozen .. ..40 120 
St. Michael Pines, each .. 3 0 6 0 
I Strawberries, per lb. 0 3 0 9 
VEGETABLES. 
S. d. s. d. 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 0 9 to 1 0 
Beet, Red, dozen.1 0 
Carrots, bunch.0 4 
Cauliflowers, dozen .. .. 2 0 
Celery, bundle .1 0 
Coleworts, dozen bunches 2 0 
Cucumbers, dozen .. .. 2 6 
Endive, dozen .1 3 
Herbs, bunch .. .. .. 0 3 
Leeks, bunch .0 2 
Lettuce, dozen.0 0 
Mushrooms, punnet .. .. 1 6 
AVERAGE WHOLESALE PRICES.—OUT FLOWERS. 
0 0 
0 0 
3 0 
1 3 
4 0 
4 6 
1 6 
0 0 
0 0 
1 6 
2 0 
s. d. s. d. 
Mustard and Cress, punnet 0 2 to 0 0 
Onions, bunch 
Parsley, dozen bunch 
Parsnips, dozen .. 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
Salsafy, bundle .. 
Scorzonera, bmidle 
Seakale, per basket 
Shallots, per lb. .. 
Spinach, bushel .. 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
Turnips, bunch .. 
3 
0 
0 
0 
0 
6 
0 
0 0 
0 3 
3 0 
0 6 
0 6 
5 
0 
0 0 
5 0 
1 6 
0 
0 0 
0 0 
3 6 
0 9 
0 3 
0 
Orchid Blooms in variety. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
Bouvardias, bunch .. 
Carnations, 12 blooms 
Carnations, Malmaison, 12 
blooms . 
Carnations, dozen bunches 
Cornflower, dozen bunches 
Eschscholtzia, doz. bunches 
Eucharis, dozen. 
Fuchsias, per bunch .. 
Gardenias, per dozen 
Lilium longiflorum 12 
blooms . 
Lilium (various) dozen 
blooms . 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
bunches . 
Marguerites, 12 bunches .. 
Myosotis or Forget-me-not, 
dozen bunches. 
Arbor Vitae (golden) dozen 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 
Azalea, per plant .. .. 
Begonia, per dozen .. 
Calceolarias, per dozen .. 
Cupressus, large plants,each 
Draemua terminalis, dozen 
„ viridis, dozen .. 
Erica various, per dozen ,. 
Euonymus. var., dozen .. 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
Ferns, in variety, dozen .. 
„ (sni ill; per hundred 
Ficus elaslica, each .. 
Foliage plant? var., each.. 
Fuchsia, per dozen .. .. 
Genista, per dozen .. ,. 
Geraniums, Ivy. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
2 
0 to 
4 
0 
0 
6 
1 
0 
0 
6 
2 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
2 
6 
5 
0 
0 
6 
1 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
2 
6 
4 
0 
1 
0 
3 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
PLANTS 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
6 
0 
9 
0 
2 
0 
3 
0 
6 
0 
12 
0 
4 
0 
8 
0 
2 
0 
5 
0 
24 
0 
42 
0 
12 
0 
24 
0 
12 
0 
24 
0 
6 
0 
18 
0 
6 
0 
21 
0 
4 
0 
18 
0 
8 
0 
12 
0 
1 
6 
5 
0 
2 
0 
10 
0 
4 
0 
9 
0 
6 
0 
10 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
s. 
Mignonette, 12 bunches .. 2 
Orchids, per dozen blooms 2 
Pisonies, dozen blooms .. 1 
Pansies, dozen bunches .. 1 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 4 
„ scarlet, 12 bunches 4 
Pinks, dozen bunches .. 2 
Polyanthus, dozen bunches 1 
Poppies (various), dozen 
bunches.1 
Primula (double) 12 sprays 0 
Ranunculus, dozen bunches 3 
Roses (indoor), dozen .. 0 
„ (outdoor), doz. bunch. 4 
„ Red, per doz. blooms.. 1 
„ Tea, white, dozen .. 1 
„ Yellow, dozen .. ,. 2 
Spiraea, dozen bunches .. 4 
Sweet Sultan, doz. bunches 3 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms.. .. 0 
IN POTS. 
s. 
Lobelia, per dozen .. .. 3 
Lycopodiums, per dozen .. 3 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 6 
Mignonette, per dozen ,. 4 
Musk, per dozen.2 
Myrtles, dozen. 6 
Palms, in var., each .. .. 1 
„ (specimens) .. ..21 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 2 
„ per dozen .. 8 
Rhodauthes, per dozen .. 6 
Saxifraga pyramidalis .. 1 
Spirtea, per dozen .. .. 8 
Trailing plants (various), 
per dozen.^ • • 3 
Tropceolum or Nasturtiums 
per dozen.4 
Bedding Plants in variety in pots and in boxes. 
d. s. d. 
0 ta 4 0 
0 8 0 
0 2 0 
0 2 0 
0 9 0 
0 6 0 
0 4 0 
0 2 0 
6 6 0 
6 6 9 
0 6 0 
9 2 0 
0 9 0 
0 2 0 
0 3 0 
0 4 0 
0 6 0 
0 6 0 
4 0 9 
d. s. d. 
0 to 6 0 
0 4 0 
0 12 0 
0 8 0 
0 4 0 
0 9 0 
0 15 0 
0 63 0 
6 5 0 
0 15 0 
0 8 0 
6 2 0 
0 12 0 
0 9 0 
0 6 0 
A FARM SURVEY. 
Very interesting, and withal instructive, is the work of farm 
inspection with, a view of purchasing, or rather of advising the 
would-be purchaser. Many a time and oft has it fallen to our lot 
to do this, and many a farm have we had to buy subject^ to 
decisions based upon the report of our survey. The present time 
