20 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ January 1, 1S91. 
any movement in the bees to indicate they felt or heeded the 
change. In this case had it been by mark they distinguished their 
site why did they not fly towards the next clump of trees almost 
similar to the one felled ? The plan of sticking a branch of a tree 
in the ground near a hive for a nna’"k to the bees would have not 
been heeded by those mentioned above, nor do I believe any bees 
would. 
Some writers affirm that bees always fly to their gathering 
ground against the wind, so that on the homeward journey the 
wind helps them home more easily with their load ; besides that, 
bees can only detect the presence of honey in the flower when 
the wind blows towards their hives, theoretically meaning that the 
bees will never seek honey in the opposite direction from that 
which the wind blows ! A great mistake. I could give many 
instances disproving that theory, but will content myself in giving 
-one instance which occurred this year. 
The day on which we took our bees to the Heather a strong east 
wind v/as blowing. Immediately the bees were let loose many of 
them flew direct west ahead of the wind, and in a few minutes 
they were observed at a distance of two miles in thousands working 
•upon the Wild Thyme, and had to return home against the strong 
•east wind. 
Now, if the odour of anything can only be detected by the 
•sense of smell with the wind, how was it that the bees went in 
the opposite direction ? There are many things connected with 
bees and bee-keeping difflcult of explanation, but if it is true that 
no odour is carried against the wind, then it cannot be said that it 
is the sense of smell that attracts the bees to the honey-yielding 
flower so far from the bees ahead of the wind. Odours reach the 
nostrils of man when the wind carries it towards him, but the bee 
appears to have greatly developed senses man knows nothing about- 
Just as the compass points to the north, so as unerringly do bees fly 
to the honey-yielding flowers, whether the wind is with or against 
them, no matter what the direction may be. 
Nor is this all. The rapidity with which bees raise the heat, 
and to such a degree, without an additional consumption of food, 
is something astonishing, and points directly to that of electricity 
being the direct cause, and what else is it that directs the bees to 
their duties immediately one or more quit them ? Will someone 
answer these queries to the satisfaction of more than—A LaXzVRK- 
siiiRE Bee-keerer. 
All correspondence should be directed either to “ The 
Editor” or to “The Publisher.” Letters addressed to 
Dr. Hogg or members of the staff often remain unopened 
unavoidably. We request that no one will write privately 
to any of our correspondents, as doing so subjects them to 
unjustifiable trouble and expense. 
CJorrespondents should not mix up on the same sheet questions 
relating to Gardening and those on Bee subjects, and should 
never send more than two or three questions at once. All 
articles intended for insertion should be written on one side of 
the paper only. We cannot reply to questions through the 
post, and we do not undertake to return rejected communica¬ 
tions. 
Gardeners’ “Providential” Society. — (J! JiusseW ).—Perhaps 
the oJdress you require is Mr. W. Collins, 9, Martindale Road, Balham, 
London, S.W. 
Chrysanthemum Sloom.— We have received from the postal 
authorities a crushed and withered Chrysanthemum bloom which must 
have escaped from some parcel. The bloom appears to resemble Boule 
d’Or, but we have no letter pertaining to it, nor anything to indicate 
thj district from which it was sent. 
IVTisslng' Parcel QWaUrfield ').—We have received a direction label 
that has become detached from some parcel in the post office which has 
not reached us, and will probably never be delivered. This is only one 
of several instances of the same kind that have occurred from time to 
time, but the post mark is not clear on some of the labels, and therefore 
we cannot usefully make any reference to them. 
Gardening" Appointment (77. 77.).—Through your mistake in 
the first instance and subsequent delay in writing, the notification can 
no longer be regarded as “ news ” suitable for publication. 
Iiillums for Exhibition (A/t Old Suhscriher'). —The most useful 
for your purpose would be the varieties of Lilium speciosum (lanci- 
folium), of which several distinct forms are now included in nursery¬ 
men’s collections. The varieties album, rubrum, and punctatum are 
well marked. L. auratum could be grown for the same purpose, the 
varieties virginale, platyphyllum, and rubro-vittatum being very hand¬ 
some both as regards size and form of the flowers. 
Planting- Passiflora (J7?/?«).—A good time for planting a Passi- 
flora is when spring growth commences. If your Vine border is outside 
and you wish to train the plant outside too, as your letter suggests but 
does not explain, only a hardy species or variety will be suitable, and it 
will probably require the protection of a mat during winter in your 
district. If the plant is to brought inside similar to Vines the outside 
stem must be well protected with haybands or something equally suit¬ 
able for preserving it from frost. 
Border Carnations and Picotees — Strong plants 
obtained in pots and planted as soon as the weather is favourable, 
towards the end of March or early in April, produce the finest of flowers 
the first season, and then in such abundance as to need thinning, or the 
buds do when swelling. The best growers of Carnations raise young 
plants annually, and seldom rely on them for flowering a second season ; 
but, as above stated, they are stout and sturdy to begin with ; small and 
so-called cheap plants, with one spindly stem and no side growths, 
being of little use. The “ best ” varieties is a question of taste, many 
persons prefering seif colours in border Carnations to the variegated 
forms. Good seifs are W. P. Milner, white ; Rose Celestial, rose ; 
Celia, pink; Belle Halliday, t yellow; Purple Emperor, and Scarlet 
Gem. Variegated—Robert Lord, Rifleman, Matador, James Douglas, 
John Keet, and Sarah Payne. Picotees—J. B. Bryant, Mrs. Payne, Mrs. 
Chancellor, Mrs. Gorton, Eavourite, and Clara Penson. While those are 
good you had better leave some latitude to the nurseryman, stipulating 
for strong plants, as there are plenty of other good varieties which he may 
be able to substitute in the form of better plants than some of those you 
may order. 
Eucalyptus globulus (71 J.). —We have seen many trees from 
1.5 feet to 20 feet high in Surrey after a series of mild winters, but they 
have all succumbed to the first severe and prolonged frost, such as wa 
are now experiencing. “ Whether there are any trees now growing in 
any part of England without protection” is an open question for t’nose 
of our readers to answer who may be in a position to do so. We can say 
generally that the tree in question is not hardy in this country. In 
Vol. xxxvii.. New Series, Journal oj Horticulture, page 151, the issue of 
August 21st, 1890, a flowering spray is figured from a tree in Guernsey, 
but we do not know whether the tree is still alive or not. We have 
also figured a flowering spray of Eucalyptus coccifera from the pleasure 
grounds of Powderham Castle. 
Young Vines (77. PI). —The samples of canes and laterals are very 
good, showing that there has been no mistake in your management. 
We do not see how we can make any reference to those not pruned, as 
they are not numbered, nor does there appear any necessity, as the 
pruned cane is fairly representative of the whole. It is pruned cor¬ 
rectly, and you may expect that all similar buds on equally good wood 
will produce fruit-bearing laterals in the spring, always provided the 
buds break uniformly, and there is no reason why they should not do 
so with the good attention we apprehend you are well capable of giving. 
Vines growing in a good border will support two rods as well as one so 
long as there is ample space for the development of the foliage. You 
must guard against overcrowding the laterals by disbudding to the 
extent desired. We think you may safely allow each cane to carry two 
bunches, not necessarily retaining the largest, but giving preference to 
those on the strongest laterals. Bunches weighing from 1 lb. tol^ lb. 
each would be more satisfactory than those of twice that weight, 
both in the quality of the fruit and the interest of the Vines. 
Fruit for iviarket (South, Pevon ).—If the soil and district are 
well adapted for fruit culture, and the trees are well managed, also 
the fruit well marketed, the amount you name ought to be realised in 
seven years after planting. It has been considerably exceeded this 
year in more than one instance well known to us six years after plant¬ 
ing, but the variety you name, good as it is, was not the most profitable. 
We do not think many persons would roly on one variety of Apple in 
planting three hundred trees. Some of the early .4pples are quite as 
profitable as the late, sending them direct from the trees to the market, 
because, as a rule, the former afford good crops of fruit sooner than 
do the midwinter and spring sorts. Nor is it wise to rely on one 
variety of Gooseberry, and good as the one you name may be, it is 
not found the most profitable by one of the largest growers of this 
fruit; but as his best (Crown Bob) might not be the best with you, 
and we know is not the most profitable in some districts, we do not 
