February IS, 1801. "] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
157 
seeds, which may be sown early in April, with an early prospect of rain, 
and on a fine or calm day. The proper kinds to sow are Festuca 
duriuscula, 4 lbs. ; Festuca ovina tenuifolia, 2 lbs. ; Cynosurus cristatus, 
8 lbs. ; Poa nemoralis sempervirens, 2 lbs. ; and Poa trivialis, 1 lb., a 
renovating mixture of the choicest Grasses for one acre. If the lawn is 
not used for tennis then add G lbs. Trifolium repens, and 2 lbs. Trifolium 
minus. This is a capital addition, the whole for a very bare lawn not 
being too much ; but if there is a good growth of Grass already the 
quantities may be reduced one-half, and if used for tennis the Trifoliums 
must be very sparingly used, as they keep long damp towards the end 
of the season. Rake lightly over after sowing, roll it firmly, and spare 
the lawn as much as practicable early in the season, so as to give the 
Grasses a chance of becoming established. Rake oil as much of the 
lichen as possible before commencing the operations described. 
Manure for Musbroom Beds (id OilV). —The following appears 
in a later edition of the work you name, and seems to meet your case 
exactly :—It has been suggested that the injunction as to “ every lock of 
straw and flake of manure which adheres together being separated ” has 
in some instances led to the material being “ knocked abont ” too much. 
All that can be said on this subject is this : It is not necessary to smash 
the manure into small particles, but there must be no unpurified lumps. 
Avoid these, and the less the droppings among the straw are broken the 
better. Doubts are sometimes entertained as to whether manure from 
cow stables may be mixed with that from horse stables. Let the in¬ 
corporation of the manure with the straw be as complete as possible, 
and such a mixture is excellent. Very productive beds have been 
produced with manure from cow stables alone, short litter or partially 
decayed straw largely predominating, but due care was exercised in its 
preparation. When manure is not sufficiently purified, or insufficiently 
cased with soil, the escaping gases often turn the gills of Mushrooms 
silvery white. Jn that condition they are not marketable, and though 
safe to use they are only fit for ketchup. 
Gardeners as Servants (IF.).—It has been decided that a head 
gardener at £100 a year wages who resided in a detached house 
belonging to his master is a menial servant, and as such only entitled 
to a month’s wages (when his services are not continued) on the death 
of his master, vide Nowlau v. Ablett, 2, C. M. and R., 54. A gardener 
is a servant also for purposes of taxation. The “ Customs and Inland 
Revenue Act, 1869” (32 and 33 Vic., cap. 14) provides that a sum of 
15s. for every male servant shall be paid annually upon licenses to be 
taken out under the provisions of the Act by the pei’son who employs 
the servant. The Act defines a male servant—“Any male servant 
employed either wholly or partially in any of the following capacities— 
that is to say {inter alia), gardener, under gardener, or in any capacity 
involving the duties of any of the abDve descriptions of servants by 
whatever style the person acting in such capacity may be called.” A 
solicitor of standing will soon tell you whether you have a good claim 
or not, and not overcharge you for his advice. There are generally 
peculiarities in each case, but broadly stated a gentleman’s gardener is 
a menial servant, but whether that constitutes him a “domestic” or 
not we are not in a position to affirm. We are obliged by your letter 
on another subject. The story has been published, but perhaps worth 
publishing again, but under any circumstances it cannot appear this week. 
Warts on Vine Xieaves {Scottie). —Your expert countryman, 
Mr. William Thomson, Clovenfords, writes on the subject as follows 
in his excellent Treatise on the Vine, which is published by Messrs. 
Blackwood :—“ This is a sort of conglomerate of little green warts that 
form on the lower surface of the leaf, as if the result of an extrava¬ 
sation of sap through its epidermis or skin. Some writers say this is not 
a disease. If it is not such, strictly speaking, it is at least organised 
matter in the wrong place; and I am confident it seriously impedes 
the important functions of perspiration, digestion, and respiration ; so 
that if not in itself a disease, it leads to functional derangement, which 
is nearly the same thing. As has been remarked while treating of the 
effects of sulphur, these green warts are more easily affected by the 
particles thereof floating in the atmosphere of the vinery than any 
other portion of the Vine, except the embryo berries. I can undertake 
to produce or prevent this disease—shall I call it /—at any time betwixt 
the first expansion of the foliage and the stoning of the fruit. A close, 
warm atmosphere, saturated with moisture, will produce it ; whereas a 
free circulation of air, moderately charged with moisture, will prevent 
its appearance. I have seen instances where the leaves were so 
affected by it that they all cupped themselves up round the edges, 
the fruit did not swell to much more than half its natural size, and the 
general progress of the Vine was retarded.” 
Barbarossa and Alnwick Seedling- Grapes {Disputant ).— 
Vou appear to be right in one case and wrong in the other. The 
bunches of the true Barbarossa Grape (which you have probably never 
seen) are medium sized, shouldered. Berries, slightly oval, or obround. 
Skin, thin and delicate, of a grizzly colour, or pale red, covered with a 
thin grey bloom. Flesh, delicate, juicy, sweet, and with somewhat of a 
Royal Muscadine flavour, but very much richer. The Grape which has 
been grown in this country for some years under the name of Barba¬ 
rossa is a totally different variety. Its correct name is Gros Guillaume, 
and it is black, while the Barbarossa is, as its name implies, a rose- 
coloured or grizzly Grape. Alnwick Seedling was raised about the year 
1857 in the garden of Alnwick Castle, the seat of the Duke of Northum¬ 
berland, by William Caseley, who was then employed in the forcing 
houses there. The female parent was Black Morocco, fertilised with 
Syrian for the purpose of making it set its fruit better, as it is one of 
those varieties inclined naturally to sterility. By the time the Grapes 
were ripe some of the berries were observed to be of unusual size. From 
these Mr. Caseley saved seeds, which were sown by him, and produced 
several plants, the fruit of some being black and others white. Only 
two were found to be worth cultivating, and one of these is that which 
is known as Alnwick Seedling. It is called Clive House Seedling from 
having been first brought into notice by Mr. D. P. Bell, of Clive House, 
Alnwick, who exhibited it before the Fruit Committee of the Royal 
Horticultural Society, Dec. 6th, 1876, when it was awarded a first-clas& 
certificate under that name. 
KTames of Fruits. —The names and addresses of senders of fruit 
to be named must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether 
letters referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are 
not necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only 
six specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved. {J. Longton). —1, Braddick’s Nonpariel; 2, D’Arcy Spice ; 
3, Wyken Pippin ; 4, Lane’s Prince Albert. 
M'aines of Plants,—We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, dry 
wool the worst. Not more than s'x specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
{J. J, S.). —Odontoglossum pulchellum. The address for which you ask 
is Mr. W. Collins, 9, Martindale Road,Balham, London, S.W. {j. B .).— 
1, Iris reticulata ; 2, Iris reticulata Bakeriana. {S. M.). — 1, Aspleninm 
bulbiferum ; 2, Asplenium cicutarlum ; 3, Adiantum crapeziforme ; 4, 
Davallia parvula. {R. 0.). —1, Odontoglossum Rossi majus ; 2, Mas- 
devallia Veitchiana : 3, Oncidium splendidum : 4, Oncidium flexuosum. 
{J. L.). —The two Orchid flowers through having been embedded in dry 
cotton wool and remaining in the post during Sunday arrived quite 
shrivelled, and though we have had them in water since they are still 
unrecognisable. {S. M .)—Odontoglossum triumphans. {T. B.). — 
1, Pteris umbrosa ; 2, Lomaria gibba ; 3, Adiantum tenerum. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— Febstjart 18th,. 
Business (Juiet, -with sapplies somewhat shorter. 
VEGETABLES. 
B. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Pk &■ 
Artichokes, dozen .. .. 
0 
0 
to 0 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet .. 
1 
6 
to 2 
0 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 
1 
6 
1 
9 
Mustard & Cress, punnet 
0 
2 
0 
O' 
Beet, Red, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bushel. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Brussels Sprouts, J sieve 
2 
6 
3 
0 
Parsley, dozen bun'ches 
2 
0 
8 
0 
Cabbage, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
0 
Pi 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Cauliflo-wers, dozen.. .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
2 
0-> 5 
Celery, bundle. 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Salsafy, bundle .. .. 
1 
U 
1 
ft 
Cole-worts, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
rr 
Cucumbers, doz. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Seakale, per bkt. .. .. 
2 
0 
2 
e. 
Endive, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Shallots, per lb. 
0 
8 
0 
U 
Herbs, bunch.. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Spinach, bushel .. 
5 
0 
6 
ft 
Leeks, bunch .. .. .. 
n 
S 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
0 
G 
0 
8 
Lettuce, dozen. 
2 
0 
2 
6 
Turnips, bunch .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
da 
FRUIT. 
B. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
1 
6 
to 6 
0 
15 0 to 20 
ft' 
„ Nova Scotia and 
Melons, each. 
0 
0 
0 
(V 
Canada, per barrel 15 
0 
23 
0 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Grapes, per lb. 
1 
6 
3 
6 
St. Michael Pines, each.. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Kentish Cobs „ 
45 
0 
51 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. .. 
0 
0 
0 
ft 
AVERAGE WHOLESALE PRICES. 
CUT FLOWERS. 
B. S. 8. d. 8. d. 8. d.. 
Amm Lilies, 12 blooms.. 2 0 to 4 0 Marguerites, 12 bunches 4 0 to 6 0 
Azalea doz. sprays .. .. 
n 
6 
1 0 
Mignonette, 12 bunclieB. • 
3 
ft 
6 
ft. 
Bouvardias, bunch .. 
1 
0 
1 6 
Mimosa (French), per 
Camellia, white, per doz. 
2 
0 
4 0 
bunch. 
1 
0 
2 
0- 
„ red „ 
1 
0 
1 6 
Narciss (Paper - white), 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 6 
French, doz. bunches .. 
4 
0 
10 
0 
Chiistmas Roses, dozen 
Do. Do. English, 
0 
6 
1 0 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Chrysanthemum, 12 bchs. 
3 
0 
6 0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Cyclamen, doz. blooms .. 
0 
3 
0 6 
,, scarlet, 12 bnchs 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Daffodils, doz. blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 0 
Poinsettia, dozen blooms 
3 
0 
6 
ft 
Epiphyllum, doz. blooms 
0 
4 
0 6 
Primnla(double)12 sprays 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Eucharis, dozen ., .. 
3 
0 
6 0 
Roses (indoor), dozen .. 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Gardenias, each .. .. 
2 
0 
3 6 
„ Red, 12 bis. iFnch.) 
2 
0 
4 
{J 
Hyacinths (Roman), doz. 
„ Tea, white, dozen.. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
sprays . 
0 
6 
1 0 
„ YeUow, dozen 
3 
0 
9 
n 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 
2 
0 
4 0 
Snowdrops, dos. bunches 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Lilac (Frenchl per bunch 
4 
0 
6 0 
Spir®a, per bunch .. .. 
0 
9 
1 
()■ 
Lilium longiflorum, 12 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms . • 
1 
G 
2 
G 
blooms. 
6 
0 
9 0 
Tulips, per dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Lily of the Valley, dozen 
Violets (Parme), per bch. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Sprays . 
0 
6 
1 0 
„ (dark), per bch... 
1 
6 
2 
6 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
„ (English), doz.bnch 
1 
0 
2 
0- 
bunces. 
4 
0 
9 0 
Wallflower, doz. bunches 
3 
0 
G 
0 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
B. 
d. 
8. d. 
B. 
a. 
R. 
d. 
Aralia Sieboldl, dozen .. 
6 
0tol2 0 
Foliage plants, var., each 
2 
C to 10 
0 
Arbor Vit® (golden) doz. 
6 
0 
8 0 
Genista, per doz. 
9 
0 
18 
O' 
Azalea, per pRnt .. .. 
2 
0 
3 6 
Hyacinths, doz. pots 
G 
0 
9 
0 
Cineraria, per doz. 
9 
0 
IJ 0 
LUy of the Valley, per pot 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Cyclamens, per doz. 
9 
0 
24 0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
ft. 
Dielytra spectabilis, per 
Mignonette, per dozen ., 
4 
0 
6 
0 
dozen . 
9 
0 
18 0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
13 
0 
Drac®na terminalis, doz. 24 
0 
42 0 
Palms, in var., each.. .. 
2 
8 
21 
0 
„ viridis, dozen .. 
12 
0 
24 0 
Pelargonitims, per doz. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0* 
Erica, various, dozen .. 
12 
0 
18 0 
Poinsettia, per doz. 
9 
0 
15 
0 
Euonymus, var., dozen .. 
6 
0 
18 0 
Primula sinensis, per doz. 
4 
0 
G 
O' 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 0 
Solanums, per djz. 
9 
0 
12 
ft 
Ferns, in variety, dozen.. 
4 
0 
18 0 
Spir®a, per doz. 
10 
0 
18 
0 
Ficus elastica, each.. .. 
1 
6 
7 0 
Tulips, dozen pots ... .. 
G 
0 
9 
0< 
