March 3, 1891. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
165* 
ing with the known height of the respective variety of Peas, breaking off 
the tops evenly at that height. This being done, lay on a good mulching 
of short manure in the manner set forth above. Thus treated it is seldom 
necessary to apply water’at the roots of Peas resulting from the first 
and second sowings, which in favourable districts, and under the 
influence of fairly good spring weather, will yield gatherings of Green 
Peas from about the end of the third week in May to the middle or end 
of June, The plants must not at any time during their growth, except 
when the Peas are being saved for seed, be allowed to become dry at 
the roots. Hence during dry hot summer weather the plants require 
copious supplies of water or diluted liquid manure. This will be more 
necessary if the soil be light. 
Stopping the Plants —In order to hasten the process of podding, 
pinch oil the tops of the haulms as soon as the flowers are open. The 
temporary check thus given to the plants will enable a gathering of 
Peas to be made a few days earlier than would otherwise be the case. 
Insect Attachs .—The enemies of the Pea are numerous. They include 
mice, birds, snails, slugs, and the Pea weevils—Sitona crinita, S. lineata, 
and Otiorhynchus picipe.s. These depredators devour the young plants 
as soon as they appear if preventive means are not adopted. Mice and 
the snake millipedes eat the seeds committed to the ground. The cater¬ 
pillars of the V-moth (Plusia gamma), and the maggots of a small fly 
(Phytomyza nigricornis) feed upon the leaves. Birds and the pea 
maggots, which are the offspring of a moth called Tortrix pisana, attack 
the Peas in the prds, and the maggots of the Bean grain beetle 
(Bruchus granarius) eat out the interior of the seed Peas. Mice can 
easily be trapped, and the birds can be kept at bay by placing a length 
of small-meshed garden netting over the ranks when the plants appear, 
and again when they begin to pod. Slugs and snails may be kept at a 
distance from the plants by laying at the sides and ends of the several 
ranks a good dusting of a mixture of fresh soot and lime, repeating the 
application when necessary. The pea weevils may be dislodged, and 
further attacks averted by dusting the affected plants while damp with 
the soot and lime. Mildew in Peas is generally caused by excessive 
dryness at the roots, and an unduly wet and cold atmospheric tempera¬ 
ture during the growing stages of the plants. The remedy, or rather 
preventive, being in the former case adequate supplies of water given 
at the roots, and in the latter the dusting of the affected leaves of the 
plants while damp with flowers of sulphur.— H. W. Ward, Longford 
Castle Gardens, Salislury. 
So there are to be three East Anglian Rose Shows on one day. two 
of these being the exhibitions of societies which are affiliated to the 
N.F».S. It is really getting too bad. What are we to do / I am afraid 
we cannot give any disciplinary powers to the Secretaries of the N.E.S. 
of “ coming down ” upon offenders, but I think it might be made a con¬ 
dition of affiliation that the days chosen be submitted to the Committee 
for approval before a certain date, or at least that pains should be taken 
to avoid such thoughtless arrangements. I do not know whether any¬ 
thing is done beyond the mere offer of advice and assistance in the 
report, or whether the report is sent to the Secretary of each affiliated 
Society, for it by no means follows that the Secretary or any one of his 
Committee is a member of the N.R.S. It is a delicate subject for 
exhibitors to bring forward, for they are almost the only sufferers, and 
it is easy to accuse them of greediness and pot-hunting, and I hope 
therefore that those in authority who are not exhibitors will do their 
best to remedy the present state of things, 
P.S.—Since writing the above there seems some prospect of the 
matter being settled amicably between the affiliated Societies, and it 
appears that the date of the other Show was a misprint in the local 
paper. _ 
In the last supplement to the N.R.S. catalogue of Roses there are 
certain recommendations as to duplicates and future omissions, which 
were I believe agreed to at the last general meeting. The following 
H.P.’s were to be omitted from the list of show Roses :—Abel Grand, 
Antoine Ducher, Catherine Soupert, Centifolia Rosea, Comtesse de 
Serenye, Due de Rohan, Duchesse de Caylus (Penelope Mayo), Edouard 
Morren, Egeria, Lord Macaulay, Mar^chal Vaillant (Avocat Duvivier), 
Nardy Freres and Th^rose Levet. The only name I regret to see here 
is Lord Macaulay ; it is not quite first class, but I find it big enough, 
very useful, and a capital Rose to stand. Duchesse de Caylus is of 
considerably better quality, and was much esteemed ten or twelve 
years ago, but it is not big enough and must go. I would also have 
omicted Elie Morel and Henri Ledechaux at least, and how Centifolia 
Rosea ever got into the exhibition list I cannot think. 
The list of dethroned Teas is :—Comtesse Riza du Parc, Jean Pernet, 
Marie Guillot, Mons. Furtado, and Souvenir de Madame Pernet. Here 
I am sorry to see Marie Guillot given up ; it is very difficult to grow 
and show well, but it certainly possesses capabilities of being exhibited 
in first-class and most distinct form, and as such I have seen it at a 
N.R.S. Exhibition. I should certainly have also cut out Madame 
Charles ; and Adam, Amazone, Bouquet d’Or, and Madame Berard are 
hardly worthy of the place they hold. The new synonyms are : 
( Alfred Colomb. 
< Marslial P. Wilder. 
( Wilhelm Koelle. 
Duke of Wellington. 
Rofiieriste Jacobs. 
Due de Rohan. 
Mrs. Jovitt. 
( Grand Mogul. 
1 Jean Soupert. 
( Lady Mary Fitzwilliam. ( Madame Alpbcnse Lavallee. 
I Lady Alice. \ JIarie Banmaun. 
I was rather surprised at the union of the third couple, but they are 
not Roses that 1 know very we 1; at any rate Due de Rohan figures in 
the list to be omitted, while Mrs. Jowitt has certainly been shown, not 
unfrequently, in fine form._ 
I am surprised that more of the leading nurserymen, or even- 
amateurs, do not attempt the raising of seedling Roses. It is true that 
the whole thing is rather a lottery ; that neither artificial crossing nor 
due ripening of seed can be depended on out of doors, and that the 
seedling plants, previous to blooming, often take up to little purpose a 
large amount of valuable ground. Still, both the glass and the room 
cculd be found by many, and all amateurs can buy foreign ripened seed 
such as a large majority of our best Roses come from. What interest 
there is for the enthusiast in watching the first opening buds in search 
of the chance gem among the refuse ; or, better still, of the result of a 
carefully studied and duly worked-out cross. Of course, the most per¬ 
fectly shaped and sound seeds are likely to produce the best Roses ; but 
I have often wondered if the actual seeds which produced the most 
famous French Roses were in any way different to look at from the 
others with which they were sown. 
A day or two ago I was looking at a plant of Rubens on a soivth 
wall, and wondering to see how completely it, and others on w’alls, had 
withstood the frost, though quite unprotected, when I saw a ripe-looking 
hep on a small shoot. On opening it I found it contained one seed 
only, but that a whacker! as big as three ordinary seeds, and looking 
something like three seeds fasciated into one. I daresay it will not ger¬ 
minate, though it seemed fairly ripe ; but my faithful assistant, as he 
carried it off for careful sowing, already, I fancy, “in his mind’s eye,’* 
was fingering the gold medal of the N,R.S.—W. R. Eaillem. 
Pruning Time. 
The time is fast coming when it is possible to take stock of the Rose- 
garden. Going over to prune shows the state of the case. It may have 
a melancholy interest for friends, and perhaps a different sort of interest 
for rivals, to hear something of “ the cruel winter's rages” in the Mole 
Valley in Mid-Surrey. I find every standard Tea killed dead, every part 
of the unprotected Teas dead, and Mar^chal Niels everywhere killed to 
the ground. Only earthing-up has been any protection. Fern and 
straw are worthless after 20° of frost, and over 20° of frost this winter 
has been an ordinary occurrence- The first and worst frost was on 
November the 29th, the more fatal for being so unexpected. In this, 
the hottest and coldest part of south-east England, it is no unusual 
thing to have to cut back, so to speak, to the quick. 
I have just reduced my standards, as is not unusual, to walking 
sticks with very small knobs. But for experience it w’ould be impossible, 
to believe that such dead-looking stocks would ever see a leaf again. 
They do get over it, however, somehow. This year recovery is muclt 
less certain. Soft wooded H.P. standards are also killed. The 
difficulty is to mention those which have escaped, not those which are 
dead. E. Y. Teas, Michelon, and Marie Baumann have fared pretty 
well; also Baronne de Rothschild, though not its descendants. Of 
climbers W. A. Richardson is everywhere killed, and R. M. Henriette 
nearly so. A little known but most valuable garden Rose comes out 
best of all. Reine Maria Pia is hardly injured. This Rose grows like a 
Willow. It is a handsome, solid, dark pink in colour. It is also one of 
the sweetest Roses in existence.i 
“This Rose, of brilliant hue and perfumed breath, 
Buds, blossoms, dies, and still is sweet in death.” 
I fear Mr. Congreve’s remark will this year be applicable to many 
portions of many Rose gardens — 
“ I’ve seen the time when on that withered thorn 
The blooming Rose vied with the blushing morn.’’ 
—A. C. 
MYROBALAN HEDGES. 
I HAVE found these hedges equal to the Whitethorn as an efficient 
fence, and superior to it in rapidity of growth. Any thinness of the 
Plum hedges is owing to mismanagement. Plant carefully in well 
trenched fertile soil, clip regularly twice a year from the outset, and. 
no Thorn hedge will be thicker or neater. It is owing to careless plant 
ing or subsequent neglect that there have been failures, and yet to see 
the extraordinary vigour of this Plum under good treatment one would 
suppose failure to be an impossibility. It is because I have seen good 
and bad hedges of it that I am able to afford positive information 
about it. 
The failures were all owing to the “ sticking in ” folly of planters, 
who because they were told the Myrobalan Plum was so robust and 
vigorous must needs buy the cheapest plants of it to be had, stick themr 
in—for it cannot be called planting—in the gaps of old Thorn hedges. 
