M. rjh 2 ',, 1891. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
247 
consider my experiments final. I only rcco’d my present experiences, 
and if further eipsrieuce disproves the present, I will honestly ami 
])romptly write 4 iid say so. — N. H. Pownall, Lcnton Hall Gardens, 
.YtUinffham. 
PLAN OF A KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Wb have referred on several occasions to the good work performed by 
the Cardifl: Gardeners’ Mutual Imjirovement Association, and have 
I’eprinted some of the papers read at its meetings. We have now to 
notice the result of a competition of quite a different character. It was 
announced in the programme for the season that 
Messrs. Stephen Treseder and Alfred Kettle well 
offered a prize consisting of a set of drawing in¬ 
struments value 2()8. for a plan under the following 
conditions :—“ Plan of a kitchen garden drawn to 
scale, including p’an of fiuit and plant houses, fruit 
room, seed room, office.s, sheds, stokehole, &c., with 
essay describing soil, situation, the arranging and 
2 >lanting of basket and fruit trees, not to exceed four 
acres.” Mr. Hugh Pettigrew was the .successful 
competitor under the nom de jdnvie of “Be'li^,” and 
the plan which secured the prize is represented in a 
reduced form in fig. 44. 
The description furnished with the plan is as 
follows The accompanying is a plan of a kitchen 
garden, including plant and forcing hcuse.s, frame 
ground, manure yard, stokehole, bethy, office, seed 
j'oom, stable, cart and dog-cart houses, sheds of 
different kinds, underground rain-water tanks, &c. 
The whole not to occupy more than 4 acres. 
The broad lines (1) denote walks ; the narrow 
surrounding lines (2) brick walls. The stokehole, 
which is strongly arched under the walks, has its 
position shown by black dots, and the underground 
tanks are also shown in the same way. 
One of the square manholes on the surface of 
stokehole shown in the plan is for admitting coke and 
it’be other for drawing up ashes, both being covered 
'With iron gratings. 
The tanks are 9 feet deep, and arched over 2 feet 
below the surface of the ground, made thoroughly 
■watertight, and the rain water from all the houses is 
led into them. 
The office and stable, at each end of the sheds, 
are raised up square, and tte walls castellated, and 
a large cis'^ern pi iced on the fop of them to supply a'i 
fhe houses with water by gravitation. 
The water is pumped up from the tanks under¬ 
ground by manual labour or otherwi.so. 
The spaces in front of the sheds are intended to 
represent the position of rockeri'-s. The walks of 
t£he garden are edged with Box. The so 1, if possible, 
.should be a rich loam, from 2 to .3 feet deep, and 
sloping gently to the south. If necessary, it should 
be well drained. 
The marks thus + in the kitchen garden show the 
c>)Ositions of the pyramidal and wall fruit trees. 
The south wall behind the plant houses to be 
planted with the best varieties of Pears, to be trained 
dn fan shape. The south wall outside to be planted 
with Peaches. Nectarines, and Apricots in equal 
iproportion. The inner walls alxive the tanks—Figs. 
Outside wall parallel with sheds—Apricots. North 
wall, with Cherries and Bed and 'VVh.te Currants. 
The two east aspects of walls—Pears. 
The two west aspects, one with Plums, and the 
^tther with Pears. Outside borders can be planted 
with bush fruit, Easpberries, Gooseberries, Ked, 
White, and Black Currants according to require¬ 
ments. Borders of cross walks running east and 
west to be planted with a choice collection of 
pyramidal Pears, except the border at south tnd of 
the gawleu, which is Plums. The borders by the sides 
'•of walks running north and south, pyramid Apples, 
all on the free stock. 
The slip of ground outside the walls, if enclosed 
by a hedge (.3) next to the walk, may be of Privet or Holly, according 
to circumstances. 
HORTICULTURE IN AMERICA. 
lA paper by Mr. James H. Laixu, F.R.H.S., read at the Birmingliam Gardeners’ 
Association, Mareli Otli, 1891.] 
It was suggested a short time since that an account of my experiences 
and impressions of horticultural matters in those parts of the United 
States of America I had the opportunity of visiting in the months of 
August and September last would prove interesting. I have much 
p’easure, therefore, in jotting them down as they occur to me, which I 
trust will receive indulgent consideration. 
Anyone boarding one of the huge steamers which cross the Atlantic 
Ocean for the first time naturally feels a certain amount of reluctance, 
not to say anxiety, especially if he has not acquired the use of his sea 
logs. But when we leave the tender at the Bar off Liverpool, and ascend 
the companion ladder of such a magnificent steamshi}) as the Etruria of 
the Cunard Line, considered to be one of the fastest ves.se's, we feel more 
tranquil, and soon endeavour to be at home and make acquaintances 
with our fellow passengers for the week’s journey. Fortunately my good 
friends, Mr. W. A. Manda (Short Hills) and Mr. and Mrs, Thos. Young, 
who were returning home from a European tour, were aboard ; hence it 
is needless to add that, with such genial companions, the time passed 
away most pleasantly, and, moreover, being specially favoured with .an 
excellent [jassage, we all arrived in good health aiul spirits at New York. 
The Etruria, well known for the rapid run and saving of several thou¬ 
sand pounds sterling in the shape of importers’ duty fees, by clearing 
her cargo through the Custom House a few minutes before the McKinley 
tariff came into force, took us splendidly across in six days. 
I cannot imagine a better and grander sight than the first impre.ssions 
produced by the harbour of New York, which, rightly considered, I .shoulil 
think, to be one of the finest and most picturesque in the world. The 
outer Bar is at Sandy Hook, eighteen mile.s from the Battery, .and is 
crossed by two ship-channels, either of which admits ve.ssels of the 
deepest draught. From the deck of the steamer the American coast is 
U'ually first s’ghted at the line of the Navesink Highlands, or off Fire 
Island Light, and the Bar is crossed soon after. The steamer then enters 
the Bay, and sails through the narrows between the villa-ci'owned shores 
of Staten and Long I-lands, which, on Saturday evenings during the 
FIG. 44.—FLAK OF A KITCHEN GARDEN. 
