April 9, 13; 1 . ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
289 
light, and the results of Siemens’ more recent experiments are 
familiar. 
An ingenious person has suggested to me an alternative method for 
exeluding fog without interfering with ventilation, by an arrangement 
of tricklers, such as one sees on ice factories in summer for cooling. In 
tiiis way a greenhouse might be completely enveloped in a thin mantle 
of dilute hydrogen peroxide, permanganate of potash, or other absorbent, 
which could be collected in gutters and pumped up a^ain and agaur. 
A considerable objection to this plan would be the liability of the 
absorbent to freeze in cold weather, fog and frost being very frequently 
concomitant. 
In conclusion, I have to thank my colleagues on the Committee for 
their constant help and sympathy. To my Assistant, Mr. F. E. Weiss, 
13.Sc., I am indebted for his continuous devotion to the research ; with¬ 
out his aid the investigation could not have progressed as it ha«. For 
the making of the chemical analyses of injured tissues, &c , as well as 
for advice on many questions of a chemical nature, 
I must thank my former pupil, Mr. J.T. Leon, B.Sc , 
now lecturer in chemistry at St. Mary’s Hospital.— 
F. W. Oliver. 
appears to have been given to orchard moths, and we find the most 
complete and precise account of the destructive Winter Moth 
(Cheimatobia), and methods of preventing and destroying it, that has 
hitherto been published. Eecords of experiments with alt known 
remedies, both in this country and America, are given in a concise form ; 
and more can be learned about Paris green, London purple, and other 
remedies than can be found elsewhere. The subject of eelworms has 
prominence, as these minute nematoid worms are found to be the cause 
of disease in cereal and leguminous crops ; and to a species, Aphelenchus 
fragarise, hitherto undescribed, has been traced the destructive malfor¬ 
mation in Strawberry plants that is too prevalent with some cultivators, 
entailing on them serious loss. We are privileged to use the accom¬ 
panying illustration of Dr. J. Ritzema Bos, Professor at the State Agri¬ 
cultural College, Wageningen, Netherlands, which represents a plant 
that was sent to him by Miss Ormerod, in consequence of the eelworms 
she discovered in it difering from the typical kind, Tylenchus devas- 
WATERING VINE BORDERS. 
The substance of Mr. Young’s article on page 258 
of the issue for April 2nd is similar in every respect 
to what I wrote on page 311, October 9th, 1890. I 
should not have alluded to this but for the fact that 
Mr. Young either reads carelessly or possesses a very 
convenient memory. I referred on page 311 to a 
note of his about watering Madresfield Court Vines 
in pots three times a day. Mr. Young also alludes 
to the same matter and says, “ Some time since a 
well-known writer stated that something must be 
radically wrong with the treatment of the Vines 
when they require attention in watering three times 
a day. I wonder he did not extend his observations 
to Strawberries in pots, as one is on a par with the 
other.” Now, Mr. Young, I did allude to Straw¬ 
berries in pots, and with the Editor’s permission I 
will reproduce what I wrote on page 311, for it cannot 
be too forcibly impressed upon cultivators of either 
fruit or plants. The following is what I wrote, “ It 
cannot be good either for the Vine or the lasting 
properties of the border to be continually pouring 
water into it. The same applies to Vines grown in 
pots, and we cannot help thinking that something is 
radically wrong when two or three applications are 
needed daily. Our experience with plant growing 
In pots tends in the opposite direction. The longer 
the soil about the roots of the plants can be kept in 
an intermediate state for moisture without recourse 
to the waterpot the better. Even that water-loving 
plant the Strawberry, when grown in pots can have 
too much water ; the fewer the applications, provided 
the soil remains moist, the better is the flavour and 
the finer the fruits. This we demonstrated during 
the season of 1889, when some hundreds were plunged 
to the rim to prevent evaporation, while equal num¬ 
bers were grown without to test the value of the two 
-systems.” 
I have again and again in the pages of this Journal 
written on the subject of w’atering Strawberries, 
Vines in pots, and plants in general, and always tried 
toiimpress the importance of not overwatering, and 
at the same time of giving as few applications as 
possible consistent with keeping the soil moist. 
Various methods have been pointed out by which 
this end can be accomplished.— Wm. Bardney. 
MISS ORMEROD’S WORKS.« 
We have received for review the second edition of 
the “ Manual on Injurious Insects, and Methods of 
Prevention ” of this accomplished entomologist and 
indefatigable worker; also the fourteenth annual 
^‘Report of Observations of Injurious Insects” during 
the past year; and we have further on our table 
•‘•Observations on Some Injurious Insects of South 
Africa.” Of the first, we may say it has almost over¬ 
grown its description as a manual or small handbook. 
It is really -a substantial ivolume of 410 pages, 
admirably printed, copiously illustrated, and crowded 
■with interesting and instructive matter from be¬ 
ginning to end. It is a standard work, valuable 
for reference, and should have a place on the book¬ 
shelves of gardeners and farmers. 
The Report extends to 144 pages, and contains a 
number of illustrations of various insects, and other 
enemies to plant and animal life. Special attention 
* Loudon: Simpkin, Marshall, Ilamilton, Kent & Co., Limited. 
FIG. 54. —“CAULIFLOWER DISEASE” IN STRAWBERRY PLANT DISEASED BY 
INFESTATION OF APHELENCHUS FRAGARI-E, Ritz. BoS. 
Description op Figures.— 1. Strawberry plant infested by Aphelenchus fragari® : (a) Scaly buds developed 
in the axil of normally developed leaves— h ; (!>) A very swollen stem, with (c) Rudimentary flower 
buds always remaining closed ; (d) Accumulation of rudimentary buds at the base of the branch 6 ; 
(e) Cauliflower-like accumulation of strongly branchcil and broadeneil inflorescent parts, with im¬ 
perfectly developed flowers and sheathing leaves; (/) Section of similar Cauliflower growth ; 
( 3 ) Accumulated blossoms, partly rudimentary, partly abnormally, developed, such as are shown 
separately in 2 and 3; (li) Portion of leafstalks of normally developed leaves; (i) Stunted leaves 
of fairly normal shape. 
2. Monstrously developed blossom; outer leaves of the calyx naiTow ; inner ctilyx leaves more developed, 
some very thick and twisted, others branched, and a few trifld like ordinary leaves ; the blossom 
appears to have split into three divisions, but the petals, stamens, and pistil of these parts have remainctl 
rudimentary and indistinguishable from each other. 
3. Monstrously dcvelope<i blossom ; outer leaves of the calyx narrow; inner leaves of calyx weL-leveloped, 
but a few of them twisted; petals of corolla stunted, and some of them twisted, and no sign of pistil 
or stamens. 
4 Abnormally developed stamen. 
