May 28, 1891. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
489 
varieties that are seldom affected is remedial. That we advise in your 
case. The stems, vve presume, are quite healthy and free from la'^ge 
wounds. Such is generally the case when canker affects the tips of the 
boughs, and the trees die by degrees. It is too late to operate this 
season, but next autumn wa advise your cutting off the heads and 
regrafting the frees next spring with those varieties that in your 
immediate neighbourhood show no trace of canker. Such varieties as 
Lord Grosvenor, Ecklinville Seedling, Golden Noble, Lord Derby, and 
Bramley’s Seedling Apples are not prone to canker, and all are good 
profitable varieties ; but the safest plan is to be guided by the trees in 
your locality. We presume the ground is efficiently drained, and that 
the trees have the advantage of light and air, neither crowded in the 
branches, cumbered with dead wood and thickly clustered twigs, nor 
the trees so close together as to crowd each other. If either, thinning 
would afford some alleviation. The trees should be cut over soon after 
the leaves fall, leaving eligible arms for putting on grafts in spring at 
the required height and place, leaving the stems a little longer than the 
proposed place of inserting the grafts so as to admit of a little being 
taken off at the time of grafting. Burn all the heads, or if saved for 
firewood take them away from the orchard. If the ground is in grass 
and long eat it off with sheep fed on oil cake. In three years from 
grafting the trees should bear fine fruit. We have known worthless trees 
made highly profitable by the method advised. If you decide to keep 
the trees and try the effect of thinning the heads and cutting away the 
diseased parts, which should be burned, also all the trimmings, strewing 
the ashes on the ground, eat the grass off bare with sheep, and apply the 
following mixture :—3 cwt. steamed bone meal, 2 cwt. kainit, | cwt. 
sulphate of iron, and 5 cwt. sulphate of lime, mixed, per acre in autumn 
or in February, distributing evenly, and leaving for rain to wash in. 
Horticulture In the Cape Colony (ZT. Faivey ').—We are very 
pleased to hear that horticu’ture is making “rapid strides” in the Cape 
Colony, and that a stimulus is being given to the cultivation of plants, 
flowers, and fruit by the Uitenage Horticultural Soeiety. The schedule 
of your February Show is very comprehensive, and contains 122 classes 
for various kinds of summer flowers, fruits, and vegetables, and we note 
that your “ spring show ” is to be held in November. As in exhibiting 
you “ wish to go on the lines of horticultural societies in England,” we 
can assure you that both amateurs and nurserymen can and do compete 
in “open classes.” Amateurs have as much right to show in classes 
thus described as nurserymen have, but nurserymen are absolutely 
debarred for entering in the “amateurs’ classes.” In some schedules 
“ nurserymen’s classes ” are provided, and from these classes amateurs 
are excluded. In localities where there are not sufficient trade exhi¬ 
bitors to compete and make a good display amongst themselves, certain 
classes are made “ open,” in which they can enter with amateurs, and 
both compete amicably together. It is not at all unusual for nursery¬ 
men to be defeated by their ama’eur friends, and when this occurs the 
former cheerfully acquiesce in the verdict of competent judges. In 
England a nurseryman would never think of showing in the “ amateur 
classes,” no matter how many amateurs competed against him in those 
described as “ open.” If a nurseryman should think that amateurs 
are accorded special privileges in being allowed to show in 
two sections and he in one only, it should be remembered, and is well 
understood in England, that the nurseryman has the privilege of selling 
his goods and taking orders from visitors, and that is his compensation. 
It is right to encourage amateurs to exhibit in and win prizes if they can 
in the “open classes,” and the greater the numbers of such successful 
amateurs the better, not for themselves alone, nor for the Society, but 
for nurserymen. So well is this recognised in England that business 
firms contribute substant’al amounts to the prize lists of shows, and on 
opening a schedule at our elbow, that of the great Show to be held at 
Shrewsbury on August 10th, we find that Messrs. Webb, Sutton, Carter, 
Sydenham, Davies, and Colchester provide an aggregate of £50 to be 
awarded in fourteen class's. The stipulations in your schedule appear 
very explicit and the rules concise and good. One of them might be 
w’orth the attention of sime local societies in the “old country”— 
namely, “ Any exhibitor feeling himself aggrieved by the award of the 
judges and causing any unpleasantness on the day of the Exhibition 
shall forfeit all prizes that may have been awarded him on that day.” 
At most shows, however, it is happily the rule for Fsers to accept defeat 
manfully. We trust you will go on progressing, and shall be glad to 
hear from you at any time, and answer any questions we can that you 
may desire to ask. 
Hames of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, dry 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
—(21 O ').—Piptanthus nepalensis. QFemo ).—1, Iris pseirdacorus 
variegata; 2, Stachys lanata ; 3, Alyssum saxatile ; 4, Corydalis lutea; 
5, Spirma salicifolia ; G, Ranunculus aconitifolius fl.-pl. (IF. li .').—The 
very imperfect specimen resembles the Cape Gooseberry, Physalis 
pubescens. (.7. 72.).—1, Kerria japonica fl.-pl. ; 2, Doronicum plan- 
tagineum ; 3, Trollius asiaticus ; 4, Stachys lanata ; 6, Amelanchier 
botryapium. (77. J. P.).—1, Odontnglossum citrosmum ; 2, Thun'a 
alba; 3, Adimtum trapeziforme. (IF. P. C'.).—1, Orchis latifolia ; 2, 
Trollius europajus ; 3, Doronicum austriacum ; 4. Iberis sempervirens ; 
5, Cheiranthus alpinus ; fi, Saxifraga hypnoidcs. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Yokohama Gardeners’ Association, 21 and 35, Nakamura, Yokohama, 
Japan. —Descript ice and Illustrated Catalogue of Plants. 
J. Carter & Co., 237 and 238, High Hoiborn. —Illustrated Lists of 
Primulas, Calceolarias, Cinerarias, and Cactus. 
J Veitch & Sons, Royal Exotic Nursery, King’s Road, Chelsea.— 
Catalogue of Plants and Novelties (illustrated). 
W. Bull, 53G, King’s Road, Chelsea, S.W.— Catalogue of New and 
Rare Plants (illustrated'). 
W. Richardson & Co., Darlington. — Catalogue of Horticultural 
Buildings (illustratccl). 
Dicksons & Co., 1, Waterloo Place, Edinburgh,—7t67 of Bedding and 
Border Plants. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— May 27th. 
Business better, with supplies shorter. 
FEUIT. 
s. d. 
6. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
Apples, i sieve.1 6 
to 6 
0 
Kentish Cobs. 
40 
0to60 
0 
„ Nova Scotia and 
Lemons, case. 
15 
0 
20 
0 
Canada, per barrel 15 0 
26 
0 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
„ Tasmanian, case 6 0 
14 
0 
Peaches, per doz. 
6 
0 
21 
0 
Grapes, New, per li). .. 2 6 
4 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each.. 
3 
0 
8 
0- 
Strawberries, per lb. .. 
1 
6 
5 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
s. d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Asparagus, per bundle ,, 0 6 
to 2 
6 
Mnshrooms, pnnnet 
1 
6 
to 2 
0 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 0 9 
1 
0 
Mustard & Cress, puimet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beet, Bed, dozen .. .. 1 0 
0 
0 
Onions, bushel. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Brussels Sprouts, J sieve 0 0 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Cabbage, dozen .. .. 3 0 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 0 4 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
8 
0 
4 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen.. .. 3 0 
6 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
3 
Celery, bundle.1 0 
1 
8 
Salsafy, bundle .. .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Coleworts, doz. bunches S 0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. ,. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumbers, doz.3 0 
5 
0 
Seakale, per bkt. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Endive, dozen .. .. .. 1 0 
0 
0 
ShaUots, per lb. 
0 
8 
0 
0 
Herbs,bunch ..0 2 
0 
0 
Spinach, bushel .. .. 
5 
0 
6 
0 
Leeks, bunch.. 0 2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Lettuce, dozen.8 0 
3 
6 
Turnips, bunch .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
4 
AVERAGE WHOLESALE PRICES, 
CUT 
FLOWERS. 
s. d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
d. 
Anemone, dozen bunches 2 0 to 4 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
to 4 
0 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 2 0 
6 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches.. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
A’alea doz. sprays .. .. 0 9 
1 
0 
Mimosa (French), per 
Bluebells, dozen bunches 1 0 
2 
0 
bunch . 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Bouvardias, bunch .. 0 9 
1 
0 
Myosotis, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Camellia, white, per doz, 2 0 
4 
0 
Narciss (Various) dozen 
„ red „ 0 9 
1 
6 
bunches . 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 10 
2 
0 
Narciss (double white) 
Cowslips, dozen bunches 0 6 
1 
0 
dozen bunches 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Cyclamen, doz. blooms .. 0 3 
0 
6 
Pansies, dozen bunches.. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Daffodils, doz. bunches .. 2 0 
6 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
4 
0 
9 
V 
Eucharis, dozen .. .. 3 0 
6 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 bnchs 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Gardenias, per doz. 1 0 
3 
0 
Primula(donble)12 sprays 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Iris (Various) doz. bchs. 6 0 
12 
0 
Primroses, dozen bunches 
0 
4 
0 
9 
Lapageria, 12 blooms .. 2 0 
4 
0 
Roses (indoor), dozen .. 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Lilac 1 English) per bnch. 0 6 
1 
0 
„ Red (English) per 
„ (Prenchl per bunch 5 0 
6 
0 
dozen blooms .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Liiium longiflorum, 12 
„ Red, 12 bis. (Fnch.) 
2 
0 
4 
0 
blooms.3 0 
4 
0 
,, Tea, white, dozen.. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Liiium (Various) dozen 
„ Yellow, dozen 
2 
0 
4 
0 
blooms.1 0 
3 
0 
Spiraea, per bunch .. .. 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Lily of the Valley, dozen 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
sprays .0 6 
1 
0 
Tulips, per dozen .. .. 
0 
3 
e 
6 
Lily of the Valley, dozen 
Violets (Parme), per bch. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
bunches.4 0 
9 
0 
„ (dark), per bch... 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
„ (English), doz.bnch 
0 
6 
1 
0 
bunches.4 0 
9 
0 
Wallflower, doz. bunches 
1 
6 
3 
0 
PLANT S 
IN POTS. 
B. d. 
B. 
d. 
6. 
d. 
8. 
d.. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 6 0 to 13 
0 
Geraniums, Ivy, per doz. 
4 
0 
to 8 
0 
Arbor Vitae (golden) doz. 6 0 
8 
0 
Hydrangeas, per doz. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Arum Lilies, per doz. .. 9 0 
13 
0 
Liiium longiflorum, per 
Azalea, per plnnt .. .. 2 0 
3 
6 
do’en . 
18 
0 
EO 
Q 
Calceolarias, per dozen .. 6 0 
12 
0 
Lily of the Valley, per pot 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Cineraria, per doz.5 0 
8 
0 
Lobelia, per doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Cyclamens, per doz. .. 9 0 
18 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Deutzia, per doz.6 0 
8 
0 
Mignonette, per dozen .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Dracaena terminalis, doz. 24 0 
42 
0 
Musk, per doz. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ viridis, dozen .. 12 0 
24 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Erica, various, dozen .. 12 0 
21 
0 
Palms, in var., each.. .. 
2 
6 
21 
0 
Euonymus, var., dozen .. 6 0 
18 
0 
Pelargoniums, per doz. .. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 6 0 
24 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, per 
Fairy Roses, per doz. .. 9 0 
12 
0 
dozen . 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen.. 4 0 
18 
0 
Primula sinensis, per doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Ficus elastica, each.. .. 16 
7 
0 
Spiraea, per doz. 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each 2 0 
10 
0 
Stocks, per dozen .. .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Genista, per doz.6 0 
9 
0 
Tropaeolums, per dozen . 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Bedding plants (in variety) in boxes, from Is. to 3s.; in pots, per doz , 
Is. to 2s. 
GOOD BUTTER. 
Two reminders have we had recently of the steady increase of 
subscribers to the Journal, and of the consequent necessity of a 
