June 18, 1891. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
501 
carbonate of copper and liquid ammonia remedy. One gallon will spray 
three or four large Vines, If you only want a small quantity take say 
one-eighth of an ounce of carbonate of copper and one-eighth of a pint of 
liquid ammonia, or 2^ ozs. by weight, dissolving the carbonate of copper 
in the ammonia, pour into a pail and add 1^ gallon water. With this 
spray the Vines thoroughly, but not to the extent of causing the solution 
to drip from the leaves, or when that takes place cease spraying. 
Repeat at intervals of twelve to fifteen days if necessary. The copper is 
a poison, but one or two good syringings will clear it all away. It is 
used extensively in America right up to the Grapes colouring, and has 
been used many years without prejudice to health. 
Fungrns on Tomatoes (TV. A. J .').—We omitted to say last week 
that there is no danger in using the Bordeaux mixture or any of the 
copper solutions on plants, the fruit of which have to be eaten, if the 
precaution is taken to wash the fruit with water a few times after 
spraying with the copper solution. It is much used in America on 
Apples for the cure of “ scab,” and the fruit is sent to this country and 
consumed in very large quantities without any disadvantage to anyone 
except home growers, who, failing to use remedial measures for diseases 
through prejudice, place lesser quantities and inferior qualities of fruit 
in the market than they need do were they to take the requisite 
measures to secure first class fruit. We have recently seen a very fine 
example of Tomato culture in one of the celebrated market growing 
establishments at Worthing, and on alluding to the disease (cladi- 
sporium) Mr. Scutt observed, “ We are quite master of that now ; all 
that is necessary is, as soon as the spots appear, to heat the pipes and 
maintain a temperature of 80° for a few nights and days, with a dry 
atmosphere ; the fungus then vanishes and the plants go ahead,” That 
we take to be a valuable hint, and the simple plan suggested is worthy 
of trial everywhere where the fungus appears. Prompt action is most 
important. 
Roses In November (T. M. —You must free the plants from 
mildew by syringing with a solution of water and powdered sulphur. A 
3-inch potful of sulphur in each three gallons of water will be ample. 
This should be left on the leaves for three or four bright days, and then 
the plants well syringed with clean water. If every trace has not been 
destroyed repeat the application. The Roses should now be gradually 
hardened by the admission of full ventilation until the house can be left 
open all night, the doors as well. When they are well hardened too 
much air cannot well be given. If the lights can be removed until the 
end of September all the better, that is if you want the plants to commence 
blooming towards the end of November. From the middle of September 
preparations should be made for a start, and weak growths removed as 
well as those that are soft and unripe. At that season of the year you 
can only hope for buds, and therefore must not practise a very severe 
system of pruning. A mere thinning out only is necessary. If larger 
blooms are needed you must prune more severely. The main secret is 
in having the wood hard and ripe. The plants soon start into growth 
during September after the syringe is used and the house kept closed, 
giving air only on bright sunny days. Do not bring about a ripened 
condition of the wood by withholding w’ater at their roots. It is a good 
plan to give a good soaking, and then mulch them with short manure 
to prevent giving too frequent applications. Keep the foliage clean 
during the season, and remove all flower buds as they appear. 
Mildew on Vines (^H. JB.'). —The mildew having got strong hold 
will not be eradicated without leaving its traces on the Grapes. You 
may apply one of the following remedies as most convenient :—1, Dust 
every part of the Vines infested with the mildew thoroughly with 
flowers of sulphur, using a “ sulphur duster ” (boite a houppe) or a 
worsted stocking mounted on a stick and partly filled with the sulphur, 
shaking it over and through the Vines. Look over the Vines occasionally, 
and if there be any patches that have escaped the first dusting repeat, 
and persist in this until the Grapes change colour for ripening, when as 
much of the sulphur may be syringed off, but it can rarely be all cleared 
off, and sometimes the sulphur must remain until the Grapes are ripe on 
account of the re-appearance of mildew' on young growths. Maintain a 
drier condition of the atmosphere. 2, Slack 1 lb. quicklime in an iron 
pot along with 1 lb. of flowers of sulphur, or slack the lime first, then add 
the sulphur. Add a gallon of water, mix well, place over a fire and heat 
to boiling, allowing to simmer a quarter of an hour, keeping w'ell stirred 
all the time. Let the liquor cool, then pour off the clear liquid into 
bottles, leaving the sediment, keeping well corked in a dark place. Use 
a pint of this mixture to twelve gallons of water, or half pint to six 
gallons, quarter of a pint to three gallons. It will resemble milk. With 
this syringe the Vines thoroughly, using a syringe with a spraying 
nozzle. Do this on a calm evening, repeat the next and next. This is 
usually sufficient, but if any mildew afterward appear apply the solution. 
This will discolour the paint, but it will not injure anything ; yet as 
Vines differ in the texture of their foliage it is always well to try the 
solution on a few growths, allow them to dry and noting the effect, then 
proceed accordingly, that is, if it injure the Vines use less of the sulphide. 
3, On a fine calm day towards evening heat the hot-water pipes to 170° 
to 200°, close the house, and brush the pipes over with a thin paint 
formed of flowers of sulphur and skim milk, coating them evenly through¬ 
out. Keep the pipes hot about an hour, then let them cool down to the 
ordinary temperature. This will check the mildew. The sulphur may 
remain on the pipes and will give off some fumes whenever they are 
heated inimical to the fungus. Strong fumes, however, harden the 
skin of the Grapes and they “colour” prematurely, not swelling well, 
often cracking. Avoid the use of “ hot iron ” in using sulphur. 4, If 
you have a spraying syringe try the following :—“ Mix thoroughly 
G ounces of pulverised ammonia carbonate and 1 ounce of copper carbo¬ 
nate. Keep in an air-tight vessel, and when ready for use dissolve in 
ten gallons of water.” Spray two or three times at intervals of twelve 
to fifteen days. This ought to annihilate the mildew. Then thoroughly 
cleanse the Vines by syringing. Anti-fungi, Anti-blight, and other 
advertised fungicides are well worth the attention of growers, and are 
often more handy and generally available than other mixtures. 
Names of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern frond'i 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fre.sh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, dry 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(B‘. L .).—It is evidently a near relative of the Pancratiums, but 
unfortunately the flower was too withered to furnish sufficient material 
for identification. (^Matfen ).—The Fig is Brown Turkey, the Orchid is 
Trichopilia tortilis, and the Pelargonium grossularirefolium variegatum. 
{B.'j. —1, Fuchsia procumbens ; 2, Fragaria indica ; 3, Rubus australis. 
{Inquh'er'). — 1, Leschenaultia formosa ; 2, Leschenaultia biloba. 
(Y. J. N.).—Such specimens could only be determined by comparison in 
a large herbarium. 
Queen-Excluder Zinc (J/. J/.).—Our columns were full to over- • 
flowing when your letter arrived, and it cannot appear this week. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— June 17th. 
Business brisker, -with good supplies. Prices generally unaltered, excepting Peacbos, 
■which are lo'wer. 
FRUIT. 
Apples, Tasmanian, case 
Grapes, per lb. 
Asparagus, per bundle .. 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. ., 
Beet, Red, dozen .. .. 
Cabbage,' dozen •. .. 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 
Cauliflowers, dozen.. .. 
Celery, bundle.. 
Coleworts, doz. bunches 
Cucumbers, doz. 
Endive, dozen. 
Herbs,bunch.. 
Leeks, bunch .. .. .. 
Lettuce, dozen .. •• .. 
8* 
a. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
6 
Oto 14 
0 
Oranges, per 100 .. 
• • 
4 
Oto 
9 
0 
2 
0 
3 
6 
Peaches, per doz... 
3 
0 
11 
0 
40 
0 
60 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each.. 
3 
0 
8 
0 
15 0 
20 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. 
• • 
1 
6 
5 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
0 
6 
to 2 
G 
Mushrooms, punn.st 
• • 
0 
8 to 
0 
10 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Mustard & Cress, punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bushel.. .. 
5 
0 
6 
& 
3 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
3 
0 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. 
• « 
1 
0 
0 
0 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Potatoes, per owt. .. 
• • 
3 
0 
4 
0 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Rhubarb, bundle .. 
• • 
0 
2 
0 
3 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy, bundle ., 
• • 
1 
0 
1 
6 
1 
6 
4 
0 
Soorzonera, bundle.. 
• • 
1 
6 
0 
0 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Shallots, per lb. .. 
• • 
0 
3 
0 
0 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Spinach, bushel .. 
• • 
5 
0 
6 
0 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. ., 
• • 
0 
10 
1 
0 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Turnips, bunch .. 
• • 
0 
0 
0 
4 
AVERAGE WHOLESALE PRICES. 
CUT FLOWERS. 
Orchid Blooms very good, rather plentiful. 
Anemone, dozen bunches 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms . 
Azalea, doz. sprays .. . 
Bluebells, dozen bunches 
Bouvardias, bunch .. 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
Cornflower, doz. bunches 
Eucharis, dozen .. .. 
Gardenias, per doz. 
Iris (Various) doz. bchs. 
Lapageria, 12 blooms .. 
Lilac (English) per bnch. 
„ (French) per bunch 
Lilium longiflorum, 12 
blooms. 
Lilium (various) dozen 
blooms. 
Lily of the Valley, dozen 
bunches. 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
bunches. 
Marguerites, 12 bunches 
Mignonette, 12 bunches.. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 
Arbor Vitee (golden) doz. 
Arum Lilies, per doz. .. 
Azalea, per plant .. .. 
Calceolarias, per dozen .. 
Cineraria, per doz. 
Erica, various, dozen 
Euonymus, var., dozen .. 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
Fairy Roses, per doz. 
Ferns, in variety, dozen.. 
Ficus elastica, each.. 
Foliage plants, var., each 
Fuchsia, per doz. 
Genista, per doz. 
Geraniums, Ivy, per doz. 
s. 
a. 
8 . 
d. 
1 2 
0 to 4 
0 
2 
0 
6 
0 
0 
6 
1 
0 
1 1 
0 
2 
0 
0 
9 
1 
0 
1 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
3 
0 
6 
0 
1 
0 
3 
0 
6 
0 
12 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
0 
6 
1 
0 
5 
0 
6 
0 
3 
0 
4 
0 
1 
0 
3 
0 
4 
0 
9 
0 
4 
0 
9 
0 
i 2 
0 
4 
0 
3 
0 
6 
0 
PLANTS 
B. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
6 
Oto 18 
0 
6 
0 
8 
0 
9 
0 
12 
0 
1 
6 
3 
0 
5 
0 
9 
0 
5 
0 
8 
0 
24 
0 
43 
0 
12 
0 
24 
0 
12 
0 
24 
0 
6 
0 
18 
0 
6 
0 
24 
0 
6 
0 
9 
0 
4 
0 
18 
0 
1 
6 
7 
0 
2 
0 
10 
0 
6 
0 
12 
0 
6 
0 
9 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
per 
Mimosa (French), 
bunch . 
Myosotis, dozen bunches 
Narciss (double white) 
dozen bunches .. .. 
Pseonies, dozen bunches 
Pansies, dozen bunches.. 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
„ scarlet, 12 bnehs 
Primula(double)12 sprays 
Pyrethrum, doz. bunches 
Roses (indoor), dozen .. 
„ Red (English) per 
dozen blooms .. 
„ Red, 12 bis. (Fnch.) 
,, Tea, white, dozen.. 
,, Yellow, dozen .. 
Spiraea, per bunch .. .. 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
Violets (dark), per bch... 
„ (English), doz.bnch 
Wallflower, doz. bunches 
s. d. 5, d. 
3 to 1 G 
0 4 0 
8 0 
18 0 
2 O' 
9 0 
6 0 
1 0 
9 0 
1 & 
8 . 
Hydrangeas, per doz. .. 9 
Lilium longiflorum, per 
dozen .1^ 
Lobelia, per doz. .. .. 4 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 6 
Mignonette, per dozen .. 4 
Musk, per doz.2 
Myrtles, dozen .. .. .. 6 
Palms, in var., each.. .. 2 
Pelargoniums, per doz. .. 9 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, per 
dozen .3 
Saxifraga pyramidalis, per 
doz.12 
Spiraea, per doz.8 
Stocks, per dozen .. .. 4 
Tropaeolums, per do:en .. S 
d. s. d. 
0tol2 0 
80 0 
C 0 
12 0 
9 0 
4 0 
12 0 
21 0 
18 0 
6 0 
18 
12 
6 
G 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Bedding plants (in variety) in bov.-'sj-frorii Is. to Ss.; in pots, per doz.. Is. to 2s. 
