124 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
[April, 
Garlic :—Break up the bulbs into sets, and plant 
six inches apart in the rows. 
Horseradish may be put out as soon as the ground 
is dry, and to save space set the plants between 
the rows of early cabbages. Plant the sets or 
pieces of the roots three to six inches long; put 
them 15 inches apart in the rows. 
Leeks .—Sow seed thickly in rows a foot apart, in 
■well-manured soil. 
Lettuce— Keep up a succession of plantings, and 
set out plants from the hot-bed and cold-frame. 
Onions .—Put out sets early, and sow seeds as soon 
as the ground is ready. Manure heavily with stable 
manure, and apply a coat of ashes, which is an ex¬ 
cellent manure for seed onions. South of New 
York, onions can not be raised from seed with any 
certainty. Sow seed in 13 or 15-inch drills. 
Parsley .—Sow thickly in boxes placed in ahot-bed. 
Parsnips .—Sow very early in well-manured soil, 
Using last year’s seed only, in drills 18 inches apart. 
Peas .—Plant the rows of tall-growing peas so that 
there will be room enough to admit plenty of light 
and aif. Dwarfs may be sown in drills 18 inches 
apart. Secure plenty of brush for the tall sorts if 
it has not been already done. 
Peppers .—Sow in liot-bcd with plenty of heat. 
Potatoes .—Plant a few for early use, but the bulk 
of the crop should not be put in until the ground 
is warm and dry, so that they may" commence 
growing at once. Plant the seed in drills three 
feet apart, and the pieces a foot apart in the rows. 
Badishes .—-Continue sowing a few row's every 
week or ten days for a succession. 
Salsify .—Treat the same as recommended for 
carrots. 
Spinach will be ready to cut in many places. 
New beds should be planted for a late crop. 
Swiss Chard and Spinach Beet are varieties of 
beet grown for greens only. Treat like beets. 
Sweet-Potatoes .—If only a few plants are needed, 
better buy them than to take the trouble to raise 
them. Do not plant out until warm weather. 
Tomato plants when large enough to handle 
should be potted and placed under glass, gradually 
hardening them off as the weather becomes mild. 
Turnips .—Sow a few for early as soon as possible. 
Flowcr-Gardeu mid Lawn. 
For hints as to the early work of the spring in 
this department reference may be made to the pre¬ 
vious months of this season, as many hints given 
then will be timely now. Do all transplanting of 
trees and shrubs as soon as the weather is fit. 
Borders will need forking over, and a dressing of 
well-decomposed manure applied. 
Climbers .—The hardy climbers make excellent 
screens, and a great deal of satisfaction may be had 
from the flowers as well as the foliage. For climb¬ 
ers there is nothing handsomer than the Clematis, 
Akebia, and Wistaria, all of which are hardy in this 
latitude. Of annuals the old-fashioned Morning- 
glory and Cypress-vine are among the best. 
Herbaceous Plants should be transplanted and 
divided at once, as they start into growth early. 
Hardy Annuals.— Sow seeds in the open ground 
when the soil is dry, but most varieties do best if 
not sown until next month. 
Boses .—Uncover the tender sorts when the wea¬ 
ther becomes mild, and prepare to plant out any 
new sorts which it is desirable to try. Very satis¬ 
factory results may be obtained from pegging 
down the branches so that the bed is covered with 
a dense mass of foliage. 
Bulbs .—Uncover beds of hardy bulbs, taking 
care not to injure the plants; loosen the soil 
slightly to prevent the growth of weeds. 
Perennials .—Sow seed of perennials in fine rich 
soil, taking care to label each sort, so,that no mis¬ 
take may arise from their absence. It is also well 
to make a rough sketch of the beds on paper, and 
mark each row with the variety of seed planted. 
Pruning .—Any tree or shrub in the ornamental 
grounds the limbs of which have been broken off 
by snow or ice should be attended to at once, and 
the wound carefully smoothed and a coat of shellac 
varnish or paint applied. 
Gi'ccnlioiiseg and Winflow-SSoxes. 
Some fire will be needed during the cold spring 
days, and the furnaces should be ready at a mo¬ 
ment’s notice. Give plenty of air on mild days. 
Propagating will be the principal work of this 
month. A large stock should be prepared for 
planting out in the borders. As soon as the plants 
have rooted, pot in small pots of good soil. 
Seeds of tender annuals may be sown in boxes in 
the house or greenhouse for planting out next 
month. Do not cover too deeply; the best way is 
to scatter sifted soil upon the seeds after they are 
sown and press down firmly with a block or board. 
Tuberoses .—Start in the greenhouse, and after 
they commence to grow well turn them out and 
plant in the open ground in settled warm weather. 
Water .—Give plenty of water to growing plants 
and frequent showers overhead, so as to keep the 
foliage free from dust. 
Bisects must be subdued at any cost, and this can 
be easily done if no plant is placed in the house 
until it is thoroughly cleansed of all insects. 
Bulbs .—Bring out those bulbs which have been 
kept in reserve for late flowering, and give plenty 
of water so that they may grow rapidly. Dry off 
all those which have finished flowering, and store 
in a dry place for next season. 
Windoio-boxes .—Keep the seedlings growing, and 
give air each day to prevent their becoming drawn. 
As soon as large enough to handle, transplant to 
other boxes. 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
Gold has been as low as 113%, and as high as 115%— 
closing Mar. 13th at 115J4, as against 114% on Feb. 13th. 
.The trade movements have been chocked very 
seriously by the extreme stringency in the Money mar¬ 
ket, and the extraordinary depression in the foreign ex¬ 
changes, which latter has been very unfavorable to free 
exports of produce.There has been less animation 
in Breadstuff's, with more or less irregularity as to values, 
tlie market closing rather weak for the leading kinds, 
though holders have been reluctant to make important 
concessions, especially on prime samples of grain, and 
shipping grades of Flour, which have been in compara¬ 
tively moderate supply. Ocean freight room continues 
scarce, thus impeding shipments.Cotton has de¬ 
clined on free offerings and a less confident inquiry. 
Provisions have been very active and buoyant, partic¬ 
ularly hog products, but close generally tame and rather 
less firmly...._Seeds, Wool, and Hops have been 
cheaper, on a limited business.Tobacco has at¬ 
tracted more attention and has been held with firmness. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
from our daily record during the year, show at a glance 
the transactions for the month ending March 13th, 
1873, and for the corresponding month last year. 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT THE NEW YORK MARKETS. 
Receipts- Flour. T neat. 
23 d’s tins m'tli. 179,000 262,000 
26 cl’s last m’tli. 165,000 413,000 
Corn. 71 i/e. Farley. Oats. 
378,000 2,100 61,000 666,000 
427,000 1,450 95,000 50S,000 
Sat.es Flour. If heat. Corn. 7lye. Farley. Oats. 
23 d’s Wi,i«m’th.188,000 569,000 1.563,000 -- 91,000 1,086,000 
26 d’s last m’tli.346,000 1,251,000 1,975,000 18,000 490,000 1,327,000 
2, Comparison with same period at this time last year. 
Receipts. Flour. 
23 clays 1S73.. .179,000 
24 clays 1872...182,000 
Wheat. 
262,000 
227,000 
Corn. 
378.000 
641,000 
Bye. Barley. Oats. 
2,100 61,000 066,000 
4,300 107,000 439,000 
Sat.es. Flour. 
23 cl’s 1873.... 188.000 
24 cl’s 1872....197,000 
Wheat. Corn. Bye. Farley. Oats. 
569,000 1,503,000 —— 91.000 l.OSG.OOO 
805,000 1,871,000 12.5C0 196,000 1,210,000 
3. Stock of grain in store at New York. 
Wheat, Corn, 
bush. bnsli. 
Mar. 10,1873. 671,’97 2.515.892 
Feb. 10,1873. 805.501 3,189.195 
Jan. IS. 1873.1.177.859 4,743,901 
Dec. 9, 1872.1,305,975 5,075.730 
Bye, Barley, Oats, Jfait, 
bush, busli. bush, bnsli. 
37.302 293,493 810,596 166.392 
39.580 468,931 959.131 173.100 
44.089 571.051 1,307.187 175,805 
51,665 624,551 1,608,865 215,326 
4, Exports from New York, Jan. 1 to Mar. 12: 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. Feds. 
bbls. bush, busli. bush, bnsli. bush. bush. 
1873.. 22 .386 863.737 2,778,029 1,001 6,700 4,977 11,937 
1872.. 165.416 1,004,991 2,974,449 135,787- 5,717 54,103 
Cintr.KNT Wholesale Fricks 
Prick op Gold. 
Flour—S uper to ExtiiuState i 
Sillier to Extra Southern_ 
Extra Western. 
Extra Genesee. 
Superfine Western. 
Rye Flour. 
Corn-Meal. 
Wheat—A ll kinds of White. 
All kinds of Red anil Amber. 
Corn—Y ellow.. 
Mixed.. 
Oats— Western. 
State . 
Uye .. 
Barley.. 
May—B ale, id 100 Iks. 
Straw, ?<100 Iks. 
Cotton—M iddlings, 70 k>.... 
Mops—C rop ol'1872. ?1 lb. 
Feathers —Live Geese, ?t lb. 
Seed—C lover, 19 Ik . 
Timothy, 73 bushel. 
Flax,?! bushel. 
Sitgar—R efi’gfe Grocery?)Ib 
Molasses, Cuba. ?<gal.. 
New Orleans, ?) gal.. 
COFFIC E— JliO(Golcl). 
Tobacco. Kentucky, &c.,?tlk. 
Seed Leaf, 79 Ik. 
Wool—I) o mestic Fleece,?) B> 
Domestic, pulled, iR lb. 
California, clip. 
Tallow, ?) Ik. 
Oil-Cake—I f) ton.. 
Pork—M ess. ?) barrel_ 
Prime, if) barrel ........_ 
Beef—P lain mess. 
Laud, in tres. & barrels, if) Ib. 
Butter—S tate, ?) ft. 
Western, ?) Ik. 
Cheese.. .... 
Beans—?) bushel. 
Peas—C anada, free. 79 bu_ 
Eggs—F resh, $ dozen . 
Poultry—F owls. 
Turkeys—79 Ib. 
Geese, 79 pair. 
Ducks, 79 pair... 
Turnips—?) barrel . 
Garbages—79 100. 
Onions—?) bbl. 
Broom-corn— 79 lb. 
Apples— new, 79 barrel. 
Potatoes—?) bbl. 
Swf.et Potatoes—?) bbl. 
Carrots—?) bbl. 
Celery—?) doz..... 
^'ew Yorlc S.Iv<n 
Feb. 13. Mar. 13. 
114 % 115 % 
i 25 @ 8 30 $16 00 © 8 40 
6 
40 
@13 
00 
6 
10 
@18 
00 
? 
20 
@13 
00 
C 
90 
@13 
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8 
35 
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8 
50 
@10 
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6 
25 
@ 7 
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(i 
00 
<® 
6 
75 
4 
75 
© 6 
30 
3 
65 
@ 
6 
oo 
3 
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@ 3 
90 
3 
00 
@ 
3 
85 
1 
85 
® 2 
35 
1 
30 
2 
15 
1 
50 
@ 2 
05 
1 
45 
2 
00 
05 %@ 
67 
65 
© 
67 
63%@ 
66% 
63%@ 
66% 
52 
® 
57 
45 
52% 
52 
® 
57 
47 
@ 
52% 
99 
® 
95 
85 
95 
75 
® 1 
25 
75 
1 
25 
1 
10 
@ 1 
65 
1 
10 
1 
65 
75 
® 1 
35 
70 
<a 
1 
35 
21 
® 
21% 
20%@ 
21% 
42 
® 
55 
40 
@ 
55 
50 
75 
50 
® 
75 
3 
9%@ 
10 
8%@ 
9 
70 
® 4 
00 
3 
50 
® 
4 
00 
2 
15 
@ 2 
25 
2 
20 
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SO 
8%@ 
11 
8 
10% 
18 
® 
35 
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@ 
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55 
® 
76 
56 
@ 
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17%@ 
20% 
17%@ 
20% 
9 
® 
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7%@ 
15 
8 
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50 
8 
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00 
® 
75 
52 
® 
72 
40 
® 
65 
40 
60 
23 
® 
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9 
39 00 @40 00 39 50 @40 50 
14 50 @ — 15 50 @16 00 
11 CO @11 37% 11 75 @13 25 
n rn can 75 9 on can on 
7%@ 
8% 
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23 
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80 @ 
48 
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12 
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17 
2 25 
@ 3 75 
2 00 
@ 3 25 
1 15 
© 1 20 
1 20 
@ 1 SO 
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® 38 
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@ 28 
12 
® 18 
9 
@ 17 
15 
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12 
® 18 
1 75 
@ 3 00 
1 50 
® 3 00 
75 
@ 1 25 
75 
@ 1 25 
1 00 
@ 1 75 
75 
@ 1 50 
6 00 
@10 00 
S CO 
@15 00 
5 00 
@ C 50 
5 50 
@ 7 5(1 
2 
@ 8 
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@ 7 
1 75 
© 3 50 
1 50 
@ 3 25 
1 25 
ffl 3 25 
1 50 
@ 3 25 
3 00 
@ 4 00 
3 25 
@ 3 75 
2 00 
@ 2 25 
1 50 
@ 2 00 
1 25 
© 1 50 
1 50 
@ 1 75 
■Stock Markets. 
week ending Beenes. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. Tot'l. 
February 17th. 7,883 120 634 14,163 36,712 59,023 
February 24th. 7,730 132 621 20,339 30,945 59,767 
March 3(1...... 7,232 79 J 70 24,987 29.992 03,060 
March 10th. 6,445 64 712 16,627 35,422 59,270 
Total for 4F«eft*....2S,795 395 2,738 76,121 133,071 241,120 
do.forprev. 4 Weeks. 34,536 435 2,717 104,973 167,100 809,761 
Beeves. Cotes. Calves. 
Sheep. 
Swine. 
Average per Week ..7,199 
90 
084 
10.030 
33,263 
do. do. last Month _S.G34 
109 
670 
-.6,243 
41,775 
do. do. prey's Month.... 6,336 
65 
639 
13,883 
40,279 
ISeef Cattle.—The supply of cattle has been light¬ 
er during the past month, but fewer were wanted, hence 
there has been no lack. The demand always falls olT at 
the beginning of Lent, but it is apparently better this 
year than usual. The quality of the stock has been bet¬ 
ter than we were receiving some tveeks ago, but there is 
still room for improvement. Texans fell off for a time, 
but they have started again, and those now arriving 
show good feeding. Prices have varied very little since 
last report, the close averaging %c. above the opening. 
The prices of the past 4 weeks were: 
Banqe. Large Sales. Aver. 
Feb. 17.8 @14%c. 10%@12 c. 11 Xc. 
Feb. 24.8 @14%c. 11 @12%c. lljfcfc. 
Mar. 3.8%@Ut,c. 10%@12%c.' ll%c. 
Mar. 10.9 @14%c. 10%@12%c. ll%c. 
Hindi Cows.—On account of a scarcity of batter 
and very high prices, wo are not getting as many cows as 
usual at this season of the year. Prices have steadily ad¬ 
vanced, and milkmen find it difficult to get a supply of 
good cows. The rates are $40 $50 each for very ordi¬ 
nary to thinnish cows of small size, $05 © $75 for fair to 
good milkers, and $80 @$S5 for prime to extra large j 
cows.Calves.—There has not been the usual in¬ 
crease in receipts in live calves, farmers sending in a 
greater proportion of them dressed. The demand is fair j 
for good veals, both dead and alive. Small or “hob” j 
calves are coming in sparingly. Senders run tlie risk of 
having them seized. As warm weather comes on receipts 
of live calves will be much larger. Quotations for 
live, Sc. @ He. $ lb. for ordinary to prime milk-veals, 
7c. @ 8e. for hog-dressed grass-calves, and lie. (a) 14c. 
for poor to ihtmilk-veals.SJaeep.—The sheep-mar¬ 
ket has recovered somewhat from the depressed state at 
which it was left one month ago, owing to the “scab” 
story, but it is not lively now. The only difference in. 
prices is an advance on thin slock, which people called 
diseased and refused to purchase at date of last report. 
The story was mainly a fabrication, as we then said. A 
decline in wool acts against the trade by diminishing the 
value of skins. The quotations are: 5%c. © 6%c. for 
poor to medium sheep; and 6!4c. © 714c. for fair to 
choice, a few extras going at Sc... . Swine.— Arrivals 
of Western dressed for the past 4 weeks were 48,916. 
They are now nearly over with for the season, .the wea¬ 
ther being too warm to bring them forward in good con¬ 
dition. Live hogs, too, are coming in less freely, and 
