August 24, 1893. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
185 
Wames of Fruits.— Notice. —Special attention is directed to the 
toHowing decision, the object of which is to discourage the growth of 
inferior and promote the culture of superior varieties. In consequence 
of the large numher of loorthless Apples and Pears sent to this office to 
be named, it has been decided to name only specimens and varieties of 
approved merit, and to reject the inferior, which are not worth sending 
or growing. The names and addresses of senders of fruit to be named 
must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether letters 
referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are not 
necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only six 
specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved. (^Wm, Huxley). —Apple Peasegood’s Nonesuch. (^Evaiis, 
//a«socA’.?). —Duchess of Oldenburg. (^F.P.D ).—1, Red Astrachan ; 2, 
Ring of Pippins; 3, Court Pendh Plat; 4, London Pippin. (R.B.). —1, 
Brown Turkey; 2, Brunswick. 
N'ames of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, 
dry wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at 
once, and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
S » — Specimen insufficient. (A. J/.). — Lilium lancifolium. 
(if. P .),—Adiantum cuneatum. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
J. Carter &; Co., High Holborn, London.— Bulb Catalogue. 
Bidij ^ Sons, Lowfield Nurseries, Crawley.— Spring Floivering 
Dobie & Mason, Oak Street, Manchester. — Hyacinths, Tulips, 
Crocuses, y v . 
Fisher, Son, & Sibray, Handsworth Nurseries, Sheffield.— Bulbs and 
Floicer Boots. 
J. Laing & Sons, Forest Hill, S.E.— Butch,‘French, and other Bulboics 
Boots. >. > 
Little & Ballantyne, Carlisle.— Bulb Catalogue. 
\iImorin, Andrieux & Co., Paris.— Bulbous Booted and other 
I lowers. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. —August 23rd. 
Large supplies, readily changing hands at low rates. 
FRUIT, 
Apples, per bushel .. .. 
„ Tasmanian,per case 
„ Nova Scotia, brl. 
Cherries, half sieve ., ., 
Cobs .. 
Filberts, per 100 lbs. i I ; 
Gooseberries, half sieve .. 
s. d, 
Asparagus, per bundle .. 0 0 
Beaus, Kidney, per lb. ..03 
Beet, Red, dozen. I o 
Carrots, bunch.0 4 
Cauliflowers, dozen ., ., 2 0 
Celery, bundle . 1 0 
Coleworts, dozen bunches 2 0 
Cucumbers, dozen .. .. 1 6 
Endive, dozen .1 3 
Herbs, bunch .. .. ,, o 3 
Leeks, bunch .0 2 
Lettuce, dozen. o 9 
Mushrooms, punnet .. .. 0 9 
d. 
8. 
d. 
d. 
9. 
d. 
0 to 6 
0 
Grapes per Ib. .. .. 
9 
to 2 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lemons, case .. .. 
.. 10 
0 
15 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Oranges, per 100 
.. 0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Peaches, per doz. 
.. 1 
6 
8 
fl 
0 
0 
0 
Plums, per half sieve 
.. 1 
6 
2 
6 
0 
0 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each 
.. 2 
0 
5 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. .. 
.. 0 
0 
0 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
s. d. 
to 0 
0 
0 
0 
3 
1 
4 
3 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
3 
0 
0 
1 6 
0 0 
0 0 
1 0 
1 0 
s. d. 
Mustard and Cress, punnet 0 2 to 0 
Onions, bunch .0 3 0 
Parsley, dozen bunches ,.20 3 
Parsnips, dozen.10 0 
Potatoes, per cwt.2 0 4 
Salsafy, bundle.10 1 
Scorzouera, bundle .... 1 6 0 
Seakale, per basket ,. .. 0 0 0 0 
Shallots, per lb. 0 3 0 0 
Spinach, bushel. 8 0 0 0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 0 3 0 4 
Turnips, bunch. 0 4 0 6 
s. d 
0 
6 
0 
0 
6 
e 
0 
AVERAGE WHOLESALE PRICES.—CUT FLOWERS. 
Orchid Blooms in variety. 
8. 
d. 
S. 
d 
8. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
2 
0 to 
4 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches .. 
2 
0 
to 4 
0 
Asters (French), per bunch 
0 
9 
1 
3 
Mignonette, 12 bunches ., 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ (English) doz. bches. 
3 
0 
5 
0 
Myosotis, dozen bunches .. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Orchids, per dozen blcoms 
3 
0 
12 
6 
Carnations, 12 blooms 
0 
6 
2 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Carnations, dozen bunches 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
Chrysanthemums, dozen 
bunches. 
3 
0 
G 
0 
bunches. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Primula (double) 12 sprays 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Chrysanthemums, doz. bis. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Pyrethrum, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Cornflower, dozen bunches. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Roses (indoor), dozen 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Eucharis, dozen. 
1 
6 
4 
0 
„ Red, doz. bunches .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Gardenias, per dozen 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ Tea, white, dozen .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Lilium lancifolium, dozen 
„ YeUow, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
blooms . 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Stocks, dozen bunches 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Lilium longiflorum 12 
Sweet Peas, doz. bunches.. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
blooms . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Sweet Sultan, per dozen 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
bunches. 
O 
O 
0 
4 
0 
bunches. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms.. .. 
0 
4 
0 
6 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Arbor Vitae (golden) dozen 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Hydrangea, per dozen 
12 
Oto 24 
0 
Aspidistra, per dozen 
18 
0 
36 
0 
Ivy Geraniums. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Aspidistra, specimen plant 
5 
0 
10 
6 
Lilium lancifolium per doz. 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Balsams, per dozen ,. .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Lilium Harrissi, per dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Campanula, per dozen 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Lobelia, per doz. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Dracaena terminalis, per 
Lycopodiums, per dozen .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
dozen. 
18 
0 
42 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Dracaena viridis, dozen .. 
9 
0 
24 
0 
Mignonette, per doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Euonym us, var., dozen .. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Palms, in var., each .. .. 
1 
0 
15 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen .. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
„ (specimens) .. .. 
21 
0 
63 
0 
Perns (small'i pr r hundred 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Pelargoniums, per dozen,. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Ficus elastica, each .. .. 
1 
6 
7 
6 
„ scarlet, per dozen., 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each.. 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Petunia, per dozen .. .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Fuchsia, per dozen .. .. 
5 
0 
9 
0 1 
Rhodanthe, per dozen 
4 
0 
6 
0 
FODDER FOR WINTER—ENSILAGE. 
Tropical heat, the thermometer at nearly 90° in the shade, 
with nine hours of bright sunshine day after day at mid-August, 
is certainly brilliant harvest weather, and Wheat samples will 
be so high in quality as to compare favourably with imported 
corn. But this extreme heat, this parching weather, is fatal 
to the hopes of those farmers who put off mowing what little 
grass they had till corn harvest was well advanced, in the vain 
expectation that enough rain would fall after all to induce some 
really useful additional growth of herbage. It is true enough 
that rain has fallen so freely in many districts to thoroughly 
moisten the soil to a considerable depth, and wherever this has 
happened pastures are clothed with rich luxuriant herbage, but 
there are others where the pasture has never recovered from 
the effects of the drought, and there the outlook is indeed 
gloomy. Useless for their assistance now is it to dwell upon 
the folly of laying down the whole of the land to permanent 
pastu^'e—of starving the land when it is so laid down : we cannot 
help them. It is to those who were wise enough to sow Rye, 
Oa^s, Italian Rye Grass, Tai’es, and Peas or Beans as catch 
crops, that we turn to urge them to do their utmost to preserve 
and store as much of such fodder as they can for use next 
winter and spring. 
In the prevalent hot weather, any of it that is sufficiently 
forward in growth can easily be made into hay, but most of it 
will not be ready for mowing till unsettled weather and 
shortening days render haymaking much too speculative to be 
safe. Recourse must then be had to ensilage, as a simple, sure, 
and efficient means of preserving fodder in a wholesome 
nutritious condition. Prejudice and ignorance may try to 
oppose it, but in such a crisis no quarter must be given to any 
nonsense of the kind. There has been too much forbearance 
shown in this matter, and we believe that among the lessons of 
adversity taught by this trying year, the real value and use of 
silage will take a prominent place. 
No longer is it necessary to build costly silos as receptacles 
for chaffed fodder—that is one of the things we have had to 
unlearn. Nor do we require any of the costly patent pressing 
apparatus which keen implement makers speedily placed on 
market in response to an apparent want. Experience has shown 
that green forage mown and placed in a sufficiently compact 
heap in layers of a yard thick, with an interval of three or four 
days between the stacking of each layer, will afford an invalu¬ 
able store of nutritious food for horses, store cattle, cows, sheep, 
and lambs. To go fully into detail, let us explain what is 
considered as the best way of making a compressed silage heap 
at the present time. It requires some practice to enable one to 
decide beforehand upon the size of the heap. The fact of a 
cubic foot of a well-made silage heap weighing half a hundred¬ 
weight shows how closely it can be pressed together. Bearing 
this in mind, with a calculation as to the weight of crop per 
acre, should enable one to decide upon the size of a heap which 
when finished is to be 6 feet in height, on a clear level place, 
easy of access, and near the yards. Mark, for example, a space 
18 feet wide by 36 feet long. Upon this cart and shoot the 
forage as it is mown, spreading it out regularly, keeping the 
sides upright, but making a slope with the forage at each end 
for the loads to be drawn upon the heap, and the empty carts to 
pass off at the other end, just as is done in making a Suffolk 
manure heap. This carting upon the heap helps to make it 
