December 21, 189?. ]i! 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
567 
most approved by growers is to destroy all affected plants, remove the 
soil, and disinfect the surroundings—that is, thoroughly cleanse the 
house. This means the loss of valuable seedlings, and as yours is one 
we recommend your quarantining it and all infested plants, spraying 
them at intervals of ten days to a fortnight with Bordeaux mixture, 
made as follows 4 ozs, of sulphate of copper dissolved in a vessel by 
itself in 2 gallons of water, 4 ozs. quicklime (light lumps) slaked in 
another vessel, and formed into a thin whitewash by adding water. 
When cool pour the whitewash into the mixture containing the sulphate 
of copper solution slowly through a hair sieve, stir, and add enough 
water to make gallons, stirring well. The mixture must be used at 
once, it being preferable to lay the plants on their sides on a floor, 
spraying them so as to wet every part of them. This can be done easily 
by turning them, and taking care to only coat the parts with the finest 
possible film of the mixture. The house may be sprayed, wetting every 
part, and any spores lurking about will be destroyed directly they push 
their germinal tubes, whilst the coat on the plants will render them 
invulnerable to any spores alighting on them. The mixture must not 
be kept overtwenty*four hours, therefore take such proportionate part of 
the ingredients each time as is needed forsprayingthe plants. Illustrations 
of the above-mentioned diseases attacking Carnations, with descriptive 
notes, were published in the Journal of Ilovticthlture for July 13th, 1893. 
Celery Decaying- (^Constant Reader'). —In most gardens a few 
“sticks'* of Celery are found with completely decayed hearts when 
lifted ; but your experience is a more serious one, five bad “ sticks ” out 
of every six being an extraordinary loss. Unfortunately, it is very 
doubtful if we can suggest either the actual cause or the remedy. It 
is not merely Celery grown in trenches that is liable to behave in this 
way, but the same thing occurs in America, where the bulk of Celery 
grown is planted on the level. Nor has the past hot summer anything 
to do with it, as, according to your letter, the losses have been quite as 
heavy in previous years. American authorities state that it is the most 
rapidly destructive disease that aff cts Celery, and add that it has not 
yet been fully investigated and classified. It is most probably some 
form of bacterial disease, the germs being powerless against fully 
matured outer stalks, but are quickly at work when washed down into 
the heart. Anything that is to operate against the disease germs must 
also find its way down to the hearts, though if the leaves were very 
lightly sprayed with the Bordeaux mixture the amount that would 
reach the eatable portion of Celery would be infinitessimal and quite 
harmless. One recipe for mixing and applying this remedy is as 
follows ; Dissolve 2 lbs. of powdered sulphate of copper in 4 gallons of 
hot water, adding another 4 gallons of cold water. Slake 1 lb. of 
caustic lime, then diluteiit to the thickness of milk in 2 gallons of 
water. When the copper solution is quite cold add the limewash, and 
w’ell mix all together by repeated stirring. It should be sprayed very 
lightly over the rows of Celery within twenty-four hours of mixing, 
and must be kept constantly stirred while being used. An earthenware 
or wooden vessel should be always used. Dry weather should be selected 
for the spraying, and there ought to be not less than three applications 
during the summer months. It is somewhat strange that you should 
have lost so much Celery every year lately, and in all probability the 
severe attacks are due to neglect in 'ourying deeply or mixing the 
decayed Celery with quicklime. None should be left lying about, and 
the site chosen for the Celery trenches next season ought to be well 
away from where this crop has been grown of late. 
Names of Fruits.— Notice. —We have pleasure in naming good 
typical fruits (when the names are discoverable) for the convenience of 
regular subscribers, who are the growers of such fruit, and not col¬ 
lectors of specimens from non-subscribers. This latter procedure is 
wholly irregular, and we trust that none of our readers will allow 
themselves to be made the mediums in infringing our rules. Special 
attention is directed to the following decision, the object of which is 
to discourage the growth of inferior and promote the culture of superior 
varieties. In consequence of the large number of worthless Ajoples and 
Pears sent to this office to be named, it has been decided to name only 
specimens and varieties of approved merit, and to reject the inferior, 
which are not worth sending or growing. The names and addresses of 
senders of fruit to be named must in all cases be enclosed with the 
specimens, whether letters referring to the fruit are sent by post or 
not. The names are not necessarily required for publication, initials 
sufficing for that. Only six specimens can be named at once, and any 
beyond that number cannot be preserved. They should be sent on the 
first indication of change towards ripening. Dessert Pears cannot be 
named in a hard green state. (^Devon). —1, Dumelow’s Seedling ; 
2, Blenheim Pippin ; 3, Not known. (Knebba). —1, Not known, no 
flavour ; 2, Swan’s Egg ; 3, Hunthouse; 4, Orange Goff. (/. E. Kelly). 
—1, Adams’ Pearmain;'2, Kerry Pippin; 3, Margil ; 4, Winter Haw- 
thcrnden ; 5, Knight’s Monarch. 6, Bound Winter Nonesuch. 
Names of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, 
dry wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at 
once, and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(J. J. S.). —1, Libonia floribunda ; 2, L. penrhosiensis. (ST. 31 .).— 
Echeveria retusa. (f. P .).—Adiantum formosum. (i. R .).—1, 
Ardisia crenulata ; 2, A. mamillata. (^Amateur ).—Cypenis alternifolius, 
(//. M.). —Cypripedium insigne Maulei. (^Orchid). —A good form of 
Laelia anceps. (f7. II. D.). —Diefienbachia Bausei. 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET. —December 20th. 
FRUIT. 
Trade slightly brisker for Christmas. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
d. 
s. 
d 
Apples, per bushel ,, .. 
2 
6 
to 9 
0 
Peaches, per doz. 
0 
0 to 
0 
0 
Cobs . 
40 
0 
42 
6 
Plums, per half sieve ,. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Grapes per lb. 
0 
6 
2 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each .. 
2 
0 
G 
0 
Lemons, case . 
10 
0 
15 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
B. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. 
0 
3 
to 0 
4 
Mustard and Cress, punnet 
0 
2 to 
0 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Carrots, bunch. 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Parsley, dozen bunches .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen .. ,. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Parsnips, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
6 
Celery, bundle . 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
2 
0 
4 
6 
Ooleworts, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy, bundle. 
1 
0 
1 
5 
Cucumbers, dozen .. ., 
3 
0 
7 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
u 
Endive, dozen . 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Shallots, per lb. 
0 
3 
d 
0 
Herbs, bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Spinach, bushel. 
8 
0 
0 
0 
Leeks, bunch . 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
0 
3 
0 
7 
Lettuce, dozen. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Turnips, bunch. 
0 
4 
0 
8 
Mushrooms, punnet .. .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
AVERAGE V7HOLBSALE PRICES.—OUT FLOWERS. 
Orchid Blooms in variety. Chrysanthemum blooms very plentiful this season, hence 
the price is very low. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
4 
0 to 
6 
0 
Narciss, White (French), 
Azalea, dozen sprays.. .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
dozen bunches. 
2 
0 to 
3 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Orchids, per dozen blcoms 
3 
0 
12 
0 
Camellias, dozen blooms ., 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
Chrysanthemums, dozen 
bunches. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
bunches. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Primula (double), dozen 
Chrysanthemums, doz. bis. 
0 
6 
2 
0 
sprays . 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Eucharis, dozen. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Pyrethrum, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Gardenias, per dozen 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Roses (indoor), dozen ., 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Hyacintji, Roman, dozen 
„ Tea, white, dozen .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
sprays . 
0 
6 
1 
0 
„ Yellow, dozen .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
Lilac (French') per bunch 
3 
6 
6 
0 
Roses, Safrano (French), 
Lilies of the Valley, dozen 
per dozen. 
0 
9 
1 
6 
sprays . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Roses, Safrano (French), 
Lilium longiflorum, per 
per 100 . 
1 
6 
3 
0 
dozen . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Tuberoses. 12 blooms.. .. 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
Violets, Parme (French), 
bunches. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
per bunch. 
3 
0 
5 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Violets, Czar (French), per 
Mignonette. 12 bunches .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
bunch . 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Narciss, Yellow (French), 
Violets (English), dozen 
dozen bunches. 
2 
_0 
4 
0 
bunches . 
1 
6 
2 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS, 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Arbor Vitae (golden) dozen 
6 
Oto 12 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each.. 
2 
0 to 10 
0 
Aspidistra, per dozen 
18 
0 
36 
0 
Hyacinth, Roman, dozen 
Aspidistra, specimen plant 
5 
0 
10 
6 
pots. 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Chrysanthemums, per doz. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Lilium Harrissi, per dozen 
12 
0 
24 
0 
„ large plants, each 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Lycopodiums, per dozen .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Dractena terminalis, per 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
dozen. 
18 
0 
42 
0 
Mignonette, per doz. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Dracaena viridis, dozen .. 
9 
0 
24 
0 
Myrtles, dozen . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Ericas, per dozen .. .. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Palms, in var.. each .. .. 
1 
0 
15 
0 
Euonvmus.var., dozen .. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
„ (specimens) .. .. 
21 
0 
63 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen .. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Poinsettia, per dozen.. .. 
12 
0 
15 
0 
Ferns (small', per hundred 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Solanums, per dozen.. .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Ficus elastica, each .. .. 
1 
0 
7 
6 
How to feed to profit is a matter concerning which some 
of the best stock breeders are at variance, sides being taken 
for and against extreme early maturity. Some there are who 
would limit the age to three years. Their views had powerful 
support at the annual meeting of the Smithfield Club by Mr. 
J. D. Fletcher, who had at the Cattle Show tangible proof of 
their importance in his first prize Shorthorn heifer, weighing 
16 cwt. 3 qrs. 24 lbs. at the age of two years nine months, and 
his champion polled Aberdeen-Angus heifer. Pride of the 
Highlands, two years eleven months old, weighing 17 cwt. 2 qrs. 
Other graziers advocate an extension of the term of maturity 
to four years on the score of economy of feeding. It is 
altogether a question of profit and loss, and that is the test 
to apply to it. Extravagant feeding for the mere winning of 
a prize will not bear such a test, nor will much stall feeding, 
if profit has to be looked for in the manure, as it often has 
been. But if straw used for litter is to be regarded as an 
equivalent for the manure, then the margin of profit is often 
a very narrow one indeed. In proof of this we quote from a 
pamphlet on “The Early Maturity of Live Stock,” published 
