February 2, 1893. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND' COTTAGE GARDENER. 
99 
King of the Pippins, the callus being strongest and making most effort 
on the upper side of the wound, which does nothing but favour the 
fungus, the tree making spasmodic growths, a long strong shoot here 
and there, larger in leaf and better in colour than those of a tree free 
from cankerous attacks, whilst the other parts of the tree exhibit 
extreme weakness, and it is an unprofitable tree, as well as an 
eyesore. 
No, 9 shows good progress in covering the wounds with new bark, 
yet slower than in the case of No. 7, from whence the canker had been 
incised and a healing plaster applied. There is, however, no abnormal 
swelling around the circumference of the wound, and, unless canker 
fungus spores enter th.at wound and it does not become a repository for 
wet and the wood decay, it will heal over in time, shorter or longer 
according to its size and the vigour of the tree, and bear fruit profitably 
indefinitely. 
The trees must be kept clean by syringing occasionally, and an 
insecticide be promptly applied if insects appear on the foliage and 
young growths, for it is quite as necessary to keep parasites in subjection 
as to apply manures to the soil. Top-dressings of rich compost, partially 
decayed manure, and turfy loam must not be used in the experiments, 
for, however, essential to the cultivation of fruit trees in pots, the top- 
dressings would frustrate our ascertaining the capabilities of the soil, 
because the top-dressings are extraneous and contain more aliment than 
the soil itself: or 1, food in full measure and in assimilated form, 
therefore available for immediate absorption and nutrition ; 2, increase 
the rooting area and so provide a number of rootlets in the best con¬ 
dition for absorbing nourishment; 3, the roots so encouraged enable the 
cultivator to supply double the amount of food to the trees it were 
possible to do were they restricted to the soil in which they were potted. 
Experiments, like medicine is taken, must be carried out in strict accord¬ 
ance with the instructions, and the regime prescribed be strictly adhered 
to, if the issue is to show well defined lines of safe guidance in practice. 
—G. Abbey. 
(To be continued.! 
WALDSTEINIA TRIFOLTA. 
Although introduced into this country many years ago Waldsteinia 
trifolia (fig. 15) is not so widely known as it should be. For planting 
in all sorts of positions, either in exposed places on the rockery, or 
in the deep shade of woods, it will be found very useful, as it grows in 
both equally well. 
It is also a very desirable plant for a place near the front of a mixed 
flower border. It is dwarf in habit, seldom attaining more than a 
foot in height. The loose corymbs of Buttercup-cup-like flowers are 
very attractive, and are developed profusely. The leaves, which are 
divided into three leaflets, are borne on creeping chiefly underground 
stems ; they are slightly airy and serrated at the margins. 
NURSERY NOTES. 
Messes. E. D. Shuttlewobth & Co. (Ld.). 
Beckham Rye is near enough to London for a call to he made at 
Messrs. Shuttleworth’s nursery there without a great sacrifice of time on 
the part of a busy man. The establishment is about half a mile from 
Honor Oak Station, on the L.C.D.Ry. The Company is a young one, 
and if the evidence of one’s eyes is to be believed it is going ahead very 
fast. In addition to a number of existing houses, three structures, 
100 feet by 36, are in course of erection, together with a range of pits 
and frames on original designs prepared by the active Chairman and 
Managing Director, Mr. Charles Hicks. The fact that the new houses 
are being erected by Messrs. Wrinch & Co. is suflBcient evidence of their 
•quality. With the increased facilities at command the Company will 
have improved chances of coping with its rapidly growing trade. 
Visitors to the International Horticultural Exhibition last year 
(where Messrs. Shuttleworth & Co. secured the highest honour which it 
was in the power of the Committee to award) and to the Drill Hall on 
various occasions can hardly have failed to remark the admirable con¬ 
dition in which the firm’s plants are invariably exhibited. Many fine 
specimens were amongst them, but, large or small, they were all excel¬ 
lently grown. The same condition of things is observable in the 
Beckham Rye nursery. Health and cleanliness prevail throughout, and 
the ruling principles in force are such as demand respect. “ Nothing is 
too small for attention, nothing too much trouble,” forms one of the 
leading mottoes, if such it can be termed; and courteous attention, 
without importunity to purchase, is another point on which great stress 
is laid. 
Balms and Cycads are very extensively grown. Such leading market 
kinds as Latania borbonica, Areca lutescens, A. Baueri, Bhoenix rupicola, 
B. flexuosa, B. tenuis. Cocos Weddelliana, Kentia Belmoreana, K. Forster- 
iana, K. Canterburyana, Oorypha australis, and Geonoma gracilis are 
cultivated in large numbers, and there are some very fine specimens of 
both the Latania and Kentia Forsteriana observable. Cycas revoluta is 
cultivated on a scale rarely seen. There are two large houses full of 
plants, all of goodly proportions and glistening with health. Crotons 
and Dracaenas form another leading feature. There are some fine plants 
-of D. lineata in tubs and a splendid stock of D. Lindeni, the plants 
being numerous and finely coloured. D. Goldieana and others are also 
well represented. Amongst the Crotons, which are in beautiful condi¬ 
tion, there are large stocks of Reidi, Morti, Queen Victoria, Exquisite, 
Laingi, and gracillimum. Messrs. Shuttleworth & Co. grow these plants 
extremely well, and in consideration of the fact that their popularity is 
increasing again, the policy is a wise one. 
Asparagus plumosus nanus forms another “ leading line ” at Beckham 
Rye, there being abundance of clean and healthy young plants awaiting 
the orders that will come in due course. Araucaria excelsa and A. glauca 
are also in strong evidence, the former in particular. The stock is large 
and the plants in the best possible condition. Aralia Sieboldi and its 
variegated form are extensively cultivated, and nothing but praise can 
be found for the condition of the plants. Aspidistra lurida variegata 
is another plant in constant demand, and it is to be seen in the same 
FIG. 15.— WALDSTEINIA TRIFOLIA. 
condition as the others. Specially noteworthy are some stately plants of 
Aralia Chabrieri, with its dark glossy leafage and stems. It is particu¬ 
larly effective in a group of plants, and was prominent in Messrs. 
Shuttleworth’s group at the Crystal Balace Chrysanthemum Show. 
Ferns have special attention, and the leading kinds are present in large 
numbers and good quality. 
Amongst flowering plants are observable large mumbers of Azalea 
indica and mollis. The latter is forced very extensively, and early 
batches are now coming into bloom. Lilies of the Valley are also forced 
on an enormous scale. Double Brimulss for cutting and Carnations for 
stock, including the valuable Winter Cheer, hold prominent places. A 
number of plants of Boronia megastigma shed delicious fragrance in a 
large house. If Messrs. Shuttleworth’s stock of it were distributed over 
as many amateurs’ greenhouses what a delightful feature would be 
added to them. Sonerila orientals variegata is not in full bloom, but 
its foliage is attractive, and a few stray blossoms bespeak its beauty 
when in flower. A very large number of Gardenia intermedia is grown, 
and the plants, which are pictures of health and cleanliness, are just 
plumping up their flower buds. Bot Roses, though not in bloom, are 
largely and well represented, while the same remark applies to Eucharises. 
Of Orchids large and healthy stocks of Cattleyas, Cypripediums, Odonto- 
glossums, and other popular kinds are discoverable, numbers of spikes 
showing in a cool house. 
Roses, fruit trees, shrubs, and hardy plants are not grown at the 
Beckham Rye Nursery but at Fleet in Hampshire, where another large 
establishment belonging to the firm exists. Of these the Journal repre¬ 
sentative can only speak from the specimens he has seen at the various 
shows. These, however, are sufficient to convince him that when the 
time for a journey from Fleet Street to Fleet arrives he will find there 
the same excellent practice as prevails in the London stronghold. 
