192 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
( llaich 9, 1893. 
regard expenditure as a profitable investment as far as circum¬ 
stances permit. Against waste even in small things they resolutely 
set they faces, and their practical knowledge enables them to deter¬ 
mine the cost and value of undertakings, and the return that should 
rightly accrue from expenditure. Half - pay captains and 
impecunious college chums cannot be compared with such men as 
wealth producers, for they know not the way; while the latitude 
given to many lawyers in the conduct of estates from a cultural 
and productive point of view is an anomaly. 
I regret as much as my correspondent can do the decadence of 
estates and unproductive expenditure for personal gratification 
when matters of far greater importance are neglected. My friend 
is a Spartan in character, and as a stern utilitarian no doubt believes 
the old ways in working for profit are better than the new methods 
that have become established. I will ask him which he prefers 
of the following representative types :— 
Old. 
Man to the plough. 
Wife to the cow, 
Girl to the sow, 
Boy to the mow, 
And your rents wi 1 be netted. 
—J. W. 
New. 
Man tally-ho, 
Miss piano, 
Wife silk and satin, 
Boy Greek and Latin, 
And you’ll be gazetted. 
FLOWERS AND PLANTS FOR AUTUMN. 
Michaelmas Daisies are suitable for decorative purposes in the 
cut state. The species I grow most extensively is Aster Amellus, 
which is distinct and continues in flower until cut down by 
frost. A. versicolor is also valuable, and the two late flowering 
species A. nov^-angliae and A. novi-belgi are particularly good. 
Eryngium maritimum is another useful plant for cut purposes, and 
the same may be said of Helenium pumilum. Chrysocoma 
Lynosyrisisnotso valuable as Helenium pumilum, but it is well worth 
growing, and so is Rudbeckia Newmanni. Some of the Delphiniums 
are very useful during the autumn, but whether they are in 
flower or not at this time depends greatly on the summer treat¬ 
ment. Either do not let the plants bloom in summer, or if they 
do this cut down the stalks immediately after flowering. D. for- 
mosum is perhaps the most useful of any. Solidago canadensis is 
serviceable, and so is Chrysanthemum maximum. The best 
Chrysanthemums we yet have are such as Precocite and the 
Madame Desgranges family. Of these a large number ought 
to be grown, I also like to have a few Fancy Pansies and 
Tropaeolums, T. canariense being quite indispensable. Spotted 
Mimulus are also pretty and last well, and the value of Roses is 
well known. 
Among the flowers cultivated under glass Celosia pyramidalis 
is of much value, and Ivy-leaved Pelargoniums are useful. Sou¬ 
venir de Chas. Turner, Galilee, Madame Thibaut, Le Printemps, 
and Madame Crousse being especially good. Single yellow Tuberous 
Begonias will prove serviceable, and Countess of Aberdeen Fuchsia 
is an excellent variety when used in a cut state. Liliums, too, 
should be grown extensively, especially Lilium speciosum and 
L. auratum. Allamanda Hendersoni, Eucharis amazonica, and 
Bougainvillea glabra should likewise be grown for providing cut 
flowers. 
Of foliage, the most suitable for decorating is Maidenhair Fern. 
If the plants have been kept in an airy vinery throughout the 
summer the fronds will last in a good condition for a long period. 
Asparagus tenuissimus and A. plumosus are also valuable. Smilax 
is useful, and plants may be obtained from seed sown in spring 
and grown quickly. Like the Asparagus and Fern, this is of the 
very easiest culture. Coloured Crotons and Dracaenas are both of 
great value. Commoner material will be found in the foliage of 
Gladioli, German Irises, Solomon’s Seal (especially when the berries 
begin to colour), and Thalictrum minus. I also employ Dahlia 
shoots with buds, Azara microphylla. Brambles, Sedges, Rushes, 
Reeds, and Bimboos, and occasionally the foliage of Pampas 
Grass, 
In cases where many plants are needed for apartments this 
is the time to commence getting together a sufficient stock. There 
are a few good flowering plants that are quite easy to grow, and 
which can be dispensed with if the ordeal of a week in a hot room 
proves too much for them. But, as a rule, by observing the 
adaptability of various plants one can save them for future use by 
changing at short intervals. In this way I make a practice of 
having a large number of Zonal Pelargoniums of purple or lilac 
shades, tinted rose being unsuitable. The best varieties I have 
are Brilliant, Freya, Chas. Mason, Rev. H. Harris, reds ; Stella 
Massey, like Apple blossoms ; Lily, nearly a white ; Amy Amphett, 
white ; Constance, pink ; Helen Clarke, and Sissie, salmon. A 
few good doubles are M. Bruant, Meteor, L. Constable, Herrnine, 
F. V. Raspail, and Gloire de France. Double Ivy-leaved Pelargoniums 
are useful, the best for the purpose being Madame Thibaut, Le 
Printemps, Alice Crousse, Madame Crousse, and Galilee. Small 
plants of Fuchsias are also good, especially Countess of Aberdeen, 
which is an excellent decorative plant. I also like Rose of 
Castille for this purpose, and of doubles the very best I have tried 
is Mrs. E. G. Hill, the habit of this variety being perfect. Begonias 
are also serviceable for autumn, but though seedlings of the same 
year are, as a rule, too small, plants two years old are first-rate. These 
may be grown in a cold frame, and they make sturdy plants with 
little trouble, I also use a few of the double varieties, such as 
Rosamonde, Fuljurant, Louis d’Or, and others which are plentiful. 
B. Weltoniensis and B. Carrier! are both first-rate, and the ever- 
blooming and beautiful B. Gloire de Sceaux may be also used. 
Celosias pyramidalis and plumosa are quite indispensable. They 
are easy to cultivate, are of great beauty, and bear rough treatment 
almost with impunity. I grew several good strains last year, but 
I think of the whole none is so fine as the Drumlanrig Yellow, 
which is of a fine gold shade. A few well-grown plants of Cam¬ 
panula pyramidalis, more particularly the white-flowered form, do 
good service in early autumn. Lilium auratum and Lilium 
speciosum it is most necessary to have as pot plants. Good sized 
bulbs can be grown in 5 and in 6 inch pots, but when grown in 
such small pots they require to be well fed and generally well 
treated. Carnations are not so much appreciated in the autumn. 
I have had plants in pots at that season, and they were most 
serviceable. In March I intend to pot some layers for flowering 
in the forthcoming autumn. Good plants can be well grown in 
6-inch pots, and for the very strongest 7-inch pots are large 
enough. I also like to have small plants of Harrison’s Musk, 
Campanula isophylla alba. Lobelias Lady McDonald and Wave of 
Blue. 
Foliage plants include Palms and specimens from 4 to 6 feet in 
height, of the variegated and green Ficus elastica. Pandanus 
Veitchi is so serviceable that a large number of this is always worth 
trying to secure. Dracaenas indivisa, Veitchi, rubra, Lindeni, 
ferrea, Cooperi, and superba ; Crotons interruptum, aureum, 
angustifolium, Johannis, and Countess are perhaps the best of these 
plants. Grevillea robusta grown rapidly from seed sown in early 
spring or from cut-back specimens is a useful plant, and so is the 
green-leaved Cyperus alternifolius, which is most readily raised by 
means of seed. Seed of C. distans sown in spring produce good 
plants by the autumn. The Aspidistras ought to be divided in 
the spring and grown all the summer in a moist heat and shade. 
Asparagus plumosus is best raised from seed sown in spring, and old 
plants of A. tenuissimus trained to a single tall stake are very 
effective. They keep in good condition grown in 6-inch pots pro¬ 
vided stimulants are given aad no neglect in watering occurs. 
Plants of Ficus repens in small pots and with long drooping 
stems, along with a good supply of Panicum variegatum, and of 
Smilax grown from spring-sown seeds, are most useful. I always 
grow a number of Caladiums in small pots, and through the summer 
the plants do well in a cool house. It is astonishing how well the 
apparently delicate foliage keep when in rooms. A supply of 
Coleuses helps wonderfully, and the best variety for the purpose is 
La Tete d’Or. The habit of this is dwarf, leaf well developed, and 
the foliage is beautifully coloured. An abundance of Maidenhair 
Ferns is imperative, and they are easily grown. Along with the above 
Isolepis gracilis may be named as a very useful little plant. It can 
either be raised from seeds or by division of the plants in spring. 
In addition to those mentioned there are other valuable plants, 
but I think the foregoing will be found a good selection to 
get together to assist a gardener through the busy months of the 
autumn.—R. N. 
WELLINGTONIAS vebsus AUSTRIAN PINES 
AS WIND TREES. 
Recently I noticed in the Journal of Horticulture (page 154) 
Mr. Molyneux drawing attention to the unsuitableness of Welling- 
tonias for exposed positions, or to form screens against high winds 
and gales, and I can quite bear out what he says. As at Swan- 
more, we too are subject at different seasons to heavy gales from 
the south-west, and in each instance where these trees are exposed 
to them they form a one-sided and unsightly appearance, while 
others planted about the same time but in more sheltered places 
grow freely and form handsome specimens. Mr. Molyneux has 
done well in warning intending planters against using Wellingtonias 
in such exposed positions ; but I will go a little farther, and advise 
