300 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ April 13, 1893. 
properties of the Citron, and in one instance he could corroborate the 
views set f >rth in this respect. 
Phillip Crowley, Esq., who occupied the chair.and whom the Rev. W. 
Wilksdescrined as the best Citron grower iu England, briefly allu led to his 
method of culture, and retnarke 1 that he had grown Citrons successfully 
for several years. The fruit made excellent preserves, far superior to 
the ordinary marmalade, and he thought that the Citron should be more 
extensively grown under glass in this country. 
Sir John Llewelyn, Bart., alluded historically to the trees in the 
Margam orangery, in Glamorganshire, and made a suggestion to the 
effect that although ancient figures of the Citron were found in Egypt 
it did not necessarily follow that the trees were cultivated at those 
periods in that country. Fruits, he said, may have been brought into 
the country from other lands and drawings made of them. 
PRIMULA GALYGINA. 
This Primula (fig 58) has long been known in gardens, where it is 
often confounded with P. Wulfeniana, a totally different plant, and 
from which it is easily distinguished, even without the aid of flowers, by 
its longer and very irregularly margined leaves. It grows readily 
enough on the rockery in almost any position, but unless in exposed 
situations is rather a shy flowerer, and some can only manage to flower 
it by giving it a good roasting during the summer months, meanwhile 
supplying water very sparingly. It seems to prefer being wedged 
between hard pieces of granite in a rich stiffish soil. 
It forms rosettes of long ovate-lanceolate leaves, of a half-weathered 
green colour, perfectly glabrous and shining, with a curiously wavy 
margin. The flowers are large, of a beautiful clear lilac, generally 
three or four to~ether on short stalks, at the base of which are long 
linear bracts. Calyx about an inch long, with narrow bluntish sepals. 
It is a native of the southern Alps, and flowers generally in May and 
June. 
SPRING FLOWER SHOWS. 
BIRMINGHAM.— April 5th and 6th. 
The thirteenth annual Exhibition was held in the Town Hall on the 
oth and 6th inst., and the Judges, exhibitofs, and visitors pronounced it 
to be the best spring Show yet held at Birmingham. It was generally 
thought, owing to the hot weather experienced for several days, that 
there would be but a moderate display of Hyacinths and Tulip^ but all 
fears on this score were groundless, and each of the seven classes for 
these plants were well filled. 
In the class for eighteen Hyacinths Mr. J. Palmer, gardener to Wm. 
Bown, Esq., was first, and among these were fine examples of King of 
the Blues, Czar Peter, and Lord Macaulay. Mr. \V. H. Dyer, gardener 
to Mrs. Marigold, was second, showing very fine specimens of King of 
the Blues and Koh-i-noor. There were five entries in this class. For 
twelve Hyacinths there were six competitors. First, Mr. John Priest, 
gardener to A. W. Hu se, E-q., with Von Schiller, Blundin, King of the 
Blues, Grande Maitre, Mont Blanc, and Koh-i-noor, Second, Mr. T. 
Beasley, gardener to N. Thwaites. Esq. For six Hyacinths Mr. Hulse 
was again first and Mrs. Marigold second j there were six exhibitors 
in this class. 
The Tulips throughout were well grown. For six pots of single 
Tulips, five roots in a pot, Mrs. Marigold was first, the White Joost 
Van Vondel, Ophir d’Or, Proserpine, Vermillion Brilliant, Joost Van 
Vondel, and Keizers Kroon, all being very fine. Second, N. Thwaites, E-q. 
Lily of the Valley in moderate sized pots were plentiful and good, 
and there were large handsome spscimens of Dielytras, Spiraeas, 
Deutzias, and Azalea mollis. The specimens of Azalea indica were unusu¬ 
ally fine and formed a marked feature. For six specimens Mr. 
P. McGregor, gardener 'o Mrs, Grice, Harborne, was first; W. Bown, 
Esq., second ; and Mr. Cryer, gardener to J. A. Kenrick, Esq , Berrow 
Court, third. For three specimen Azaleas Mr. L. Fewkes, gardener 
to T. Clayton, Esq , Castle Bromwich, w->8 first; Mr. Brasiere, gardener 
to Sir Thomas Martineau, second ; and W. Biwn, E-iq., third. For six 
stove and greenhouse plants in flower. Sir Thomas Martineau was 
first with some fine specimens, incluoing Pimelea spectabilis and a 
grand Hydrangea Thomas Hogg nearly 3 feet in diameter. Some 
remarkably fine pyramidal specimens of Genista fragrans were shown, 
ranging from 4 to 6 feet in height, and well flowered ; J. B. Manley, 
Esq , took the fir.st prize. 
Prizes were offered for a group of Orchids, arranged with Ferns or 
foliage plants, in a space not exceeding 40 square feet, and two fine 
collections were staged. Mr. Burberry, Orchid grower to the R ght 
Hon. Joseph Chamberlain, M.P., Highbury, staged a very fine group, 
which obtained the first prize. An artificial tree was erected, and the 
Orchids so arranged as to show the manner in which some of the species 
grow in other countries. Amongst the Orchids in this group were a 
very fine plant of Lselia anceps grand flora (Highbury variety); L. 
ancepa Williarasi, Lycaste Skinneri alba, Cattleya Mendeli^ C. Schioe leri, 
C. Tiiame (Archduchess variety), and C. Trianae pallida ; D.-uidro- 
binm luteolum, D. nobile Cooksoni, and D. nobile giganteum ; D. suavis- 
simum, very r ch in colour ; and D. lituiflorum, a lovely species ; 
Angrtecum Sandenanum, the curious Resirepia antennitera, Chysis 
bractescens, and the lovely Lselia flava. Second, W. Bown, Esq., with 
a very pretty group, and in it were some choice kinds. 
For six Orchids, iona jide specimens, Mr. Bown secured first prize, 
showing fine plants of Cypripedium villosum aureum, with forty open 
blooms ; a grand variety of Cymbidium Lowianum, with eighty open 
flowe.s ; L)ca3fe Skinneri, Dendrobium Wardianum, Cattleya Law- 
renciana, very rich in colour, and Dendrobium Ainsworthi, profusely 
flowered. The Right Hon. Joseph Chamberlain was second. For three 
Orchids the Right Hon. Joseph Chamberlain was first with a very large 
pan of Ccelogyne cristata, Dendrobium thyrsiflorum in a small pot and 
with nine large racemes, and Dendrobium Falconer!. For a single 
specimen Orchid Mr. W. Bown was first with a superb plant of 
Cymbidium eburneum, with forty spikes of flowers. Second, the Right 
Hon. J. Chamberlain with a large Sobralia macrantha. Third, J. H. 
Kenneth, Esq., with a very fine Dendrobium nobile. 
Some pretty groups of plants were staged in competition. J. N. 
Kenrick, Esq., being first, Mrs. Marigold second, and Sir Thomas 
Martineau third ; and two extra prizes were also awarded. Messrs. 
Pope & Sods, nurserymen, &c., were first for a ballroom bouquet in 
the open class. Messrs. Thomson & Co., nursery and seedsmen, gave 
liberal special prizes for eighteen Hyacinths, and there were nine com¬ 
petitors. Mr. John Priest, gardener to A. W. Hulse, Esq . was first ; 
N. Thwaites, E»q., second; Mrs. Marigold third, and Sir Thomas 
Martineau fourth. Messrs. Thomson & Co. also offered special prizes 
for twelve pots of Tulips, and the exhibits were of a very satisfactory 
character. First, Mrs. Marigold ; second, N. Thwaites, E-q. ; third, 
A. VV. Hulse, Esq. Messrs. Thomson & Co, and Messrs. Sutton & Sons 
also gave special prizes for their strains of Cinerarias, and the latter 
firm for their superb strain of Cyclamen. Messrs. R. Smith & Co., 
Worcester, offered special prizes for twelve Lilium Harris! ; Messrs. 
Webb & Sons for Cinerarias ; Messrs. Pope & Sons for specimens of 
Hydrangea Thomas Hogg ; and Mr. R Sydenham, Tniby Street, for 
twelve pots of Narcissirs, Mr. A. W. Hulse being first, Mr. N. Thwaites 
second, and Mr. G. H. Kenrick third. 
The honorary exhibits were numerous, sufficient to make a pretty 
exhibition by themselves. Messrs. Cutbush & Son, Highgate Nurseries, 
London, contributed a large group of new double Ghent Azaleas, 
Azalea mollis, new ImantophyHums, Ericas, and other greenhouse 
plants. Messrs. Ryder & Co., The Nurserie.t, Sale, Manchrs er, sent a 
large collection of Primula Sieboldi. Messrs. Peter Barr & Son, nursery 
and seedsmen, London, sent a good collection of leading Narcissi, 
amongst them J. B. M. Camm, Lady Grosvenor, Marchioness of Lome, 
M. J. Berkeley, deep golden yellow and very fine ; Queen of Spain, 
Barri conspicua, C. J. Backhouse, Mr. H. J. Elwes, and Minnie Hume, 
a sweet scented variety. Messrs. Dicksons (Limited), Chester, contributed 
a group of Narcissi of leading varieties and cut blooms of many interest¬ 
ing plants, such as Epigtea repens. Anemone pulsatilla, Muscari 
botryoides pallida and alba, Fritillaria meleagris angn^tifolia, &c. 
Messis. R. Smith & Co., Worcester, staged a laige gr. up of Clematis, 
hardy Azaleas, Rhododendrons, Japanese Maples, and other plants. 
Messrs. Hewitt & Co., The Nurseries, bolihuP, hid a tastefully 
arranged group of plants, including Narcissi, Ericas, Azalea mollis, the 
handsome hybrid Ghent Azalea Daviesiana, a pure white Caladium, and 
other plants, also some Narcissi and Mignonette iu pots, Messrs. 
Thomson & Co., nurserymen and seedsmi-n, had a large and admirably 
arranged group, with a centre of Japanese Maples and Lilium Harris!, 
and a pretty display of Azalea mollis, Lily of the Valley, Narcissi, 
Palms and various other plants. This firm also exhibited a large and 
very beautiful floral design, an Irish harp. Messrs. Pope & Sons, 
nurserymen and seedsmen, contributed eight arrangements of Narcissi, 
Ferns, and foliage as shower bouquets, one variety in each, and these 
were very handsome, and were in the centre of a group of plants. 
Mr. Robert Sydenham, Tenby Street, staged some fine Hyacinths. 
There were new varieties amongst them, such as King of Yellows, a 
handsome variety ; Etna, a deep rose, large handsome bells and fine 
spike, a fine semi-double variety ; King of Bines, extra fine; Morena, 
similar in colour to Norma, but with a much finer spike, and is a great 
acquisition, but has a tendency to lose its brightness of c dour somewhat 
early ; Peter Barr, a lovely purple with white centre ; Princess of 
Wales, a new rich rose-coloured variety and a fine spike. Koh-i-noor was 
shown very fine indeed, some with spikes nearly a foot in depth; 
Princess Amelia, resembling Grandeur A Merveille, and wnen seen fine 
is a decided acquisition; Duchess of Edinburgh, a pale pink, a 
very charming variety with a grand spike and well finished top ; 
Cardinal Wiseman, another new variety, like Fabioia in colnur, but 
with a bold fine spike, and is fine for exhibition. Pink Perfection 
is quite a distinct shade of colour, white with a rich lavender shaded 
pink base. Some fine pots of Tulips were staged with the H^aenths, 
including some newer kinds; also some Narcissi, including Queen 
of Spain, a lovely variety. 
ROYAL CALEDONIAN.— April 5th and 6th. 
Never since the time the leading Scottish Horticultural Society left 
the dingy Music Hall in George Street for the spaciou.'i, wdl lighted 
Waverley Market, has there been brighter weather for a Sfijing Snow 
than there was last week on the above occasion. Oue naminjl ex¬ 
pected that so fine a season would have brought out an Exiitition 
correspondingly exceptional. But thtre have been better shown held 
in worse seasons. To the nurserymen of the city who coutribu ed freely 
much of the success of the Show was due. 
Nothing in the building could compare with the charming group of 
