488 
[ June 15, 18&-3. 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER, 
Mr. B. B. Cant was awarded the premier prize for twelve blooms 
of any light Hybrid Perpetual, showing a splendid stand of Madame 
Gabriel Luizet, Messrs. D. Prior & Sons were second with La France, 
and Mr. C. Turner, Royal Nurseries, Slough, third, with Madame Gabriel 
Luizet. Mr. Frank Cant secured the leading position for twelve dark 
Hybrid Perpetuals, showing splendidly coloured Horace Vernet. Mr. 
C. Turner was second with Marie Baumann, and Mr. B. R. Cant third 
with A. K. Williams. Mr. W. Mease was first for twelve bunches 
of garden Roses, the Rev. J. H. Pemberton, Havering-atte-Bower, Essex, 
being second. 
In the amateurs’ class for twelve Roses in distinct varieties, three 
trusses of each, Mr. J. Bradbury, gardener to S. P. Budd, Esq., Gay 
Street, Bath, was awarded the first prize. The varieties staged were 
Gabriel Luizet, Madame Cusin, Princess of Wales (good), A. K. Williams, 
Caroline Kuster, Prince Arthur, Edith Gifford, Comtesse de Nadaillac, 
The Bride, Mons. Noman, Innocente Pirola (good), and Alfred Colomb. 
J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., Woodford, Essex, was second with a creditable 
exhibit; and Mr. Mease, gardener to A. Tate, Esq., Downside, Leather- 
head, third. 
For twelve Roses in distinct varieties, one bloom of each, C. J. 
Grahame, Esq., Coombe Road, Croydon, was first, staging fine examples 
of La France, Victor Hugo, Madame Gabriel Luizet, Dupuy Jamain, 
Innocente Pirola, Gustave Piganeau, Viscountess Folkestone, Xavier 
Olibo, Edith Gifford, Souvenir de S. A. Prince, and Mrs. John Laing. 
J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., was second ; and Mr. J. Ba’eman, Rosevale, 
Aichway Road, Highgate, third. 
For twenty-four blooms in distinct varieties, the Rev. J. H. 
Pemberton, Havering-atte-Bower, Essex, was awarded the first prize 
for an excellent exhibit. His stand comprised La France, Duchess of 
Bedford, Maid of the Mist, A. K. Williams, Caroline Destout, Gustave 
Piganeau, Marchioness of Dufferin, Victor Hugo, Etoile de Lyon, 
Etienne Levet, The Bride, Marie Baumann, Duchess of Albany, Horace 
Vernet, Jeannie Dickson, Comte Raimbaud, Mons. E. Y. Teas, Comtesse 
de Nadaillac, Lady Mary Fitzwilliam, Lady Helen Stewart, Jean 
Ducher, Charles Darwin, Mrs. James Wilson, and Exposition de Brie. 
Mr. Bradbury was awarded the second,and R. L. Knight, Esq., Bobbing, 
Sittingbourne, third. There were six competitors in this class. In the 
class for twelve blooms of any Hybrid Perpetual, J. Gurney Fowler, 
Esq., was first with Mrs. John Laing; A. H. Gray Esq., Beaulieu, 
Newbridge, Bath, second with Madame Gabriel Luizet; and Mr. J. 
Bradbury third with the same variety. 
Mr. Chas. Turner, Royal Nurseries, Slough, was awarded first prize 
in the class for twelve bunches of garden Roses, including, amongst 
others, Turner’s Crimson Rambler, Boule de Neige, Lamarque, and 
W. A. Richardson. Messrs. G. Paul & Son, Old Nurseries, Ctieshunt, 
were awarded the second prize, and Messrs. G. Cooling & Son, nursery¬ 
men, Bath, the third. 
Miscellaneous exhibits were numerous and of a varied character. 
Messrs. Wm. Paul & Son, Waltham Cross, arranged a charming group 
of cut and pot Roses, prominent amongst which were Corinna, Duke of 
York, Marie Van Houtte, Antoine Ducher, Blanche Moreau (Moss), 
Hon. Edith Gifford, L’Ideale, and Madame P. Perny. An extra 
prize was awarded for this grand contribution, which was one of the 
finest collections of cut Roses we have seen. Messrs. D. Prior and 
Son staged a beautiful stand of Rose Wm. Allen Richardson “ not for 
competition,” and Messrs. G. Cooling & Son two boxes of old-fashioned 
garden Roses. 
Mr. T. S. Ware, Hale Farm Nurseries, Tottenham, staged some grand 
hardy flowers, including Gaillardias, Poppies, Spiraeas, Ixias, Delphi¬ 
niums, and Lilium Poulentia (certificate). Messrs. P. Barr & Son, King 
Street, Covent Garden, staged two fine groups of hardy flowers. Promi¬ 
nent amongst others in these exhibits were Delphiniums, Gladioli, Irises, 
Liliums, Iceland Poppies, Ixias, and Centaureas. Mr. H. B. May, 
Dyson’s Lane Nurseries, Upper Edmonton, arranged a very fine group of 
plants, inc’uding Palms, Clematises, Spirmas, Hydrangeas, Begonias, 
Aspidistras, and Irises. Mr. H. J. Jones, Ryecroft Nursery, Lewis¬ 
ham, S.E., exhibited a collection of Fancy and Show Pelargoniums. 
This was a very fine exhibit, the group including, amongst others, Jules 
Ferry, Eclipse, Sir Trevor Lawrence, President Harrison, Rose Queen, 
Countess, Princess May, Tommy Dodd, and Decorator. The same exhi¬ 
bitor also staged a basket of his fine Ivy-leaf Pelargonium Ryecioft 
Surprise, for which a certificate was adjudged. 
Mr. W. Rumsey, Joyning’s Nursery, Waltham Cross, sent six boxes 
of cut Roses not for competition, including Tea and other varieties. 
Messrs. H. Cannell & Son, Swanley, sent a fine collection of cut 
Begonias, and the blooms being staged in bunches attracted some 
attention. Messrs. J. Cheal & Sons, Crawley, had hardy flowers, Roses, 
and Violas in variety, as also did Mr. E. F. Such, Maidenhead. Mrs. 
M. Hodgkins, Didsbury, arranged a table of skeletonised leaves of 
flow’ers. Extra prizes were awarded to the foregoing, also to Miss M. 
Walton for table decorations. 
Mr. S. Moriimer, Rowledge, Farnham, staged a large collection of 
Tomatoes, Cucumbers, and Melons. Some of the latter were of splendid 
flavour, the best being Duke of York, green fleshed, rich and juicy ; 
Miss Etell, green flesh, fine flavour, and Isinglass, a grand scarlet fleshed 
variety of first-rate quality. These are new seedling varieties and will 
doubtless be heard of in the future. A silver-gilt medal was awarded 
for Mr. Mortimer’s contribution. Mr. T. Hardy, Ash House, Parson’s 
Green, S.W., staged some very fine Mushrooms, which had been grown 
outdoors on the ridge system, A silver medal was awarded for this 
exhibit. 
TOKK.FOIITHEWEEK.. 
HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. 
Summer Prunlngr Toung Fruit Trees. —Whatever the age of 
fruit trees there is generally some necessity during the growing season 
to curb excessive growth in order to equalise the vigour and prevent its 
accumulation in a few specially favoured parts. It is also essential 
that superfluous shoots should be early dispensed with, that they may not 
become robbers of sap to an undue extent. The judicious suppression of 
weak, crowded, misplaced and gross wood will render the training of 
trees in the desired forms much easier of accomplishment, as well as 
concentrate the vigour in the special parts needing it, with a view to a 
proper balance of growth and productiveness in the future. 
Maiden Trees. —Laterals sometimes form in the axils of the principal 
leaves and extend. When such appear they should be cut back to one 
leaf, further extension subsequently also being restricted to one leaf. 
The stock on which the leading growth was worked ought especially 
to be kept clear of superfluous growths. Latent buds may push growth 
sometimes during the season. Remove them promptly. No shortening 
of the stem or leader should be done during the summer. 
Pyramids. —Stop the side shoots on the main branches to four leaves, 
and subsequent growths from them to one leaf. The upright leader and 
the extremities of the chief branches may be topped when a foot or 
more long. The branches must be sufficiently far apart to permit the 
sun’s rays to reach the leaves. Overcrowding of the growths in summer 
is inimical to productiveness. 
Bush Trees. —The main object with these is to keep the growths 
thin. Summer prune as above advised, but do not cut back short- 
jointed shoots that may be developing a fruiting bud at the point. 
Open bush trees are generally allowed more freedom. Thin crowded 
shoots; any crossing or interfering with adjoining growths are better 
cut out entirely. Their removal will improve the shape of the trees, 
and the admission of sun and air to the centres of the bushes will be 
better effected to the permanent advantage of foliage, wood, and fruit. 
Horizontally-trained Trees. —Two-year-old trees producing side shoots 
on the main stems may have these shortened back to four leaves when 
the latter have attained full size. Sub-laterals forming afterwards pinch 
to one leaf. Shoots originating from latent buds on the upright central 
stem may, if well placed, also be pinched and closely shortened in 
autumn for forming spurs. Avoid retaining too many. The extension 
of the leaders will be accelerated by pinching the side shoots, sometimes 
causing the leader of the central stem to grow rapidly. The opportunity 
may then be embraced of pinching it at a point where a fresh pair of 
side stems are to be originated. Two pairs are thus easily secured in one 
season. 
Cordon Trees. —The side growths originating on the lower parts of 
young trees, trained either upright, horizontally, or obliquely, must be 
shortened to the fourth good leaf. The leading growths seldom need 
shortening, but the exceptionally vigorous may have their points pinched 
when the growths exceed 15 inches, or they may be depressed. This 
arrests vigorous growth, and concentrates the sap in the lower buds. It 
also assists the development of side growths, which having produced six 
good leaves are pinched to four for the production of fruiting spurs. 
Standard Trees. — This form of tree in the course of formation 
requires a certain amount of summer pruning. When the stem has to 
be formed from a maiden tree side shoots are allowed to form on the 
single upright shoot as it extends. Their presence adds materially to 
the thickening of the stem if they are summer pruned similar to other 
growths. In winter they are cut clean away. After the required 
height of the future stem has been reached the growth above that point 
must be allowed to develop half a dozen full sized leaves, and then be 
suppressed by pinching above that number. Lateral shoots will 
certainly push, to be cut back in winter for the formation of main 
branches the following year. 
Propagratlngr Strawberries for Forcing:. —Strawberries for pot 
culture and forcing purposes require to be propagated early, the present 
month being the best time. Select runners from strong plants which 
have during the season given indications that they are not barren. As 
the plantlets become large enough peg the first and strongest produced 
on the surface of good loamy soil, firmly compressed in 3-inch pots 
placed in convenient positions. Afford water to maintain the soil 
moist and to encourage rooting. When this is well accomplished detach 
the runners from the parent plants, and set the pots on a moist base of 
coal ashes in a sunny position, where they will soon fill the pots with 
roots ready for transference to 5 and 6-inch pots for fruiting. 
General Work. —Continue to thin fruit where the crops are heavy. 
Make constant warfare with insects. Assist old-established or feeble 
trees with liquid manure. The roots will appropriate a considerable 
quantity if the soil be moist with positive benefit. Wall trees 
frequently suffer from lack of moisture in the soil. Dry seasons cause 
excessive evaporation from the foliage, which then makes extra demands 
upon the roots, the latter upon the food stores in the soil. Any defi¬ 
ciency is then felt throughout the tree’s system, and pests of various 
