6 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ July 7, 18*2. 
depend so much upon other circumstances. To obtain my certificates it 
took two or three years’ preparation, which I always look back upon 
with pleasure.— Robt. Mackellar, Clieadle. 
[Our correspondent is to be congratulated on his success. He had 
been trained in the art of gardening, and had considerable experience 
in gardens prior to his examination, whereas the students to whom he 
refers had no training of the kind whatever. Prior to October last 
few of them had any knowledge in gardening, and had taken little 
or no interest in it, and the examination was the result of attending 
a course of twelve lectures during the winter months. The questions 
were formulated by the competent examiners from a list of the 
subjects treated, as supplied to them by the lecturer. The result is 
considered as both satisfactory and ec^ouraging.l 
TOWN ROSES. 
So much has been written on Roses of late that one feels it 
almost necessary to offer an apology for taking up the pen to add 
to the already abundant literature on the subject, and yet day by 
day we receive letters seeking information on various points in 
Rose culture, which show that the writers have not met with the 
information they stand in need of or have failed to understand it. 
The most numerous queries that reach us relate to the manage¬ 
ment of Roses in and around large towns, and to that phase of 
the subjec" I propose at the present moment to give my attention. 
Even in and around large towns the disadvantages which 
vegetable life have to contend with vary to a considerable extent. 
Dense smoke is not always the most inimical of these. The 
existence of certain chemical works filling the air with the noxious 
vapours they exhale are often more pernicious. We have known 
Roses and other plants prosper fairly well amidst dust and smoke, 
but succumb rapidly after the working of a manufactory of 
chemicals. If the latter exist extensively, and the consequences 
of the mischief they produce cannot be modified by scientific or 
other means, we fear the cultivation of Roses within their influence 
will give little satisfaction. But mere smoke, the smoke rising from 
the consumption of ordinary coke and coal, unless in unusual 
quantities, may be met and negatived to more or less extent by 
proceedings which, if costly, may yet compensate for the trouble 
and expense incurred. 
In very smoky districts we would not recommend the cultivation 
of Roses otherwise than under glass. A span-roofed house, the 
slopes facing east and west, the top lights removeable, is recom¬ 
mended for this purpose. It should be heated with 4-inch pipes, 
and the plants may be either planted in beds or kept in pots. In 
districts less smoky the plants may be placed in beds or borders out 
of doors. As in both cases it is the pursuit of Rose growing under 
difficulties, no point should be missed that is likely to minimise the 
existing disadvantages. A good soil should be secured for them to 
grow in. A careful regulation of the temperature and moisture 
should be secured for the plants indoors, and shelter in spring and 
winter be provided for those out of doors. Cleanliness is in both 
cases very important. Not only keeping the plants free from 
insects by smoking or washing, but keeping the leaves free from 
sediments of various kinds should be sedulously attended to. A 
good syringe is an indispensable instrument for this purpose, and 
a solution of softsoap and quassia forms an excellent wash. Never 
allow dirt of any kind to remain settled on the leaves, nor allow 
any insects to rest there long enough to look upon the plants as a 
home. 
Perhaps one of the greatest mistakes made when about to grow 
Roses in smoky and other unfavourable districts is in an unfortu¬ 
nate or injudicious choice of plants and sorts. Free-breathing 
Roses are wanted for smoky districts, as free rooting Roses are 
wanted for heavy soils. But little attention has hitherto been paid 
to these distinctions, although the practical cultivator knows how 
important they are. First let me offer a list of sorts that appear 
most likely to flourish in and around large towns. 
Fifty Roses for Very Smoky Districts to be Grown 
Under Glass. 
Moss .—Crimson Globe and Zenobia. 
Hybrid China , &c .—Charles Lawson, Chenedole, Coupe d'Heb6, 
Paul Perras, Paul Ricaut, and Paul Yerdier. 
Hybrid Perpetual .—Albert la Blotais, Alphonse Soupert, Anna 
Alexieff, Anna de Diesbach, Baroness Rothschild, Boule de Neige, 
Captain Christy, Charles Dickens, Charles Lamb, Counte s of 
Rosebery, Countess of Oxford, Crown Prince, Dupuy Jamain, 
Edward Morren, Elizabeth Yigneron, Ella Gordon, General Jacque¬ 
minot, Heinrich Schultheis, Inigo Jones, Jean Rosenkrantz, John 
Hopper, Jules Margottin, La France, Madame Cesar Brunier, 
Madame Clemence Joigneaux, Magna Charta, Marchioness of 
Lome, Merveille de Lyon, Mrs. John Laing, Paul Neyron, Pride 
of Waltham, Ulrich Brunner, Victor Yerdier, and Yiolette Bouyer. 
Noisette. —Bouquet d’Or. 
Tea-scented and Hybrids. —Cheshunt Hybrid, Climbing Niphetos, 
Gloire de Dijon, Madame Berard, The Bride, Sunset, and White 
Lady. 
Fifty Roses for Less Smoky Districts for Beds or 
Borders Out of Doors. 
Moss. —Baron de Wassenaer and Captain Ingram. 
Damask. —La Ville de Bruxelles. 
Alba. —Celestial. 
Gallica. —Cyntbie,Duches3of Buccleuch, Ohl,and Surpasse Tout. 
Rugosa. —Mme. Georges Bruant. 
Perpetual Scotch. —Stanwell. 
Hybrid Perpetual. —Alphonse Soupert, Anna Alexieff, Antoine 
Mouton, Baroness Rothschild, Boule de Neige, Centifolia Rosea, 
Coquette des Blanches, Dr. Andry, Duke of Edinburgh, Gabriel 
Tournier, Garden Favourite, General Jacqueminot, Gloire de 
Margottin, Glory of Waltham, Hippolyte Jamain, Jean Cherpin, 
La Duchesse de Moray, La France de ’89, Lord Bacon, Mme. Isaac 
Pereire, Magna Charta, Mrs. John Laing, Paul Neyron, Prince 
Arthur, Pxincess Louise Victoria, and Prosper Laugier. 
Bourbon. —Mme. Baron Veillard and Mme. Desprez, Robusta, 
Sir J. Paxton, and Souvenir de Malmaison. 
Noisette. — Aimee Yibert, Celine Forestier, Reve d’Or, and 
Wm. Allen Richardson. 
Tea-scented and Hybrids —Gloire de Dijon, Grace Darling, Pink 
Rover,'Reine Marie Henriette, and Waltham Climber. 
Thus far of sorts : we have still a few words to say with 
regard to the selection of plants. Above all things avoid plants 
that have been made tender by the employment of excessive heat. 
In May of this year we were in a house of young Roses where 
the thermometer stood at 96° in the shade at half-past six o’clock 
in the evening. The grower very truly said “ that was the way to 
make them grow.” But is it the way to produce plants that will 
flourish in the future under the ordinary conditions of plant life ? 
We think not. What sort of men and women should we expect 
our children to become if in their infancy they were coddled in 
this manner ? Again, we have heard of plants from the north of 
Britain recommended on the ground that “ they are hardier than 
those brought up in the south.” This is a fallacy. The ripening 
of the wood is, as all experienced persons know, the true test 
of hardiness, and the shoots of Roses are not likely to ripen 
better in the north than in the south. Once more, plants that 
are overfed for the purpose of getting large and fat flowers 
for exhibition, and plants that are underfed through indolence 
or greed of gain, are equally objectionable. Everywhere, and 
always, but in town gardening especially, the purchaser should 
look for moderate well-ripened wood when purchasing his Roses ; 
he would do so if about to purchase Grape Vines or Peach trees, 
and this state of the wood is as important in the one case as in 
the other.— Wm. Paul, Pauls' Nurseries , Waltham Cross , Herts. 
IVY-LEAF PELARGONIUM SOUVENIR DE 
CHAS. TURNER. 
A few days ago, when visiting Crichel, Lord Alington’s charming 
place near Wim borne, I noticed a fine plant of this variety in the 
porch of the head gardener’s (Mr. Beck) roomy and very picturesque 
house, which is in the Swiss style of architecture. The plant in question 
had immense trusses of flowers, consisting of pips between 2 and 
3 inches across, the flowers being of a deep pink shade of colour, 
feathered maroon in the upper petals. It is quite an acquisition to this 
delightful and very easily managed race of Pelargoniums, and is well 
worthy of the name it bears. Souvenir de Chas. Turner, like Jeanne 
d’Arc (white suffused with light lavender) and many others of this 
interesting and very useful section, is well adapted for furnishing 
walls and pillars in greenhouse, conservatory, and glass corridors. 
Plants growing in 16-size pots in a compost of three parts good friable 
loam and one of leaf soil and pulverised cow manure, with a dash of 
coarse sand added, will cover a large space of wall or trellis in a short 
time. After the roots have pushed well into the soil surface dressings of 
Thomson’s or some other approved artificial manure laid on two or 
three times a week before applying clear water will prove very 
beneficial, promoting and sustaining a vigorous and floriferous growth 
in the plants not otherwise obtainable. Evidence of Lord Alington’s large, 
beautiful, and well kept gardens being presided over by a good all-round 
practitioner and a lover of a natural and beautiful style of arranging 
and planting trees and shrubs for effect, is plainly visible in every 
department indoors and out.—H. W. W. 
