September 29, 1892. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
287 
cropping qualities with size and good flavour, that I do not think any 
other Codlin approaches it. Ecklinville and Warner’s King are two 
indispensable varieties for all qualities of soil, Stirling Castle and 
Cellini for heavy soils only, and the same remark applies to Pott’s 
Seedling. The Queen is a beautiful variety, and does well on a light 
soil. Extra good also is Gascoigne’s Scarlet, a noble looking fruit, which 
keeps well but must hang a long time ou the tree. Of later varieties, 
those which always do well here are New Hawthornden, Fiogmore 
Prolific, Northern Greening, New Northern Greening, Mere de Menage, 
and Alfriston. With the exception of the Greenings, these are all of 
large size. If a small cooking Apple is required King of the Pippins 
ought to be selected. Blenheim Orange and Dumelow’s Seedling do not 
succeed, but on a heavy soil they are standard sorts. 
Dessert varieties ought to include Margaret, for eating off the tree, 
Irish Peach, Mr. Gladstone, Kerry Pippin, Ribston Pippin in quantity, 
Cox’s Orange, and any soft sorts that on trial do well. As a rule late 
hard Apples do not come to much in the north except when trained to 
a wall. 
As to planting the trees, do not order them until they are wanted, 
and when they come to hand plant them at once. If any unforeseen 
circumstance hinders planting keep the roots moist with damp litter 
until wanted. Nothing harms trees more than to keep shifting them 
about before planting. I got a good number of young trees last April, 
which on arrival had their roots dipped in a solution of soil and water, 
were then planted at once with some good compost about the roots, 
watered twice during dry weather, aDd all have done well. If they had 
been li ted sooner and laid in by the heels until wanted, the result would 
have been very different.—It. P. Brotherston. 
Emperor Alexander. 
This is a most desirable culinary Apple, being a good grower and 
a free cropper. The fruit is very large and of handsome outline, with 
a large eye deeply sunk in an evenly formed cavity and streaked with 
red on the side next the sun, the quality being such as to render it 
eligible for table use. Young espalier-trained trees are doing well here, 
and established trees, similarly trained, annually bear fine crops of extra 
fine fruit in the Palace Gardens, Salisbury, in which gardens Mr. Fred. 
Smith, the Lord Bishop of the Diocese’s excellent gardener, grows 
several approved varieties of the Apple to perfection.—H. W. W. 
Stirling Castle. 
I HAVE to-day, September 22ud, gathered some fine fruits of this 
handsome free-bearing Apple, the largest of which turned the scale at 
12 ozs. The tree is a good grower as well as a free cropper, character¬ 
istics not to be lost sight of in fruit trees of every description.— 
H. W. W. 
St. Edmund’s Pippin. 
In looking over Messrs. Yeitch’s Southfields nurseries the other day 
I came across this Apple for the first time, and think it should be more 
generally known. Young trees, two years old, are covered with good 
fruit above the medium size, and the flavour is much better than that 
of any Apple I know at this season. It was raised by Mr R. Harvey, 
Bury St. Edmunds, and received a first-class certificate from the Royal 
Horticultural Society on October 6th, 1875. It was described as richly 
flavoured, medium sized, resembling the Golden Russet, and ripe now. 
Growers who want a highly flavoured, free-bearing Apple should look 
out for this. Of course it must be on the Paradise stock.— 
H. Huntley. 
Keswick Codlin. 
I CAN certainly corroborate Sir John Sinclair’s statement respecting 
this good old Apple—viz., “ that it flourishes best on strong soil.” At 
least it is highly satisfactory here, and ours is a very strong soil, resting 
on a thick stratum of close, almost impervious, clay. We have two trees 
of this variety at least fifty years old, which to my knowledge bave only 
failed twice in eleven years to carry full crops of large clean fruit. 
During this time the trees have never had the least attention either with 
regard to pruning or manure. When renovating an old orchard here, 
in the autumn of 1890, we planted a maiden standard of Keswick Codlin 
on one of the stations, which had been previously well prepared. In the 
following spring all the shoots were cut back to well situated buds at 
the base, and by the following autumn the tree had made ten shoots 
from 30 to 36 inches long. This season’s growth has been equally tree, 
and it has all the appearance of carrying fruit next year. Possibly 
“ E. M.” could trace the failure of this variety with him to a chemical 
rather than a mechanical condition of his soil. 
Bess Pool. 
The advice so freely given a few years ago respecting the limitation 
of varieties should be carefully practised, for experience proves that 
free, regular-bearing varieties are sometimes rendered barren through 
uncontrollable atmospheric conditions, and that is the case in many 
localities this season. Bess Pool has the best of qualities as an Apple, 
but owing to its irregularity in bearing it should not be planted 
largely. We have, however, often found it exceedingly useful in 
Beasons of scarcity like the present, owing to the fact that it blooms 
at least a fortnight later than most varieties, and thus esC’pes the late 
spring frost. It is recorded in Dr. Hogg’s “ Fruit Manual ” that “ one 
season, when Apples wt-re scarce, the fruit of seven trees sold at 7s. 6d. 
a peck, and male £70, or an average of £10 a tree.” It would thus 
seem that this variety is oIGn found bearing in scarce seasons. It is a 
Btrong grower, and does not bear in a young state, even as cordons 
on the Paradise stock. 
Cox’s Orange Pippin. 
We have a dozen bushes of this variety on the Paradise which have 
not failed to bear heavy crops every season during the last ten years, 
and this season is no exception, for the trees are loaded. They are just 
as free as upright cordons on the same stock planted by the sides of 
walks. Being so free the trees have to be deluged with manure water 
from the farm at all seasons or their fruit would not swell to half the 
proper size. This is a first-rate Apple, both for cooking and dessert ; it 
keeps plump and good to the end of May. Cox’s Orange Pippin is the 
very best variety to grow as bushes and cordons in small gardens, and 
for cottagers who may only have room for one tree it would be difficult 
to name a more reliable sort. It is a pity every cottager in the kingdom 
does not know of its great merits. They should be careful to have plants 
worked on the Paradise or they may be disappointed. 
Annie Elizabeth. 
This is a comparatively new variety, sent out, I believe, by Messrs. 
Harrison & Sons, Leicester. We planted a standard in the orchard four 
years ago, and have found it a very free bearer except this season. The 
fruits are very handsome, being of a very bright crimson on the side 
next the sun, which secures for it a full share of admiration. The fruit 
is about the size of Stirling Castle, and much resembles that variety in 
general outline. It is a first-rate cooking Apple, but is rather too sharp 
and brisk for most people to be used for dessert, unless it is to make an 
ornamental dish. 
Lord Grosvenor. 
This fine cooking Apple is well adapted for growing as upright 
cordons by the sides of walks when grafted on the Paradise. Grown 
thus they bear regularly right to the ground, and the fruit swells to a 
very large size. The fruit is more sheltered from high winds than 
when grown as bushes or standards—a circumstance of great advantage 
with all large fruiting kinds.—J. H. W., Leicester . 
King Harry. 
So far I have only seen this new Apple in fruit at Maiden Erleigh, 
where Mr. Turton has it fruiting well, and so pleased is he with it as 
a midseason dessert variety that he classes it with the very best sorts. 
The fruits bear some resemblance to those of Cockle’s Pippin, but are 
much larger, brighter, and handsomer ; the eye is more open, and the 
base of the fruit rather broader and flatter. The skin when ripe is of 
a bright yellow, orange next the sun, and is dotted with russet spots 
something after the style of Wyken Pippin. The tree is a very good 
grower, and crops well. The fruit is in season in November. It is also 
of crisp white flesh, and good flavour. It will not be a matter for surprise 
if this variety should shortly make a good reputation as a dessert Apple. 
Mr. Turton will probably show a sample of the fruit at Earl’s Court on 
October 5th.—A. D. 
Lady Sudeley. 
Referring to my remarks on page 238 as to the Irish Peach, I have 
to S'ate that Messrs. Geo. Bunyard & Co. of Maidstone, the famous Kent 
growers, very kindly sent me half a dozen fruits of their new Apple 
Lady Sudeley, and I must, in justice to them, say that the fruits were 
lovely specimens, perfect in shape and “ finish,” and have been admired 
by everyone who has seen them. It is a remarkably handsome Apple 
with a powerful aroma, and although in the specimens sent me not 
quite so juicy and crisp as Irish Peach, they may possibly have been a 
little too ripe and past their best, which would account for their being 
somewhat soft, a fault nearly all early Apples have if not plucked and 
eaten almost direct off the tree. In my opinion Lady Sudeley is an 
Apple that has “come to stay its beauty will make it a favourite 
on the exhibition table, whilst its soft flesh and strong aroma commend 
it to all who do not like an Apple wnich requires much mastication, and 
leaves, as many Apples do, a lot of indigestible “ wood ” behind.— 
F. BOYES, Beverley . 
Irish Peach. 
I consider this the best of the early dessert varieties in flavour, and 
I see it is regarded in the same light by others. With us it is a sure and 
heavy cropper, but I am told it is not a good market Apple. The colour 
is not what could be wished for that purpose ; this shows the fallacy of 
public taste, in some things at any rate. It requires care in pruning, 
as it bears mainly on the points of the shoots, and to obtain a full crop 
every year the spurring system should not be always or wholly adopted. 
I was not a little surprised this year to find a full crop of fruit on some 
young trees planted in the autumn of 1890, and which were subjected 
I I 7° of frost one night while the trees were fully in bloom, still no 
harm appeared to have befallen the blossom, although the pistil was 
black right to its base.—E. M. 
Notes from Beverley. 
Keswick Codlin is a very old sort much grown about here, but 
although it, is a good bearer and an excellent cooking Apple the tree has 
a somewhat sickly look and carries a quantity of small spotted fruits. 
Iu a few instances it is healthy and bears fair sized fruits. It is, now- 
ever, a variety which has been superseded by better kinds. Potts’s Seed¬ 
ling is an excellent early cooking Apple, clean, healthy, and the fruit of 
good size and shape. It has fine foliage somewhat like Lord Grosvener, 
and one of its best properties is that it cannot be blown off. I have 
known a tree peifectly laden with fruit withstand a gale of wind 
without losing a single Apple, whilst the neighbouring tree, Cox’s 
O ange Pippin, has been nearly stripped of its unripe fruit. When 
eaten from the tree Potts’s is very juicy and refreshing, although a 
kitchen Apple. Duchess of Oldenburg is often classed as a dessert 
