302 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ October 6, 189J. 
run longitudinally down the centre of the lip. The column is 
white tipped with yellow.—C. K. 
Cypripedium Harrisianum. 
This fine old plant is now flowering in various Orchid collec¬ 
tions, and is a great favourite because of its strong constitution and 
its free blooming quality, the flowers when cut lasting a considerable 
timein water. C. Harrisianum is interesting as being the first hybrid 
“Lady Slipper” ever produced by artificial cross fertilisation. It 
was raised by Mr. Dominy at Messrs. J. Yeitch & Sons’ nursery at 
Chelsea in 1864 and flowered for the first time about five years 
later ; it is a hybrid between C. villosum and C. barbatum. The 
leaves, which are about 8 or 10 inches long, are blotched with 
dark and pale green. The dorsal sepal is deep purple with a white 
margin, black veinings, lower sepal green ; petals, upper halves 
(horizontally) purplish brown with dark veins, lower halves 
greenish yellow ; the lip is dull, purplish, with greenish front. C. 
Harrisianum requires ordinary care ; it grows and flowers freely, and 
succeeds either in an intermediate or stove temperature.—C. K. 
Cypripedium Saundersianum. 
This, one of the rarest and most distinct hybrid Cypripediums, 
is now in flower at Mr. William Bull’s establishment. It is the 
plant purchased of Mr. Lee of Leatherhead for 300 guineas, the 
price conveying in some measure an idea of its choice and remark¬ 
able character. 
Dendrobium Piial^enopsis. 
This Orchid is not only the best of the Australian Dendrobes> 
but it is one of the very best of the several hundred species 
known. 
For its cultivation it requires the hottest and moistest stove, 
and it grows best when placed in a position close to the roof- 
glass. Messrs. Sander & Co. recommend for it the treatment of 
the Pine stove, or such as suits Crotons and Ixoras. The Kew 
plants are grown in baskets, and are planted in peat fibre and 
sphagnum. They are liberally watered and syringed when in 
growth, and are kept moderately dry after the growth is matured. 
It may be stated in proof of the good nature of this Dendrobium 
under cultivation that the plant sent to Kew by Mr. Forbes ten 
years ago is still in good health, and has flowered this year.— 
W. Watson (in “ Garden and Forest”). 
DISCUSSION ON APPLES. 
Hollandbury. 
I send a sample of Apples for your inspection picked from a 
tree in a grass orchard about a fortnight ago, the tree bearing a 
heavy crop. Two years ago I gathered an Apple from the same 
tree weighing 17 ozs. It is a good cooker, and the tree is a good 
grower. The fruit keeps until November. I should like to hear 
if you know of any varieties similar to it, and shall look in the 
Journal for any remarks you may publish relating to so excellent 
an Apple.— F.'Woollard. 
[The Apples received appear to be very fine specimens of the 
Hollandbury, known also as Kirk’s Scarlet Admirable, Hallingbury, 
Horsley Pippin, and Ha wberry Pippin. It is described in the Fruit 
Manual as very large, skin deep yellow tinged with green on the 
shaded side, but bright deep scarlet where exposed to the sun, 
generally extending over the whole surface. A beautiful and showy 
Apple for culinary purposes ; in use from October to Christmas. 
To that description Dr. Hogg adds the following note :— 
“ I have not been able to trace the history of this handsome 
Apple beyond the close of last century. It is not mentioned in the 
copious list of Miller & Sweet, of Bristol, in 1790, nor in any of 
the nursery workings of the Brompton Park Nursery, lists of which 
are in my possession as far back as 1750. The first record of it I 
find is in the Forsyth MSS., where, under the name of Kirk’s 
Scarlet Admirable, he seems to have received it in 1799, and again 
in 1801, from Ronalds, of Brentford, as Hallingbury, but in his 
Treatise on Fruit Trees it is called Hollingbury.” 
The Hollandbury makes an excellent orchard standard, and also 
succeeds well on the Paradise stock.] 
Notes from Newbury'. 
I was pleased to see Mr. Bunyard’s notes on Lady Sudeley, as 
I have several trees of it that at present have failed to bear fruit, 
although planted under the same conditions as other varieties that 
have fruited several seasons. There is little doubt, as your corre¬ 
spondent states, that some varieties have a partiality for a particular 
soil. With me the old Keswick is one of the best early Apples, 
but Lord Suffield will not thrive either as a standard or dwarf, 
being subject to canker. Our best crop of kitchen Apples thi a 
season are Keswick, Ecklinville, Small’s Admirable, Winter Haw- 
thornden, Striped Beefing, and Lane’s Prince Albert. Dessert.— 
Worcester Pearmain, King of Pippins, and Blenheim Pippin, 
which generally does well in this district. Some young trees of 
Scarlet Nonpareil and Baumann’s Red Reinette also have good 
crops of well coloured fruit.—J. Howard, Benham. 
Keswick Codlin. 
I have on various occasions mentioned this variety in notes on 
the fruit crop as being a sure cropper, and therefore well worthy of 
extended culture. During the past twenty-one years an espalier- 
trained tree of Keswick Codlin has annually borne a full crop of 
good fruit. Our soil is a light loam of an average depth of 2 feet, 
and rests on a gravelly subsoil.—H. W. W. 
Worcester Pearmain. 
This very handsome, highly coloured, and good quality dessert 
Apple is not met with in gardens so often as it undoubtedly 
deserves to be. I believe this excellent variety, like Keswick 
Codlin, does best in a somewhat light soil resting on a substratum 
of gravel. Ad espalier of Worcester Pearmain bore a fine crop of 
fruit here this year, which, owing to their handsome conical shape 
and beautiful colour, commanded the admiration of all who saw 
them ; so much so, indeed, that I was loth to gather them, and 
therefore allowed the fruit to drop into the net with which it was 
necessary to protect them from the ravages of the birds. 
—W. H. W. 
Domino. 
When on a large Kentish fruit farm towards the end of July 
I was much struck with the splendid appearance of a quarter of 
Domino. Standards planted five years ago were carrying 2£ to 
3 bushels of fine fruit, which, sold at 6s. per bushel, would be 
15s. to 18s. per tree. Considering, however, that even as early as 
Cherry gathering times quantities of good size fruit could be picked, 
this price would in all probability be exceeded. The fruit is borne 
in heavy clusters, and the thinnings gathered early and sold at a 
remunerative price would tend to the better development of the 
general crop. I particularly call attention to the value of this 
excellent Apple for planting in exposed positions. There are few 
high-class culinary varieties that will retain perfect health and 
fruitfulness under such trying conditions as Domino. Its tendency 
to come into early and profitable bearing on the free stock points 
to the fact that it would be valuable on the Paradise, where a hardy 
variety is wanted. I have also seen it in Nottinghamshire, where 
it is grown somewhat extensively, and its character for hardiness, 
sturdy growth and fruitfulness, is similar to that which it is earning 
in Kent. This is worth bearing in mind.—W. P. W. 
Stirling- Castle. 
If I were asked to name one cooking Apple for a small garden 
I do not see how I could ignore the several good points which this 
variety possesses. As far as I know it only has one fault—bearing 
too freely—so much so that but little growth is made. Fortunately, 
however, the remedy is in our own hands—severely thinning the 
fruit. In the early part of November, 1890, I planted several trees 
of this sort, one especially in the kitchen garden. No particular 
pains were taken with it, beyond selecting a suitable day and care¬ 
fully mulching the surface with some light half-decayed manure. 
Last year the tree carried nine handsome fruits, and this season the 
total weight of fruit borne is 14^- lbs., everyone a model in 
itself as to form, colour, and clearness of skin. Not a sign of 
speck or rust is apparent in one of the forty-two Apples borne. 
The tree has made growths 1 foot long, which is rather good for 
this variety. The colour of the leaves is a dense green ; indeed 
the tree is the picture of health in spite of the heavy crop of fruit 
allowed to mature. Amateurs would do well to plant this Apple 
where space is limited. No sort that I know requires less attention 
in pruning and summer pinching of the shoots, the heavy crop of 
fruit invariably borne does all that is necessary in this direction. 
It is reported that when the trees are worked upon the Paradise 
stock they do not live many years, but quickly exhaust themselves. 
Be this as it may, when excellent trees can be bought for 2s. each 
it matters little. The outlay is quickly recouped.—E. M. 
Pruning Apple Trees. 
It was formerly a hard and fast rule not to commence the 
pruning of hardy fruit trees UDtil after the leaves had fallen, but 
now it is considered to be the right thing to prune early, sometimes 
before the fruit is gathered. Why wait until the leaves hare 
fallen, I would ask, when the work can be done so much more 
comfortably and with so much greater judgment before that period? 
It is much easier to judge which branches require removal or to 
determine where there is sufficient space for additional shoots to be 
