October 6, 1892. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER . 
311 
hardy perennials, amongst which Tritoma Uvaria, Rudbeckialaciniata, 
Pyrethrum uliginosum, Helenium autumnale, Rudbeckia Newmanni, 
Aster nivea, A. amellus bessarabicus, A. puniceus var. lucidus, A. noyse- 
angliae rosea, A. Robt. Parker, and A. Curtisi. A bronze Banksian 
medal was recommended. Henry Southall, Esq., The Craig, Ross, also 
staged a collection of Asters. Mr. Thos. Ware staged a charming group 
of Nerines, including pumila, sarniensis, coruscans major, excellens, 
amabilis, Planti, and flexuosa. He also staged four plants of Iris alata, a 
very beautiful species and remarkably fragrant, for which a vote of 
thanks was accorded. A small group of tree Carnations was staged by 
the same exhibitor, amongst which were J. Jassand, Marie Forest, Irina, 
flavium, Auguste Cotton, John Broughton, Rose Rivoire, Lucifer, and 
Field Marshal. 
Messrs. H. Cannell & Sons, Swanley, sent flowers of the double Begonia 
Rosebud, also a few fine trusses of Zonal Pelargoniums. Messrs. J. Laing 
and Sons, Forest Hill, were accorded a vote of thanks for a small group 
of Saxifraga sarmentosa tricolor superba, which is a pretty and 
effective little plant. Mr. Crook, gardener to W. H. Evans, Esq., 
Forde Abbey, Chard, Somerset, staged a small group of Asters, and a 
collection of hardy border plants, for which he received a vote of thanks. 
Mr. Thos. Hobbs showed three, good blooms of Dahlia James Hobbs. 
Mr. A. Waterer, Woking, staged, amongst other shrubs, two hampers 
of Pernettyas (silver Banksian medal). Mr. H. Elliott, Stourvale 
Nursery, Christchurch, sent half a dozen Dracaenas in variety (see 
below). ,, , . , , 
Prizes were offered for hardy perennials. For a collection ot eighteen 
bunches the Earl of Dysart, Ham House, Richmond (Mr. Sage, gardener), 
took the first prize, showing Eryngium Oliverianum, Helenium autumnale, 
Aster laevigatus, Rudbeckia Newmanni, Helianthus multiflorus plenus, 
Gypsophila paniculata, Pyrethrum uliginosum, Lilium auratum, Erigeron 
speciosum, Phloxes, Helianthus decapetalus, and some fine bunches 
of Asters. The first prize for twelve was awarded to W. E. Hall, 
Esq., Coker Court, Yeovil (Mr. Horley, gardener), who staged fine 
bunches of Lilium tigrinum splendens, Helenium Hooperi, Sedura 
spectabile, Gladiolus ramosus Princess Clothilde, Iris, Anemone 
japonica alba, Rudbeckia Newmanni, Pyrethrum ulginosum, Phygelius 
capensis, Helianthus latifolius, and Asters. The second prize was 
won by Mr. James Gibson, The Oaks Gardens, Carshalton, who 
exhibited Rudbeckia occidentals, Statice, Chrysanthemum maximum, 
Helianthus decapetalus, Aster Robert Parker, Lilium lancifahum 
rubrum, Rudbeckia Newmanni, Aster laevigatus, Aster amellus, Heli¬ 
anthus multiflorus plenus, Pyrethrum uliginosum, and Anemone japonica 
alba. Mr. J. Hudson, Gunnersbury House, gained the first prize tor a 
collection of eight hardy perennials, staging Pyrethrum uliginosum, 
Rudbeckia Newmanni, Phlox seedling, Asters Robert Parker, A. 
bessarabicus, A. leucanthemum, Eryngium amethystinum, Helianthus 
multiflorus maximus. Miss Debenham, St. Peter’s, St. Albans, was 
second with Aster longifolius formosus, Sedum spectabile, Solidago 
virgaurea, Aster novi-Belgii, Pyrethrum uliginosum, Gaillardia grandi- 
flora, Aster novae-angliae, and Rudbeckia Newmanni. 
Orchid Committee. —Present: H. J. Veitch, Esq. (in the chair), 
Messrs. Jas. O’Brien, S. Courtauld, H. Williams, Hugh Low, T . B. 
Haywood, F. Sander, and Dr. Masters. There were no specialties 
among the Orchids, but there was a very fine display of bloom 
considering the time of year. ,, 
Wilberforce Bryant, Esq., J.P., Stoke Park, Slough (gardener, A r. 
Kemp), exhibited a large pot of Oncidium ornithorynchum, a mass ot 
bloom, but it was not one piece. A cultural commendation was 
awarded. Messrs. Pitcher & Manda, Hextable, Swanley, had a 
collection mainly composed of Cypripediums such as Wallertianum, 
conchiferum, Harrisianum, Pitcherianum, Spicerianum, Ashburtonue, 
S. pendulum, atro-purpureum superbum, and others. Messrs. 
F. Sander & Co., St. Albans, had a number of Cypripediums, 
including the beautiful Spicerianum magnificum, also Hialsenopsis 
Lowi, Cattleya labiata, Calanthe orphanum hybrid, Zygopetalum 
rostratum, Cattleya Schofieldiana, yellow variety ; Paphinia grandis, 
Oncidium Burbidgeanum, and other good things (silver Banksian 
medal). Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Clapton, had a small but very brig 
and varied group, in which Yanda Kimballiana delicata, Cattleya 
superba splendens, Cypridium Crossianum, Dendrobium formosum 
giganteum, and Cattleya speciossissima were conspicuous (silver 
Banksian medal). Messrs. B. S. Williams & Son, Upper Hoi oway, 
had a bright collection in which Dendrobium superbiens, Dendrobium. 
Dearei, Odontoglossum grande, O. mirandum, Miltonia Candida grandi- 
flora, and two fine pieces of Cypripedium insigne were very noteworthy 
(silver Flora medal). T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Manchester (grower, 
Mr. Johnson), sent Cattleya bicolor coerulea, which displayed a very 
peculiar colour contrast, the sepals and petals being greenish yellow and 
the lip pale mauve ; also Laelia elegans chelsensis, and Cattleya grandosa 
splendens. The latter, with its yellowish-green sepals and petals and 
pale lip deeply embossed with magenta, is very attractive. M. \\ ells, 
Esq, Broomfield, Sale (gardener, Mr. R. Hinde), sent Cattleya Hardyama, 
apparently a hybrid with aurea and gigas parentage. The apical 
portion of the lip are rich crimson, the side lobes nankeen yellow ; 
the sepals and petals are rose with light veins, the former being 
much the deeper. C. K. Wild, Esq., Hampstead (gardener, Mr. Pallant) 
received a vote of thanks for Stanhopea aurea carrying nine flowers. 
Certificates and Awards, 
J5 ymenanthera orassifolia (Messrs. Veitch & Sons).—This shrub is 
remarkable for the small white bead-like berries which stud the growths, 
and give it a very beautiful appearance. The leaves, which are chiefly 
borne in tufts of three and four, are small, thick, and blunt. The sprays 
had been cut from the open (first-class certificate). > 
Rhododendron multicolor Neptune (Veitch & Sons).—A brilliant 
scarlet variety of great beauty. A standard about a foot high was 
shown, having seven clusters of bloom. There is room for many 
varieties of this type (first-class certificate). 
Tacsonia Smytheana (Mr. W. Smythe).—A beautiful rich rose 
variety, very brilliant in colour, and doubtless very effective when 
expanded, but the flowers were not open (first-class certificate). 
Chrysanthemum General Hatches (Owen).—A Japanese with narrow, 
semi-tubular florets, maroon with silvery reverse ; of good size and 
form (award of merit). 
Chrysanthemum Lady Brooke (Owen).—A yellow Japanese with 
broad, flat florets, the lower cream, the upper ones bright yellow (award 
of merit). „ .. 
Draccena australis var. rubra (Elliott).—This differs from the type 
in the bronzy suffusion of the leaves. It has the same graceful appearance 
(first-class certificate). 
Dahlia Mrs. Vagg (Rawlings).— A fine Show variety of splendid 
form and colour, being a rich rosy carmine (award of merit). 
Apple King Harry (R.H.S.).—A tender, juicy, free bearing variety 
from the R.H.S.’s gardens at Chiswick (award of merit). 
Apple Rivers Codlin (Rivers & Son).—A conical variety raised from 
American Mother, said to be a free bearer, and keeps to March (first- 
class certificate). . . . ■ , 
Grape White Gros Column (Dicksons, Limited).—This variety has 
berries resembling the type in size and shape, but are more sweet and 
juicy (first-class certificate). .... , 
Grape Chasselas Vibert (R.H.S.).—An excellent cool greenhouse 
and outdoor Grape (award of merit). . 
Adams' Early Maize (Mr. Willard).—A useful Maize, the heads 
being of good flavour when cooked (award of merit). _ 
Apple Seedling No. 2. (Mr. Ross).—A well coloured variety of fair 
quality (award of merit). 
Mr. Dewar on Michaelmas Daisies. 
The subject of the afternoon paper was Michaelmas Daisies, and the 
reader Mr. D. Dewar, who has done much work amongst them during 
the last year or two and laboured manfully, together with his colleagues 
on the special Sub-Committee engaged on them at Chiswick, to secure 
order in a mixed and confused throng of species, hybrids, and varieties. 
The warm thanks of everv lover of this beautiful and invaluable autumn 
flower are due to all of them. Mr. Dewar described the collection at 
Chiswick as the finest that existed in any one garden, the best cultivated 
forms having been gathered together and grown side by side with what 
were presumably wildings, this affording a good opportunity for observing 
the remarkable advance that had been made. As indicative of the con¬ 
fusion which has existed amongst those grown m British gardens, he 
alluded to the fact that they had greatly puzzled the late Dr. Asa Gray, 
notwithstanding that he had made the plants a life study There were 
altogether about 250 species, and of this number the United States were 
the headquarters of 130 to 140. He pointed out the looseness with which 
the term 1 “ Michaelmas Daisy ” is applied Engerons, for instance, 
distinguishable botanically in the number of ray florets, being so called, 
also giving other examples. The genus, he thought, requires thorough 
revision. It must be recognised how freely the plants hybridise, both 
in a wild state and under garden culture. The Sub-Committee were 
drawing up popular descriptions of the varieties, which would be 
published in due course. . . ... ,, 
Referring to the garden value of Michaelmas Daisies he thought 
that any hardy flowers such as these which tended to draw autumn 
and sprfng together were deserving of close attention. As decorative 
Slant? they were of great importance, and were extremely varied in 
habit from the tall novae-angliae to the Dwarf Stracheyi. They had 
companions in the Golden Rods and Sunflowers. He recommended the 
employment of the dwarf forms, such as alpinus, acris and Amellus for 
bedding, and another use to which Michaelmas Daisies might be put 
was to^plant them in association with Rhododendrons, which, thoug 
beautiful in spring, were afterwards bare. The plants well merited good 
and carefu] 1 cultivation. They did best in a strong, deep, well-matured 
toil He advised annual division, choosing the strong outer growths 
ii i nPr eased readily by cuttings, the young shoots might, be 
inserted in spring, leaving the stock roots all the better for the thinning, 
inserted in spring, | f see d d an interesting course of crossing 
They m ;g h . 1 ° hp be b Sp J d r) nX a r been thus obtained. He suggested the 
ot Sted forms, such as Cordifolh.,, Diana W 
i 'anrl T indlevanus, and remarked that when grown in open spaces 
lateral taancto were pu’shed almost to the ground. He then gare an 
lateral nranoues f illustrating his remarks with examples 
^STarfeUes ^pSSTAhe wide distribution of the 
of the aijersnt characteristics of some of the best. 
HeXught that\ garden name ought to be found to include the whole of 
^A^thtfc’nclusion of the paper Mr. W. Marshall expressed a hope that 
English and not Latin names would be given to the varieties, and Dr. 
Masters alluded to the number of butterflies infesting the flowers in 
autumn, a point corroborated by another gentleman. A vote of thanks 
concluded the meeting. 
