October 6, 1892. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
819 
Eelworms Infesting Tomato Plants (X. Y. Z .).—We do not 
think we should advise you to pull up the worst plants and plant others 
in their places without making an entire change of soil, but rather to 
pull up and burn the plants most attacked, and seek to impart vigour 
into those least affected by dressings of bonemeal, sulphate of potash, 
and sulphate of ammonia. What effect this has had upon them you fail 
to note, though you say nearly all the remainder of the plants in the 
house have the same complaint. You ask for a dressing that will 
destroy the nematodes after you have removed 6 inches of the surface 
soil. We regret to say we know of no dressing that would destroy the 
insects that pass from the plants in autumn into the surrounding 
soil, ready to make their way to the new crop of food plants the follow¬ 
ing spring. Should there be any upon which they feed within their 
reach, that would not render the soil unfit for the growth of the plants. 
Some species of Tylenchus have the property of reviving in moisture 
after being apparently dried up for many months, or for years. No 
cold that we experience will destroy them ; they endure extremes of 
heat up to 125° without injury, and they live in water alone for a 
lengthened period. They are not harmed by vegetable poisons, but they 
succumb to solutions of acids and most of the metallic compounds, 
especially to copper. This, however, cannot be applied to the soil with¬ 
out endangering the growth of the plants, and proving injurious, if not 
fatal, to human life. Sulphate of iron may be used at the rate of 
1 ounce per square yard, and be mixed with the soil a foot deep after 
you have removed the 6 inches. This is some check on the Nematodes, 
but the only safe and sure remedy is to remove every particle of soil 
as deep and wide as the roots have penetrated, and not use it again for 
plants which are liable to attacks of eelworms, or, better still, subject it 
to a temperature not less than boiling point (212°) over a wood fire. 
That is a never-failing remedy, and often improves the soil for the 
growth of plants liable to be infested by eelworms at times, because it 
destroys vegetable matter, and so gives a larger per-centage of mineral 
substances, particularly of potash and soda. Stable or farmyard 
manure is also liable to introduce the eelworms from diseased to healthy 
plants. We advise the use of fresh soil, and save seed only, if at all, 
from plants in which the disease has not appeared. 
Names of Fruits.— Notice. —Special attention is directed to the 
following decision, the object of which is to discourage the growth of 
inferior and promote the culture of superior varieties. In consequence 
of the large number of worthless Apples and Pears sent to this office to 
be named, it has been decided to name only specimens and varieties of 
approved merit, and to reject the inferior, which are not worth sending 
or growing. The names and addresses of senders of fruit to be named 
must in ail cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether letters 
referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are not 
necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only six 
specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved. ( XJgbroohe') .—1, Minchull Crab; 2, Autumn Pearmain ; 
3, a malformed specimen of Greenup’s Pippin ; 4, Alfriston ; 5, 
Bramley’s Seedling. (X.).—1, Pear quite rotten at the core, worthless ; 
2, Blenheim Pippin ; 3, Bedfordshire Foundling ; 4, Dumelow’s Seed¬ 
ling. (J. J. D.).— 1, Marshal de Cour ; 3, Flemish Beauty; 4, King 
of the Pippins; 5, Summer Whorle ; 6, Winter Codlin. ( H. J TF).— 
1, Probably local, and of little merit ; 2, Potts’ Seedling, a serviceable 
variety. (TF. M. B.). —1, Beurr6 d’Anjou ; 2, Beurr4 Diel; 3, Nec 
Plus Meuris. Continue your course of obtaining the paper, and send 
the extra copy to a friend. ( Alex. Haggartj .—The large Apples very 
closely resemble Flower of Kent, too closely, we think, for the variety 
to be regarded as distinct. Flower of Kent is a very old and good 
kitchen Apple, and was mentioned by Parkinson in the time of 
Shakespeare. (A. Burn°ss ).— 1, Pumelow’s Seedling ; 3, Kerry 
Pippin ; 4, Scarlet Nonpareil ; 5, Rosemary Russet; 6, Easter Beurrb, 
cracked and spotted through the soil being poor and probably sandy. 
Special Note. —We have named all the fruit that has been received 
up to the time of goiDg to press in conformity with the above conditions. 
We have both boxes and baskets of fruit which cannot be named because 
the names of the senders were not enclosed with the specimens. Letters 
and cards posted separately obviously do not enable us to determine to 
which they refer. It is absolutely essential that the names of senders 
of fruit be placed in the parcels. It is as disappointing to us as to our 
correspondents that so many fruits cannot be named for the reason 
stated. 
Names of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, 
dry wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at 
once, and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligature3, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(X. J. T .)—Sedum spectabile, also known as S. Fabaria. (Taylor'). —1, 
Onychium japonicum ; 2, Adiantum Capillus-Veneris; 3, either A. scutum 
or A. tenerum, cannot tell from small specimen ; 4, Pteris haatata ; 5, 
P. serrulata cristata; 6, Adiantum gracillimum. (IF. E. J.). —Ajuga, 
send when in flower. (F. A. B .).—A Brunsvigia, but send fresh 
flowers or a description of the plant. Compare with B. Josephinse. 
(C. IF, Buchs). —1, Cotoneaster microphylla; 2, A Ceanothus, possibly 
C. rigidus ; 3, Crataegus pyracantha or C. Lelandi, specimen insufficient; 
4, " Escallonia macrantha ; 5, Perhaps Biota aurea; 6, Possibly Thuia 
dolabrata variegata. No one can name shrubs with certainty from such 
diminutive scraps. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Thomas Knight, Moss Side Nurseries, Ashton-under-Lyne.— Dutch 
and French Flower Boots. 
J. R. Pearson & Sons, Chilwell Nurseries, Notts.— Ilardy Fruits for 
the Midlands, Roses, Evergreens, §c. 
G. Phippen, Reading.— Nursery Catalogue. 
W. Rumsey, Joynings Nursery, Waltham Cross, N.— Roses, Trees, 
Shrubs, and Fruit Trees. 
T. S. Ware, Hale Farm Nurseries, Tottenham, London.— Catalogues 
of Hardy Border Flowers, Florists' Flowers, and Other Plants. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— October 5th. 
MARKET very flat indeed, with prices much depressed. 
FRUIT. 
Apples, half sieve 
Grapes, per lb. .. 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. 
Beet, Red, dozen .. 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 
Cauliflowers, dozen .. 
Celery, bundle .. .. 
Cucumbers, dozen 
Endive, dozen .. 
Herbs, bunch 
Leeks, bunch 
Lettuce, dozen .. 
Mushrooms, punnet 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
i 
0 to 3 
6 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 
4 
0 to 
9 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Peaches, per dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
6 
lbs. 
75 
0 
80 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each .. 
3 
0 
6 
15 
0 
35 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
S. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
0 
2 
to 0 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punnet 
0 
2 to 0 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches .. 
2 
0 
3 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Parsnips, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
2 
0 
5 
es 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy, bundle. 
1 
0 
i 
1 
6 
3 
6 
Scorzonera, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Seakale, per basket .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Shallots, per lb. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Spinach, bushel. 
3 
0 
3 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
0 
2 
0 
,. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Turnips, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
s. d. 
0 
5 
0 
0 
0 
6 
0 
0 
0 
6 
4 
4 
AVERAGE WHOLESALE PRICES—OUT FLOWERS. 
Orchid Blooms in variety. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
Asters, English, doz. bnchs. 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 
Carnations, 12 blooms 
Chrysanthemums, dozen 
blooms .1 6 
Chrysanthemums, dozen 
bunches.6 
Eucharis, dozen.3 
d. s. d. 
0 to 6 0 
0 GO 
Fuchsias, per bunch .. .. 0 
Gardenias, per dozen .. 2 
Geraniums, scarlet, 12 bchs. 6 
Gladioli (various) 12 sprays 1 
Lilium longiflornm 12 
blooms . 3 
Lilium (var.) doz. blooms 1 
Maidenhair Fern, doz. bchs. 
Arbor Vitae (golden) dozen 
Begonia, per dozen .. 
Chrysanthemums, per doz, 
„ large plants, each 
Cupressus, large plants,each 
Dracaena terminaiis, dozen 18 
„ viridis, dozen .. 
Euonymus, var., dozen .. 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
Ferns, in variety, dozen .. 
„ (small) per hundred 
Ficus eiastiea, each .. 
Pnlia.o'p nlants var.. each.. 
2 0 
12 0 
6 0 
1 0 
4 0 
8 0 
2 0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches .. 
Mignonette, 12 bunches .. 
Orchids, per dozen blooms 
Pansies, dozen bunches .. 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
Primula (double) 12 sprays 
Pyrethrum doz. bunches .. 
Roses (indoor), dozen 
„ (outdoor), doz. bunch. 
„ Red, per doz. blooms.. 
„ Tea, white, dozen .. 
„ Yellow, dozen .. .. 
Sunflower, doz. bunches .. 
Sweet Sultan, doz. bunches 
Sweet Peas, dozen bunches 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms.. .. 
3 0 
12 0 
2 0 
d. S. d. 
0 to 4 0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
6 
0 
9 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
3 
4 
0 
6 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Fuchsia, per dozen .. .. 
3 
0 to 
6 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Heliotrope, per dozen 
6 
0 
9 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Hydrangea, per dozen 
9 
0 
15 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Lilium lancifolium „ 
12 
0 
15 
2 
0 
5 
0 
Lycopodiums, per dozen .. 
3 
0 
4 
18 
0 
42 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 
6 
0 
12 
9 
0 
24 
0 
Mignonette, per dozen 
6 
0 
12 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
9 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Palms, in var., each .. .. 
1 
0 
15 
4 
0 
18 
0 
„ (specimens) .. 
21 
0 
63 
6 
0 
8 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
6 
0 
9 
1 
6 
10 
6 
„ per dozen .. 
6 
0 
12 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Solanums, per dozen .. .. 
9 
0 
12 
DAIRY FARMING. 
After building up a national reputation for tbe production 
of butter of uniform quality, with every advantage of State 
aid and scientific supervision, the dairy farmers of both Sweden 
and Denmark found that the margin of profit was so small as 
to yield a poor return for efforts so thorough and purpose so 
earnest as theirs. Gradually, step by step, they have become 
as skilful in selling as in making their butter. Finding so 
large a share of their legitimate profits absorbed by middlemen, 
they have by means of co operation effected change after 
change, till at length the establishment of shops in this country 
has brought them face to face with their best customers. In 
doing this they have shown what capacity, determination, 
