210 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER, 
March 7, 1898. 
Rose Show Fixtures for 1895. 
June 27th (Thursday).—Gloucester (N.R.S.) and Canterbury. 
„ 28th (Bhiday).—Exeter. 
„ 29th (Saturday).—Windsor. 
July 2ad (Tuesday).—Sutton. 
„ 3rd (Wednesday).—Croydon, Ealing, and Farningham. 
„ 4th (Thursday).—Eltham and Norwich. 
„ 6th (Saturday).—Crystal Palace (N.R S.). 
„ 9th (Tuesday).—Wolverhampton.* 
„ 10th (Wednesday).—Chelmsford and Hitchin. 
„ 11th (Thursday).—Helensburgh and Worksop. 
„ 17th (Wednesday).—Derby (N.R.S.). 
„ 18th (Thursday).—Halifax. 
„ 23rd (Tuesday).—Tibshelf. 
„ 24th (Wednesday).—Chesterfield. 
„ 25th (Thursday).—Trentham. 
* A show lasting three days. 
I shall be glad to receive the dates of other Rose shows than those 
named above for publication in future lists.— Edward Mawley, 
MosehanJc, Berlihamsted, Herts. 
Effects of the Frost. 
The influence of the long-continued frost of last winter on gardens 
and rosarians has, in many places, been most disastrous. Mr. Cranston 
of Hereford writes me to say that a large number of his Hybrid 
Perpetuals, Noisettes, and Teas have been killed down to the snow-line* 
Only the stronger varieties have escaped. His Conifers and fruit trees 
are, fortunately, uninjured. The Messrs. Croll of Dundee, whose 
nurseries are at Droughty Ferry on the Firth of Tay, inform me that 
many of their finest Roses have been utterly destroyed. I much regret 
to learn this, as the Messrs. Croll are among the foremost of our Scottish 
rosarians, and have proved themselves of late years formidable rivals to 
the Messrs. Crocker of Aberdeen. We may take it for granted that the 
latter have also sufiered much from the terrible frost* It would be 
interesting to know the experiences of the great English rosarians, such 
as Messrs. Paul of Waltham, Cant of Colchester, Prince of Oxford, 
Harkness of Bedale, Keynes & Co. of Salisbury, and Turner of Slough. 
Mr. George Paul’s providential preservation of his Teas has already 
been recorded, in the last week’s issue of the Journal of Horticulture, 
I hope that other cultivators have been equally fortunate. 
Many of the Roses in my own garden have been slightly injured, but 
so far as I can learn not one of them destroyed. The Hybrid Perpetuals, 
the more vigorous Teas, and the Noisettes on the south wall, including 
two MarSchal Niels, are almost untouched. This, however, is not 
surprising, for my Rose trees are sheltered from every wind that blows. 
Even my Pansies and Violas exposed on open borders have escaped. 
On the other hand, I regret to say that at Logan House, in this parish, 
Mrs. McDouall’s Roses have been so seriously affected that pruning this 
season will be almost superfluous, but the head gardener, Mr. McMicking, 
assures me that though the stems are much injured the plants are still 
alive, none of them having been wholly destroyed. Rhododendrons, 
Azaleas, and even Hollies at Logan have suffered so greatly as to be 
quite unrecognisable.— David R. Williamson. 
An inspection of my Roses shows that on the south side of a wall of 
Teas and Noisettes climbing Niphetos and climbing Perle des Jardins 
are a total wreck, and even our old friend Gloire de Dijon has suffered. 
The least affected of all was L’Ideal, but much of the wood is of little 
use for the coming spring. On the north side of this wall are a few 
plants of Mar^chal Niel and others which often give us a most accept¬ 
able crop of summer blooms. The plants here are much less affected 
than on the south or warmer side. In almost all cases where the sun 
had full play upon it the wood is totally killed. No doubt the extremely 
sudden changes have much to do with this, for it was sometimes like 
spring when sheltered and in the midday sun, followed by 10° to 25° at 
night. On a fence running due north and south the Roses were not 
quite so bad as on the wall running east and west; but here, also, there 
is sad havoc. A few plants of a sport which I valued considerably 
appear quite dead ; but I have others under cover as well, for which 
I am heartily thankful. 
Cut-backs from last season, and also many thoroughly established 
dwarfs, are severely injured where not quite killed. Maidens, too, are 
almost gone, and there will probably be some difficulty in meeting the 
large demand that is bound to come for spring planting to fill up gaps; 
Unfortunately, we had no snow worth naming, never more than a 
couple of inches. Some varieties are evidently more hardy than others 
Horace Vernet in the H.P.’s is almost killed, while L’Ideal and others 
are fairly exempt in the Tea class. Many could be mentioned from the 
Teas that are terribly hard hit, while Paul Neron, Ulrich Brunner, Jules 
Margottin, and others in the H.P.’s are fairly safe. But, class for class, 
I fail to see any difference on the whole. 
The most pleasing feature is the way that dormant buds, both of 
Teas and Hybrid Perpetuals, seem to have come through when upon 
dwarfs. More especially is this the case when upon the Briar and 
De la Grifferaie stocks. On half-standards and other hedge Briars I fear 
there will be sad blanks. On our dwarf stocks of Manetti the buds do 
not look quite so happy, and doubtless this is because of the less hardi¬ 
ness of the foster roots. There will not be much pruning to do after our 
Roses have been cleared of dead wood. 
When shall we have another really good Rose year ? 1893 was bad ; 
1894 promised well, but turned out a fraud on account of the sharp 
May frost. Then, although we secured good growth in the autumn, 
and managed to get it well ripened, the recent winter has again pre¬ 
cluded what might possibly have been a good Rose season ; for, no 
matter how kind the weather may be from now, we shall scarcely see 
the wealth of early summer Roses fairly promised by last autumn’s 
growth.— Practice. 
NOTES ON SNOWDROPS. 
Galanthus nivalis Redoutei. 
The Snowdrop grown in gardens under the name of G. Redoutei is, 
in reality, G. latifolius of Ruprecht, and quite distinct from the plant 
named at Kew G, n. Redoutei. In the autumn of 1892 I received a few 
bulbs as G. Elwesi. These flowered very early in 1893, and I was 
considerably puzzled over them. They were unlike any G. Elwesi I 
had ever seen, but as one is always liable to fall into error, I sent one 
plant each to three of oar best Snowdrop growers, none of whom knew 
what it was. 1 then sent one to Kew, and the authorities there kindly 
informed me that G, nivalis Redoutei was the name of the Snowdrop. 
This was a surprise, as G. Redoutei was rare, if not unknown, in oar 
British gardens. One distinguishing feature of this Snowdrop is the 
character of the leaves, which present the appearance of a flat arch 
when at their full size. The flower, which is of good size, and of 
the same character as the ordinary G. nivalis, stands on a stout, erect 
stem, and from the low altitude above the soil of the leaves appears very 
conspicuous. The leaves are of a dull grey-green, and are rather 
corrugated on the under surface. The whole style of this Snowdrop is 
not unlike an enlarged form of one grown as G, montanus; the larger 
size appearing in flowers, stems, and leaves, the latter being lighter 
coloured than those of G. montanus. The flowers were in bloom about 
January 22nd last year. G. n. Redoutei is understood to be a native of 
the Caucasus. 
G. Pebryi. 
Through the kindness of one of my flower-loving friends I received 
this Snowdrop in flower two y«ars ago. It was accompanied by a remark 
which hardly gave me a favourable impression of its merits. This was, 
that although it was apparently a good grower it did not appear to be 
of great value otherwise. With every desire to agree with my friend, I 
am compelled to express my admiration for this little Snowdrop which, 
while certainly small in size, is extremely beautiful. Its first appear¬ 
ance is a little curious to those unacquainted with the habits of some 
others of the genus, the flower-scape rising to a considerable height for 
the size of the plant before the broad, short leaves, unfold themselves. 
The scapes are bright green, and the flowers, while small, are of fine 
form, and hang in a most graceful way from the erect scapes. The 
markings of the flowers are like those of our common Snowdrop. The 
leaves are about five-eighths of an inch broad, and of a glaucous green. 
If I am not misinformed G. Perryi is from the Caucasus. 
G. MONTANUS. 
In writing of G. nivalis Redoutei I have mentioned this, which is a 
doubtfully named plant, as some say G. montanus is the same as G. lati¬ 
folius. The flower is like that of G. nivalis, and the leaves have the 
arching character referred to in the note on G. n. Redoutei, but are a 
bluer green, narrower and shorter. Being still a little uncertain of the 
name I only write this to guard against it being supposed that in 
referring to G. montanus I am speaking of G. latifolius, with its broad, 
shining green leaves. 
G. Ikari^. 
This new Snowdrop, for which we are indebted to Mr. E. Whittall 
of Smyrna, is causing some curiosity among admirers of the Galanthus 
in its various forms. It has been named and described by Mr. J. G. 
Baker from two half-dried specimens sent by Mr. Whittall. Through 
the kindness of a friend I received some bulbs, only one of which flowered 
last year. It has the shining green leaves of G. latifolius, though they 
vary in form, some having the strap shape of those described by Mr. 
Baker. The outer segments are rather less than an inch long, and the 
inner ones about half the length. The latter forms a pretty, bell-shaped 
cup, with a conspicuous bright green, apical blotch of large size, occu¬ 
pying about a half of the outside of the segments. 
The constitution of G. Ikaria remains to be proved, but one report 
which has reached me regarding bulbs procured in 1892 is not very 
favourable. It is to be hoped, however, that we may be able to establish 
it in our gardens. The habitat of this plant is in the Island of Nikaria, 
which lies a short distance S.W. of Samos, off the West Coast of Asia 
Minor. It will be observed that the spelling of the name is Ikariae, 
suppressing the initial letter N in the name of the island, and following 
the classical spelling of Ikaria or Icaria. It is to be feared this will 
lead to some confusion.^nd that the plant will occasionally be found 
under the name of G. Nikarias. 
