June 13, 1895. 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
527 
being done about the middle of June. The beds may be planted with 
standard and half-standard Teas and Hybrid Perpetuals, white on the 
roof and supporting pillars should be trained climbers, but these must 
not be allowed to become so dense as to obstruct the light. 
Though ample ventilation is essential it can be overdone, therefore 
great care is necessary on this point. If it is thought desirable to plant 
the Roses out, this should be effected in November, allowing ample 
ventilation for two or three weeks, only closing to exclude frost. The 
plants should be pruned in January, and a warm, humid atmosphere 
maintained until flowering commences, For growing in pots plants 
dug from the open ground are not satisfactory the first year ; it is there¬ 
fore necessary that they should be subject to pot culture at least twelve 
months before they are required for forcing. Presuming a stock has 
been raised, the plants should be overhauled and the roots examined 
thoroughly in September. If these are in good condition potting will 
not be necessary, a good top-dressing sufficing. In either case the com¬ 
post should consist of good fibrous loam from an old pasture which has 
been stacked for at least six months, this to be chopped fine and a little 
coarse sand added. 
Water must not be given too liberally directly after potting, and if 
the plants be protected out of doors till the middle of December, they 
may then be removed to the house. Pruning should be done about a 
fortnight after this, and if the flowers are not required before April no 
artificial heat will yet be necessary. After January the plants commence 
growing, when each morning the pots, paths, and walls should be well 
syringed. Soon the flower buds will appear, and the grower’s efforts be 
amply rewarded by abundance of flowers. 
No hard and fast rules can be laid down with regard to watering, 
but great care is necessary, as oversupplies produce mildew, which is 
one of the worst pests to which Roses are subject. It may be avoided 
by judicious watering, but in case of its appearance the best means of 
eradication is to make the water-pipes hot and then paint them with a 
mixture of flowers of sulphur and milk. During the months of March, 
April, and May the syringe should be freely used, as red spider will 
appear if the atmosphere be kept too dry. Green fly is sure to present 
itself, and may be kept in check by frequent use of the syringe; 
if, however, it makes headway, the best means of extermination is 
fumigating, which should be done on a still evening after sunset, 
syringing the plants thoroughly next morning. 
With regard to stimulants, liquid manure from the cowyard is doubt¬ 
less the best, and may be applied in a diluted state twice a week, failing 
that clear soot water is a good substitute, liquid from the horse stable 
being dangerous. If evaporating pans are provided on the water pipes 
it is a good plan to fill these with some ammoniacal liquid manure, as 
this strengthens the foliage. Roses when in bloom are benefited by 
being shaded with roller blinds, which ought to be green, and not too 
thick or heavy. After the flowering season is over the plants should be 
plunged in ashes outdoors, the surface of the pots be covered with some 
rough hotbed material, and all flower buds kept removed until 
September. 
In conclusion Mr. Cant said that many people were of the opinion 
that Tea and Hybrid Perpetual Roses could not be grown satisfactorily 
in the same house, but he had experienced no such difficulties, both 
being perfectly at home. Rose-growing under glass, he said, is a most 
interesting occupation, as they are there free from the atmospheric 
drawbacks which often affect them out of doors. At the close of the 
lecture a hearty vote of thanks was accorded to Mr. Cant for his interest¬ 
ing paper. 
RED SPIDER ON VINES. 
This pest on Vines is, I think, the worst of all, and when once 
established on the green leaves nothing will move them except the 
sponge. I have experienced bad cases of the red spider, and have 
sponged whole houses of Vines, but even after that the Vines have 
appeared checked, caused, I believe, by the rubbing of the leaves, 
closing many of the pores, and inteirupting the leaves breathing or 
feeding on the atmosphere. 
Some growers recommend the use of soft water from the syringe. 
That I have tried, but at the expense of getting marked berries, and 
without the rich bloom we like to see on the exhibition table. I do not 
attribute much value to the spider harbouring under the bark of Vines, 
as I conclude that if the state of the Vines and the condition of 
vineries are suitable for the pest it will reach there, notwithstanding 
the extreme means that have been taken in cleansing house and 
Vines. In my opinion, spider travels in the air, and lodges in any 
suitable place. Take for instance Beans. Fill a house, and have in 
no other plants. Place some near the hot-water pipes, fairly well 
heated, and the atmosphere rather dry ; spider will appear on them in 
a very short time. Another instance which came under my notice last 
season. In my early Hamburgh house I forced Strawberries, and when 
just ripening I was surprised to find them covered with spider, and the 
Vine leaves nearly touching them. I quickly removed the Strawberries 
to other quarters, and on examination I found none on the Vines, but 
for prevention I dusted the shelf with flowers of sulphur. 
I do not think the flowers of sulphur had all to do in keeping them 
clear. I believe over-cropping, which means stagnation to growth ; 
borders allowed to become too dry, damping down not regularly done, 
over-heating of hot-water pipes all breed red spider. I use liquid 
manure from the farmyard, putting a little in the vapourating troughs 
as a preventive of red spider.— W. Coates, Darnhall Hall. 
ROYAL NATIONAL TULIP SOCIETY. 
The annual northern exhibition of this Society was held on Tuesday, 
June 4th, in the Free Library, Middleton, near Manchester. The 
library, which was kindly lent free of charge by the Corporation, with 
its good accommodation and interesting surroundings, made an ideal 
exhibition place ; and the growers, who came in good numbers from far 
and near, were delighted with their visit to the town. The people of 
Middleton, from the Mayor and the Rector downward, did their best to 
make the visit a pleasant one to the members of the Tulip Society, and 
it is most likely that the show will next year again be held at Middleton. 
The month of May this year has been a trying one to the Tulip 
grower. During the early portion Tulips were later than usual, and 
cold rough east winds prevailed ; then came a milder period, and 
the blooms began to develop quickly, but on the 14th strong rough north 
to north-west winds prevailed for a week, and progress was all but 
stopped. On the 21st it appeared as if the date chosen for the show 
would be just right; but blazing tropical weather set in, with the result 
that the flowers had but a short life of it, and were literally roasted on 
the beds. From this cause scarcely a grower could show his full 
strength, and those from early districts had not a single flower to bring. 
Notwithstanding these adverse circumstances there was a very good 
display of Tulips both in numbers and quality, the show of feathered 
flowers being far above the average. Breeders were not in good order, 
having suffered severely from the hot weather. 
The Judges, Messrs. Housley and Booth (Stockport), Woodhead 
(Staleybridge), and Keyzey (Gorton), commenced their labours at eleven 
o’clock, and it was shortly afterwards known that the silver cup for the 
best stand of twelve rectified flowers, which is the “ blue ribbon ” of the 
exhibition, had been won by Mr. James W. Bentley of Stake Hill House, 
near Middleton, whose success was locally very popular, and that Mr. 
Charles W. Needham was second. As the judging proceeded it became 
apparent that the local growers were getting the principal prizes, their 
flowers being, generally speaking, in the better condition. The Rev. 
F. D. Horner, President of the Society, who had managed to save about 
half a dozen blooms, took the first prize for “ pairs ” with two fine 
flowers, which gave the growers an idea of what he could have done had 
he been able to come in strength. Messrs. Moorhouse, Jones, Dymock, 
Kitchen, Mellor, and Gill all exhibited some excellent flowers, and all 
had sad stories to tell of grand flowers ruined by the intense heat. 
The usual varieties, such as Sir Joseph Paxton feathered and flamed. 
Masterpiece, Dr. Hardy, Mabel, Annie McGregor, and Talisman, were 
shown in good style, although some of the earlier ones, such as Bessie 
and Chancellor, were almost practically over, and never was the import¬ 
ance of growing some late varieties, such as Queen of the May, Charle¬ 
magne, Beauty of Litchurch, Typo, and Nimbus better exemplified. 
Among little known varieties the following were very good—Alnert, 
feathered bizarre ; George Edward, feathered bybloemen ; Mrs. Collier, 
feathered rose; Mrs. Longbottom, flamed bybloemen, shown by Mr. 
Bentley ; and Sarah Ann, feathered rose ; Lewis W. Morris, feathered 
bizarre ; and Collier’s Seedling, rose breeder, shown by the veteran 
grower, Mr. John Morris, whose re-appearance as an exhibitor was 
heartily welcomed. The Rev. F. D. Horner showed some seedling bybloemen 
breeders of great promise, and the seedling bizarre breeders of the late 
Mr. Lloyd, shown by Messrs. Bentley and Needham, were very good. 
After the judging was finished the public were admitted, and the Mayor, 
Mr. Alderman Thorpe, in an admirable little speech, welcomed the Tulip 
Society to the town and declared the show open. The growers and 
friends then adjourned to the old Elizabethan inn, the Boar’s Head, for 
luncheon. The Mayor presided, supported by the members and friends, 
among whom we saw Messrs. Bennett Poe and Barr of London, Dr. 
Pegge of Beeston, Notts, and Messrs. Cliff (Leeds), and Barratt 
(^Stockport). 
The show was largely patronised by the public, and local horti¬ 
culturists were interested in competing for extra prizes offered for 
groups of plants. Pansies, Ferns, and cut blooms, the presence of which 
among the Tulips greatly improved the show from the ordinary spec¬ 
tator’s point of view. The following is a list of the awards. 
Rectified Tulips. 
Class 1. Twelve rectified Tvlips, two feathered and two flamed in 
each class. —First, Mr. James W. Bentley, Stakebill, Middleton, with 
Mrs. Atkin and Mrs. Collier, feathered roses ; Mabel and Triomphe 
Royale, flamed roses ; George Edward and King of the Universe, feathered 
bybloemens ; Talisman and Queen of the May, flamed bybloemens; 
Albert and Sir Joseph Paxton, feathered bizarres; Sir Joseph Paxton 
and Dr. Hardy, flamed bizarres. Second, Mr. Charles W. Needham, 
Royley, Royton, with Vicar of Radford and Mabel, feathered roses ; 
Mabel and Madame St. Arnaud, flamed roses ; Elizabeth Pegg and Nellie 
Hughes, feathered bybloemens; Charlemagne and Talisman, flamed 
bybloemens ; Masterpiece and Magnum Bonum, feathered bizarres ; Sir 
Joseph Paxton and Dr. Hardy, flamed bizarres. Third, Mr. A. Moor¬ 
house, Wakefield, with Mrs. Lea and Thomas Parker, feathered roses ; 
Madame St. Arnaud and Mabel, flamed roses ; George Hardwick and 
Queen of the May, feathered Dyblcemens ; Queen of the May and Hep- 
worth’s Seedling, flamed bybloemens ; Sir Joseph Paxton and Master¬ 
piece, feathered bizarres; Sir Joseph Paxton and Dr. Hardy, flamed 
bizarres. Fourth, Mr. W. Kitchen, Marple, with Heroine and Alice, 
feathered roses ; Heroine and Annie McGiegor, flamed roses ; Violet 
Aimable and Violet Lillard, feathered bybloemens ; Talisman and King 
of the Universe, flamed bybloemens ; Typo and Sir Joseph Paxton, 
feathered bizarres ; Dr. Hardy and Polyphemus, flamed bizarres. Fifth, 
