May 9, 1895. 
JOURITAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
417 
Insects In AXusbroom Bel (ZT. i?.).—The “ Kiub ” is the larva 
of one of the Rove or “cocktail” beetleg, a smaller species than the 
“ devil’j coach horse,” and though one of the Staplylinidm belongs 
to another genus. It is Staphylinus erythropteris, and is 
mainly carnivorous, but feeds more or less on decayed vegetable 
or not healthy plants. We have no experience of its injuring Mush¬ 
rooms, but it may feed on those in a state of decay. The “ white 
worm,” are not eelworms, but common in decaying wet matter, and 
certainly attack the roots of many plants. It is called Euchytraeus 
Buckholzi. The salt or nitrate of soda solution will destroy the pests, 
but there is danger in making the beds too wet for the Mushrooms. The 
“specimens” last sent in a box without any packing were shaken and 
dried into dust-like particles. 
Vine Iicaves Injured {Profit'). —The Muscat Vine leaves are very 
stout in texture, and there is no mildew, or any discernible disease on 
them. Their appearance suggests an overdose of ammonia vapour, 
accelerated by the house being kept close during the prevalence of the 
late dull damp weather, and on a return to bright days not giving proper 
care to the ventilation. The tissues are considerably thickened, especially 
on the upper surface, and to some extent scorched. We do not see in 
what way defective root action could produce the condition of the leaves, 
as the supply of matter from some source has been abundant, and it is 
hardly likely it would be wholly derived from stored material. Defective 
root action, however, would prove disastrous to the foliage after a spell 
of dull weather, for on a return of bright days the amount of evaporation 
would be much increased, and the demand for sap proportionate. This 
would produce flagging and to some extent scorching, but we consider 
the mischief is caused mainly by the ammonia vapour, or some such 
agent acting on the epidermal cells. 
A Good Pansy {T. T,). —The points to be aimed at in a Pansy may 
be described as follows :—1, Each bloom should be nearly perfectly 
circular, flat, and very smooth at the edge ; every notch or unevenness 
being a blemish. 2, The petals should be thick, and of a rich velvety 
texture. 3, Whatever may be the colours, the principal or ground 
colour of the three lower petals should be alike ; whether it be white, 
yellow, or straw colour, plain, fringed, or blotched, there should not in 
these three petals be a shade difference in the principal colour ; and 
the white, yellow, or straw colour should be pure. I, Whatever may be 
the character of the marks or darker pencillings on the ground colour, 
they should be bright, dense, distinct, and retain their character, with¬ 
out running or flushing—that is, mixing with the ground colour. 5, 
The two upper petals should be perfectly uniform, whether dark or 
light, or fringed or blotched. The two petals immediately under them 
should be alike, and the lower petal, as before observed, must have the 
same ground colour and character as the two above it, and the pencilling 
or marking of the eye in the three lower petals must not break through 
to the edges. 6, If flowers are equal in other respects, the larger, if not 
the coarser, is the better ; but no flower should be shown that is under 
IJ inch across. 7, Ragged or notched edges, crumpled petals, indentures 
on the petal, indistinct markings or pencillings, and flushed or run 
colours, are great blemishes ; but if a bloom has one ground colour to 
the lower petal and another colour to the side ones, or if it has two 
shades of ground colour at all, it is not a show flower. The yellow within 
the eye is not considered ground colour. 
Vine Growths Seformed {B. and, IF. 5.).—Although the 
crumpled condition and the discolouration of the leaves betokened 
“ browning ” disease, there is nothing discoverable of that nature in 
the internal tissues, and beyond a slight clamminess no traces outside 
of slime fungus (Plasmadiophora vitis). On looking at the cuts where 
the winter pruning had been effected we found a curious consortism of 
fungi—one the sclerotium of the fungus called Polyactis,or more properly 
Botrytis cinerea, and from it the Peziza form in grand array, with its my¬ 
riads of spores which give rise to the Botrytis again. Associated with these 
was the very common glaucous mould (Aspergillus glaucus), and also 
Penicillium glaucum. There was likewise growths of a Botrytis, but an 
abnormal form of any figured species, if one. These were all external 
and sprang from the cut, except the Peziza, which was from a sclerotium 
on the bark, and not one would account for the condition of the Vine 
growth. On cutting through the spur transversely the wood was found 
discoloured, and this continued down, and passed up the young shoots 
as a blackish stain. This stain proceeded from the external cut surface, 
not by the pith, but between the bark and young wood, and not being 
present below the growths indicates that the parasite entered by the 
wound. What the parasite is we are unable to say, as there is no out¬ 
growth directly traceable therefrom, or is the mycelium at all 
characteristic of any of the fungi named ; but if, as we 
anticipate, some parts of the affected growths become decayed 
and mouldy, we may determine the cause of the mischief, which 
may be a parasite of the worst kind. If such outgrowths appear we 
should be pleased to examine them. In the meanwhile we advise 
dressing the cuts—the old wounds caused in pruning—with a solution 
of sulphate of iron, 1 oz. to a gallon of water, applying with a stiflflsh 
or half-worn clean painter’s sash brush. It would have been better to 
dress the whole cane or rod, and it may yet be done, using it on the old 
and last year’s wood only. An application of air-slaked lime, dry and 
floury, to the border would also be beneficial, employing from a peck 
to half a bushel per rod, either leaving on the surface for washing in, 
or slightly pointing into the soil. 
Names of Plants.— We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seeds and termed florists’flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm 
boxes. Slightly damp moss, soft green grass, or leaves form the best 
packing, dry wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named 
at once, and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(IF. A'.).—Dendrobium fimbriatum oculatum. (P. B.). —1, Lychnis 
dioica rosea plena; 2, Muscari botryoides (Grape Hyacinth); 3, 
Fritillaria meleagris alba; I, Anemone pulsatilla. (0. G.M!). —1, 
Dendrobium Wardianum, good form; 2, Odontoglossum triumphans ; 
3, Cattleya Trianae, very fine variety. (P. T. P.).—1, Anthericum 
variegatum ; 2, a Tradescantia, varietal name undeterminable from such 
a withered specimen; 3, Selaginella Kraussiana; 4, Adiantum pubes- 
cens ; 5, Nephrolepis exaltata; G, Dicksonia antarctica. {Siinhe.am ).— 
Ribes aureum. (i7. M. Kerria japonica flore-pleno; 2, 
Amelanchier Botryapium (Snowy Mespilus) ; 3, Pulmonaria officinalis ; 
4, Cytisus albus luteus ; 5, Epimedium alpinum. 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET.— May 8th. 
Trade brisker. Indoor produce in full supply. The first con.signments 
Tasmanian Apples arriving soft. 
of 
Apples, per half sieve .. 1 
„ Nova Scotia, per 
barrel.10 
„ Tasmanian, per 
case.8 
d. 8. 
6 to 4 
FRUIT, 
d. 
0 21 0 
0 11 0 
Oobs, per 100 lbs. .. 
Grapes, per lb. 
Lemons, case .. .. 
St. Michael Pines, each 
Strawberries, per lb. ,. 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 
Beet, Red, dozen. 
Carrots, bunch. 
Cauliflowers, dozen .. .. 
Celery, bundle . 
Ooleworts, dozen bunches 
Cucumbers, dozen .. .. 
Endive, dozen . 
Herbs, bunch .. .. .. 
Leeks, bunch . 
Lettuce, dozen. 
Mushrooms, punnet ,. ., 
average wholesale 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms ,. 
Azalea, dozen sprays .. .. 
Asparagus Fern, per bunch 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
Daffodils, (dbl.),doz. bchs. 
„ (single), doz. bchs. 
Eucharis, dozen. 
Gardenias, dozen .. 
Geranium, scarlet, doz. 
bunches. 
Lilac (French) per bunch 
Lilium longiflorum, dozen 
Marguerites, 12 bunches .. 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
bunches. 
Orchids, dozen blooms .. 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
Primula (double), dozen 
sprays . 
VEGETABLES, 
d. 8. d. 
0 to 0 0 
0 0 0 
1 6 
0 0 
0 9 
0 9 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
Parsnips, dozen .. .. 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
Salsafy, bundle .. .. 
Seakale, per basket ,. 
Scorzonera, bundle ., 
Spinach, bushel ., 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
PRICES.-OUT FLOWERS.—Orchid Blooms in 
8. d. a. d. 
3 0 to 4 0 Roses (indoor), dozen 
0 6 10 „ Tea, white, dozen 
Yellow, dozen . 
Safrano (English), 
6 0 
5 0 
4 0 
1 C 
6 0 
1 6 
6 0 
9 0 
6 0 
6 0 
3 0 
8 0 
12 0 
9 0 
0 6 10 
Arbor Vitae (golden) dozen 6 
Aspidistra, dozen .. .. 18 
Aspidistra, specimen plant 5 
Azaleas, each .3 
Cinerarias, per doz. .. 
Cyclamen, dozen 
Dracaena, various, dozen 
Dracaena viridis, dozen 
Erica, various, dozen 
Euonymus, var., dozen 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 6 
Wems. ill varietv. dozen .. 4 
8 
9 
12 
9 
9 
6 
PLANTS 
d. 
8 . 
d. 
0 to 12 
0 
0 
36 
0 
0 
10 
6 
6 
4 
0 
0 
10 
0 
0 
12 
0 
0 
30 
0 
0 
18 
0 
0 
18 
0 
0 
18 
0 
0 
24 
0 
0 
18 
0 
„ (French), yellow, doz. 
blooms. 
„ (French), Red, dozen 
blooms . 
Smilax, per bunch .. .. 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms.. 
Violets (English), dozen 
bunches. 
Violets (French), Parme, 
per bunch . 
Violets (French), Czar, per 
bunch . 
Violets (French), Victoria, 
dozen bunches,. 
Ferns (small) per hundred 
Ficus elastica, each ., 
Foliage plants, var., each 
Genistas, per dozen ., 
Hyacinths, dozen 
Lycopodiums, dozen .. 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
Palms, in var., each 
„ (specimens) 
s. 
d. 
a. 
d 
15 
0 
to 0 
0 
1 
6 
4 
6 
10 
0 
15 
0 
2 
0 
6 
0 
1 
0 
5 
0 
9. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
0 
2 
to 0 
0 
3 
6 
4 
0 
2 
0 
3 
0 
1 
0 
0 
fi 
2 
0 
4 
0 
1 
0 
1 
h 
0 
6 
1 
0 
1 
6 
0 
1 
0 
3 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
6 
1 
0 
0 
3 
U 
4 
s in variety. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d 
0 
6 
to 1 
0 
1 
6 
2 
6 
2 
0 
3 
0 
2 
0 
3 
0 
1 
6 
2 
0 
2 
0 
2 
6 
4 
0 
6 
0 
0 
4 
0 
6 
1 
6 
2 
6 
2 
6 
3 
6 
2 
0 
4 
0 
2 
6 
4 
0 
8. 
d. 8. 
d. 
: 4 
0 
to 6 
0 
1 
0 
7 
0 
2 
0 
10 
0 
8 
0 
10 
0 
9 
0 
12 
0 
3 
0 
4 
0 
8 
0 
10 
0 
6 
0 
9 
0 
. 1 
0 
15 
0 
21 
0 
63 
0 
. 4 
0 
6 
0 
BUTTER. 
Inquiries about points of practice in butter-making which, 
have come to us recently from several of our readers are a 
reminder that the circulation of the Journal is ever increasing) 
that facts with which its older readers are familiar are either 
quite unknown to new readers, or such knowledge as they 
possess is vague, indefinite, misleading, and that it is not only 
important but imperative that vital points of practice shall be 
repeated with sufficient frequency to help them, and we may 
well add, to jog the memory of old practitioners. 
