February 22, 1894, 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
157 
russet hair, with some warts on it. It lies over the winter, and is, 
without dispute, the most pleasant Apple that grows, having a most 
pleasant aromatic hautgust, and melting in the mouth.’ It is called 
St. Leonard’s Nonpareil about Horsham from being grown under that 
name at Leonard’s Lee, near that town.” 
Compost for Plants (^Reader'). —When Tuberous Begonias are 
started into growth in small pots a rather light and free compost is used 
by the chief growers, consisting of equal parts of the best turfy loam of 
medium texture, very sweet leaf soil, and cocoa-nut fibre refuse, 
adding some crushed charcoal and saml for insuring porosity. When 
transferred to larger pots twice the proportion of loam is used to the 
other ingredients, and if the plants are strong and large, very sweet pul¬ 
verised manure may be substituted for the fibre refuse, adding a pound 
of bonemeal to half a bushel of soil. The larger the plants and pots the 
rougher the compost should be, and the more firmly pressed down. 
Caladiums will grow well in similar compost, though some persons 
employ fibrous peat with loam and leaf mould in the early stages of 
growth. Camellias thrive admirably in the same mixture, but the loam 
should not contain lime, and it should be of a good wearing character, 
not full of sand or silt, or it will settle into a close mass. Much peat 
and leaf mould are of little value, and some little short of poisonous to 
plants ; and it is well also to remember that unless good management 
in watering and o'her details is accorded throughout, plants will not 
thrive in even the best of soil. 
Flowers for Cutting (^Flower Grower'). —We have had too much 
experience to recommend any varieties as the “ best ” that could be 
grown. What would prove such in one case might be otherwise in 
another, so much depending upon circumstances. The following have 
been found good for market purposes : Pompon Dahlias—Brilliant, 
deep crimson; E. F. Junker, pale amber; Isabel, orange scarlet; 
Whisper, clear yellow, edged with gold ; Lady Blanche, white ; White 
Aster, pure white. ” Show ” Dahlias would be of no service to you. It is 
Cactus Dahlias you want, and six good varieties of the latter are 
Amphion, chrome yellow; Cannell’s Favourite, old gold; Juarezi, 
intense scarlet; Maid of Kent, cherry red, crimson ground, tipped with 
white ; Mont Blanc, large white ; and Constance, white. Six border 
Carnations that should suit you are Mrs. Reynolds Hole, apricot, terra 
cotta shading ; Germania, yellow ; Countess of Paris, delicate peach ; 
The Old Clove, crimson ; Mrs. Muir, white ; and Gloire de Nancy, white. 
Presumably you mean Zonal Pelargoniums, and you scarcely need grow 
a dozen of these, there being small demand for single flowers. Good 
doubles are F. V. Raspail, scarlet, the one most extensively grown ; 
Turtle’s Surprise, a miniature F.V. Raspail; Grand Chancellor Faideherbe, 
deep crimson ; Lord Hartiogton, salmon ; Heroine, white ; and Swanley 
Double White. Tea Roses would be of the most service, and of these 
you may plant Madame Lambard, bright rose, fine buds; Anna Ollivier, 
flesh colour ; Hon. Edith Gifford, white, tinted rose ; Isabella Sprunt, 
sulphur yellow, buds good ; Madame Falcot, apricot yellow, also 
recommended for its buds ; The Bride, fine white ; and Catherine 
Mermet, pink or flesh colour. Plant The Czar Violet in the position you 
name, though it would do better quite in the open. 
Propagating Hardy Ferns from Spores (^R. T.) —Choose a pot 
which a bellglass will just fit within the rim, place a large crock over 
the hole, half fill the pot wiih small pieces, and on them place half an 
inch of moss ; then fill the pot to the rim with the following mixture— 
viz., sandstone broken in all sizes from that of a grain to a hazel nut, 
sandy fibrous peat and yellow fibrous loam, of each equal parts, adding 
to the whole one-sixth of silver sand. Put over the surface a very 
small quantity of sifted soil, and make it firm by pressing it with the 
hand. Put on the bellglass, and if it fits closely on the soil it is all right. 
Remove it, and stand the pot in a pan in a rather st'ady but not dark 
part of the greenhouse, for what is wanted is a diffused though not a 
strong light. Give a good watering all over the surface through a fine- 
rosed watering pot, filling the pan with water. Now take the frond 
with the spore cases open, and, holding it over the pot, rub it with the 
hand on the under side, and a kind of brown or yellow dust will fall on 
the soil. You may scrape the spore cases from the back of the fronds, 
but if the dust fall so as to make the soil brown or yellow it is enough. 
Press the surface gently with the hand and put on the bellglass, taking 
care that it touch the surface all round. Keep the p<n or saucer full of 
water, and give none on the surface except it become dry, which it never 
ought to do, nor will it if sufficiently shaded and the saucer be kept 
full of water. When the surface becomes green tilt the bellglass a little 
on one side at night, and as the soil becomes greener tilt it higher, 
giving a gentle watering now and then to keep the surface from becoming 
dry. When the plants have made two or three fronds gradually remove 
the bellglass, and pot the Ferns when they can be bandied safely. 
The pots may be placed in a pit or a shaded position in a greenhouse. 
Hames of Plants.—We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Shgntly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, 
dry wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at 
once, and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(ZT. M.). —1, Ficus repens ; 2, Adiantum cuneatum. (Z. K).—1, 
Maranta Veitchi; 2, Freesia Leichtlini. {D. F). —Dracaena indivisa. 
(JST. Y. Z.) —1, Cypripedium superbiens ; 2, G. barbatum. (2?. //) —1, 
Linna flavum ; 2, Monochaetum, possibly sericeum multiflorum ; 3, Aloe 
socotrana. 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET. —February 21st. 
Market still very quiet. 
FRUIT. 
6. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d 
Apples, per bushel .. 
2 
6 
to 9 
0 
Peaches, per doz. 
0 
0 to 0 
0 
Cobs . 
40 
0 
42 
6 
Plums, per half sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Crapes per lb. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
St. Michael Pines, each .. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Lemons, case . 
10 
0 
15 
0 
Strawberries per lb. 
10 
0 
16 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
S. 
d 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Beans, Kidney, per lb, .. 
0 
6 
to 1 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punnet 
0 
2 to 0 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bushel. 
3 
6 
4 
0 
Carrots, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Parsley, dozen bunches .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Parsnips, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle . 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Potatoes, per cwt . 
2 
0 
4 
6 
Ooleworts, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy, bundle. 
1 
0 
1 
5 
Cucumbers, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
7 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen . 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Seakale, per basket .. 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Herbs, bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Shallots, per lb . 
0 
3 
a 
0 
Leeks, bunch . 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Spinach, bushel .. .. ., 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Lettuce, dozen . 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb . 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Mushrooms, punnet .. ,. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Turnips, bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
0 
AVERAGE 
WHOLESALE 
PRICES.—OUT FLOWERS, 
Orchid Blooms in variety. 
8. 
d. 
8 . 
d 
8 . 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
2 
0 
to 4 
0 
Orchids, per dozen blcoms 
3 
Oto 12 
0 
Azalea, dozen sprays.. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Bouvardias, buuch .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
Camellias, dozen blooms .. 
0 
9 
2 
0 
bunches. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Poinsettia, doz. blooms .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Chrysanthemums, dozen 
Primula (double), dozen 
bunches. 
4 
0 
12 
0 
sprays . 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Eucharis, dozen. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Pyrethrum, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Gardenias, per dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Roses (indoor), dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Hyacinths, dozen spikes .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ Tea, white, dozen .. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Hyacinth, Roman, dozen 
„ Yellow, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
sprays . 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Roses, Safrano (French), 
Lilac ( French') per bunch 
3 
6 
6 
0 
per dozen . 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Lilies of the Valley, dozen 
Roses, Safrano (English), 
sprays . 
0 
6 
1 
0 
per dozen. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Lilium longiflorum, per 
Roses, Mareohal Nail, per 
dozen . 
6 
0 
12 
0 
dozen . 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
Tuberoses. 12 blooms.. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
bunches. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Tulips, dozen blooms 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Marguerites, 12 bunches .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Violets, Parme (French), 
Mignonette. 12 bunches .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
per bunch. 
2 
0 
3 
6 
Narciss, Yellow (French), 
Violets, Czar (French), per 
dozen bunches .. .. 
1 
6 
2 
6 
bunch . 
2 
0 
2 
6 
Narciss, White (French), 
Violets (English), dozen 
dozen bunches. 
3 
0 
5 
0 
bunches . 
1 
0 
2 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
B. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
a. 
d. 
Arbor Vitae (golden) dozen 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Ficus eiastica, each .. .. 
1 
0 to 
7 
6 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each.. 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Aspidistra, per dozen 
18 
0 
36 
0 
Genista, per dozen .. .. 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Aspidistra, specimen plant 
5 
0 
10 
6 
Hyacinths, per dozen 
5 
0 
9 
0 
Az.'ileas, per dozen .. 
24 
0 
42 
0 
Lilium Harrissi, per dozen 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Cineraria, per dozen .. .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Lycopodiums, per dozen .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Cyclamen, per dozen.. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Dracaena termiualis, per 
Mignonette, per doz. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
dozen. 
18 
0 
42 
0 
Myrtles, dozen . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Dracaena viridis, dozen ,. 
9 
0 
24 
0 
Palms, in var.. each . . 
1 
0 
15 
0 
Ericas, per dozen ., ., 
9 
0 
24 
0 
„ (specimens) .. .. 
21 
0 
63 
0 
Euonvmus. var.. dozen .. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Poinsettia, per dozen.. .. 
12 
0 
15 
0 
Evergreens, in var.. dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Solanums. per dozen.. .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen .. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Tulips, per dozen .. .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Ferns (small'i per hundred 
4 
0 
8 
0 
GALLOWAYS. 
“ Galloways are admittedly a hardy race, which can be kept 
the g-eater part of the year in the open, with the sky as the only 
roof above them, and far from being epicures, they will pick up 
and thrive on coarse herbage that some of the more dainty breeds 
would be slow to consume.” So wi-ites the Rev. John Gillespie, 
Editor of the “ Galloway Herd Book,” in the *• Live Stock 
Journal Almanac.” The hardiness strikes one as the primary 
characteristic even when seeing a few of this remarkable breed 
of polled cattle at an ordinary cattle show. We had so seen 
them, and must admit not being part cularly impressed by them 
in the showyard. Nor was it till we recently saw the Border 
Blackskins on their native heath in considerable numbers, that 
we were able to appreciate the full force, value, and truth of 
Mr Gillespie’s description of them On hill and dale did we 
see them out on the bleak Cumberland Fells, thriving on the 
coarse herbage almost as well as those on the richer pastures 
of the alluvium of the river Eden. Not quite as well, nor were 
the hill herds so presentable as the dale beasts, many of which, 
