232 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
March 22, 189'<. 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
9. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
B. 
Arbor Vitse (goAenl dozen 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Ferns (smalll per hundred 
4 
0 to 
8 
Arum Lilies, per dozeu .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Ficus eiastica, each .. .. 
1 
0 
7 
Aspidistra, per dozen 
18 
0 
36 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each 
2 
0 
10 
Aspidistra, specimen plant 
5 
0 
10 
6 
Genista, per dozen ., .. 
9 
0 
15 
Azaleas, per dozen .. ., 
24 
0 
42 
0 
Hyacinths, per dozen 
5 
0 
9 
Cineraria, per dozen .. ., 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Lilium Harrissi, per dozen 
15 
0 
18 
Cyclamen, per dozen.. .. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Lycopodiums, per dozen .. 
3 
0 
4 
Dracmna termiualis, per 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 
6 
0 
12 
dozen. 
18 
0 
42 
0 
Mignonette, per doz. 
6 
0 
10 
Dracrena viridis, dozen .. 
9 
0 
24 
0 
Myrtles, dozen . 
6 
0 
9 
Ericas, per dozeu .. .. 
9 
0 
24 
0 
Palms, in var.. each .. .. 
1 
0 
15 
Euonvmus. var.. dozen .. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
,, (specimens) ., .. 
21 
0 
63 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
21 
0 
Solauums, per dozen.. .. 
9 
0 
12 
Ferns, in variety, dozen .. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Tulips, per dozen .. .. 
6 
0 
9 
This is a form of disease wLich has caused and is causing 
so much inconvenience and such serious losses to farmers that 
the efforts now being made by the Board of Agriculture to stamp 
it out ought to receive the hearty co operation of every bi’eeder 
of pigs. Upon the face of it this would appear to be a simple 
enough matter, the fever having been described as a specific, 
contagious, and infectious fever, affecting the pig, associated 
with local disease of the lungs, the lymphatic glands, and the 
mucous membrane of the digestive canal- That a disease so 
clearly defined should be easy of detection would seem to be a 
certainty; yet Dr. Klein proved long ago that swine may suffer 
from swine fever in a perfectly well-defined form, readily trans¬ 
mitted to other swine, without showing any of the distinctive 
signs of the disorder, and in some cases without the appearance 
of any symptoms of illness. Herein lies the chief risk to the 
purchaser of store pigs on market. 
It is within our own experience that sturdy robust looking 
stores, apparently perfectly healthy, and satisfactory in every 
way so far as appearance goes, may be purchased with every 
assurance by the dealer that they are a bargain. Tet sooner or 
later they go wrong; they either had swine fever before being 
driven to market or caught it while there. How it is impossible 
to say, for where the disease exists its germs may spread through 
an entire market, to the subsequent loss of all who purchase 
store pigs there to feed at home. To the dealer it is not so 
serious a matter ; acting in perfect good faith he may buy and 
sell fever-struck swine with the symptoms so undeSned that no 
one concerned in the transaction has any suspicion of fever. So 
the disease is spread far and wide, the most secluded farm 
suffering alike with that near the market, and sufferers by heavy 
losses from this vexatious cause may well inquire what is to be 
done. 
Probably the stamping out process is far more difficult than 
is commonly supposed. The mere slaughter of every pig upon 
a farm should be followed at once by a much more thorough 
process of disinfection than is usual. Old wooden structures 
with unsound floors are the most difficult to deal with—so 
difficult that the disinfection is anything but thorough. It is 
only when the buildings are of brick or stonework, and the 
floors of concrete, that disinfection can be thorough. In all 
buildings where microbes or disease germs can effect a lodge¬ 
ment in woodwork or floors, the case appears hopeless indeed. 
It has been distinctly laid down * that the imperfect cleansing 
and disinfection of premises may be reckoned among the causes 
which have contributed to the continuance of swine fever, not¬ 
withstanding the operations of regulations which might have 
been expected to produce good results. Very frequently swine 
are kept in places which cannot be cleansed and disinfected 
effectually, so as to make them safe for the next pigs 
♦ Eeport on Swine Fever in Great Britain, by Professor Brown. 
wh'ch will be brought in as soon as the place is declared free. 
Old half decayed styes with mouldy floors cannot be cleared of 
infection by any known process. The only course in such cases 
is to remove the infection-saturated timber and soil, and submit 
them to the action of fire ; but no power is vested in the 
authorities to do this necessary work, and the only expedient 
which they can employ is that of refusing to declare the 
infected premises free until the necessary alterations and im¬ 
provements are completed. 
So the matter stands, and it is obvious that while pigs are 
so frequently kept in unsanitary buildings, and are removed 
from them alive for sale in open market, so long will swine 
fev^er continue to break out with more or less virulence. This 
is clearly a matter for legislation. Once make it [penal to use 
improper buildings for swine, and a real step in the direction 
of prevention will have been taken. It is indeed hard that those 
who are doing their utmost to stamp out this fearful pest 
should have their efforts defeated by the carelessness of those 
who pay no heed to sanitation—have no sense of moral 
obligation in this matter. 
WORK ON THE HOME FARM. 
Grass land reserved for hay has been dressed with chemical manure, 
bush-harrowed and rolled. On park land where there is much timber, 
much dead wood is blown down by winter storms; we allow the 
labourers’ wives to have this upon condition of clean work being made in 
the collection of it. A thorough harrowing with bush or chain harrows 
spreads and breaks up the excreta of sheep and cattle, which has some 
slight manurial value—only slight when grazing animals are allowed to 
ramble about. It is only in folds that sheep ever impart a thorough 
dressing of manure to land. Yet many a dairy farm do we know where 
not one penny is ever spent upon chemical manure, nor is a sheepfold 
ever set. Can it be matter for surprise that the pasture of such 
neglected land is poor, or that it is practically worthless in even a short 
drought 1 
A poor meadow falling in hand at Lady Day has set us thinking 
what can be done with it to obtain a useful bite this season. It is so 
poor that we cannot use nitrate of soda alone to be safe, and we have 
decided to use with the nitrate some steamed bone flour and muriate of 
potash, say a hundredweight of each of the nitrate and bone flour, and 
half a hundredweight of potash. With showery weather in April this will 
do some good, and the prospect of April showers this year is favourable. 
Next autumn this meadow will be drained and subsequently manured 
systematically. There is always a risk of waste in the use of manure on 
land imperfectly drained. As a general rule drainage should come 
before using manure, but there are exceptions, and this is one of them. 
Do not forget to make due provision of other green crops besides 
pasture. Mixed seeds. Clover, and Sainfoin have been sown with corn. 
We prefer sowing Italian Rye alone, as it becomes useful quickly, and 
under generous treatment it grows with marvellous rapidity. It is alike 
useful for cows, cattle, sheep in folds, and the hay is excellent for 
horses, very superior to the wiry Timothy hay of which so much has been 
imported recently. 
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 
OAMDEs Square. Loudon. 
Lat.Sl® 32'40'' N.: Loag.O'^S'O" W.; Altitude, 111 feet. 
DATE. 
9 A.M. 
In the Day. 
A 
A 
A 
1894. 
March. 
1 Barometer 
1 at32‘',and 
I Sea Level. 
Hygrometer. 
Direc¬ 
tion of 
Wind. 
Temp, 
of soil 
at 
1 foot. 
Shade Tem¬ 
perature. 
Radiation 
Temperature 
Dry. 
Wet. 
Max. 
Min. 
In 
Sun. 
On 
Grass. 
Inchs. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
Inchs. 
Sunday .. 
11 
29-517 
49-8 
47-9 
S.W. 
42-8 
55-2 
45-6 
89-8 
38-3 
0-022 
Monday .. 
12 
29-697 
43-9 
40-1 
S W. 
42-2 
52-0 
38-6 
86 9 
32-1 
0-250 
Tuesday .. 
13 
2^-211 
42-1 
38-6 
W, 
42-4 
50 9 
41-2 
94-9 
39-9 
0-012 
Wednesday 
14 
29-559 
41-2 
38-3 
W. 
42-2 
50-9 
34-1 
92-0 
29-2 
0-402 
Thursday .. 
15 
29-411 
41-8 
40-2 
NE. 
42-1 
60-1 
39-3 
96-4 
36-6 
— 
Friday 
16 
29-847 
39-4 
36-8 
N. 
41-9 
50-7 
29-2 
92-3 
23-0 
— 
Saturday ,. 
17 
30-227 
35-4 
35-2 
N. 
40-9 
49-4 
30-9 
91-6 
23-3 
— 
29-638 
41-9 
39-6 
42-1 
51-3 
37-0 
92-0 
31-8 
0-686 
REMARKS. 
11th.—Overcist and damp morning, with a heavy shower at 11 A.si.; bright sunshine 
most of afternoon. 
12th.—Fair morning, with alternate gleams of sun and spots of rain ; frequent slight 
showers in afternoon, and continuous rain from 5 p.M. to midnight. 
13th.—Frequent rain from 2.30 A.M. to 7 A.M. ; generally sunny from 9 A.M., but 
occasional slight showers, especially in afternoon. 
14th.—Brilliant sunshine all morning; occasionally cloudy in afternobn, spots of rain 
at 4.15 p M., and rain from 8.30 to midnight. 
15th.—Steady rain till 5 A.M. and showers later ; overcast morning, alternate cloud and 
sunshine in afternoon. 
16th.—Almost unbroken sunshine throughout. 
17th.—Misty early; bright sunshine from 8.30 to sunset, and clear cold night. 
A rather variable week, with much bright sunshine. Frequent showers in the first 
half, and cold nights at the end. Temperature on the whole slightly above the average. 
—G. J. Symons. 
