March 29, 1894. 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
251 
aquaticus in tbe Spinach root-stem. The plants should be pulled up 
and burned, removing the root portion, then give the land a dressing of 
quicklime as hot as possible, spreading it evenly on the surface. 
Point the ground over at once 2 or 3 inches deep and sprinkle more 
quicklime on this newly turned soil. A peck to each pole of ground 
(30^ square yards) is sufficient for each dressing, or half bushel per rod 
altogether. The ground may then be dug, preferably with a fork, a spit 
deep and occupied with something different to the previous crop, say Peas 
or Beans, and before sowing or planting apply a dressing of kainit, 
using IJ lb. if the ground be rather heavy, and 2 lbs. per rod if it be 
light. 
Planting: Asparagus (J, S .').—The distance you propose—beds of 
four rows, 1 foot asunder, and the plants 1 foot apart in the rows—is 
much too close to secure fine heads. The rows should be at least 
18 inches apart, and the plants 15 inches asunder in the rows, placing 
them in alternate order. It is not necessary to have alleys at 4 feet 
intervals, but it is desirable to divide the ground into convenient plats 
or squares for convenience of gathering and weeding—say, of about 
30 yards, which can be done by omitting a row at the distance indicated, 
and providing 3 feet spaces crosswise, these being connected with the 
cartway. The plants should be placed astride a ridge formed by taking 
out a small trench on both sides of the line at an angle of about 45°, 
and if the sharp edge is rounded a good seat for the plant is secured, 
placing it so that the crown will be 2 to 3 inches below the general level. 
Spread the roots straight in the trenches, cover with soil, and make 
moderately firm, then place the soil over the crowns. The plants should 
not be more than two years old, for nothing is gained by planting older ; 
indeed, good one year’s plants are the best. The blanching is effected 
by placing soil from between the rows over the crowns in early spring, 
which is removed after the cutting is completed, leaving a depth of 
about 3 inches only. The very large heads seen in markets are the 
produce of plants planted in rows a yard apart, and 18 inches asunder 
in the rows, some allowing even more space. 
Peach Buds Falling: (AT. H ,').—There are various causes for 
Peaches and Nectarines casting their bloom buds. The evil sometimes 
arises from over-development of the bads, as in the case of trees that 
are subjected year after year to early forcing, to imperfect formation of 
the buds, due mostly to insufficient supplies of water and aliment, too 
much wood, or crowding, overcropping, and attacks of red spider. The 
buds often fall from a deficiency of moisture at the roots during the 
season of rest, but of all the causes the most fertile is that of undue 
excitement and its concomitant checks during the resting period. We 
do not think the buds falling is in your case due to the cold draughts 
through the house, but incline to the opinion that the trees have not 
been duly supplied with water and liquid manure during growth, and 
the foliage not kept free from insects, also that the trees are kept in 
too changeable an atmosphere, and too dry whilst at rest. Sometimes 
the buds fall through a careless application or an overdose of an in¬ 
secticide. The only way to escape buds falling is to attend carefully to 
the cultural requirements of the trees. We have not lost any buds of 
consequence for many years by simply lifting trees that exhibited that 
tendency, lifting being, with otherwise good management, an almost 
certain preventive, and it is equally important that the trees be exposed 
to the full influence of the atmosphere by removing the roof lights so 
soon as the buds are formed and the leaves give indications of falling 
in the case of trees that do not ripen their fruit before August, but 
very early forced trees require the lights removed so as to prevent 
premature development of the buds. The removing of the roof lights 
insures a season of complete rest instead of the alternating fluctuations 
and depressions, which are often sudden, attending trees kept under a 
fixed roof. The above details you will do well to bear in mind next 
autumn. 
Own-root Boses {H. G. M .).—The practice of growing Roses on 
their own roots has been advocated in these pages for very many years 
past, and we have not to thank the Americans for any information on 
the subject. Tea Roses are much the best for pot culture, those on their 
own roots suckering, branching, and flowering strongly and almost 
continuously. If cuttings were rooted this spring bushy plants in 
8 -inch or slightly larger pots might be grown ready for flowering next 
winter and spring. What are wanted are early cuttings. Those found 
most suitable are young shoots that have just given a bloom and others 
of the same age. These should be taken off with a heel and the tops 
shortened to the second or third leaf. Heel-less cuttings of firm young 
wood with two or even a single joint only are also suitable. Place 
them singly in thumb pots, plunge in brisk heat, and keep close, shaded, 
and steadily moist till rooted. From these small pots they should be 
early shifted into others 5 inches in diameter, and from these again into 
8 -inch pots. Use a mixture of two parts of loam to one part of leaf 
soil with sharp sand added freely for the cuttings, and the same pro¬ 
portion of yellow fibrous loam, more coarsely broken up loam, and 
adding leaf soil, some decayed manure, charcoal, and sand for the shifts. 
Plants to be kept growing in gentle heat and light position well away 
from hot-water pipes till July, when they may be either turned out in 
a sunny sheltered spot or placed in cold pits. All fiower buds to be 
picked off as they form, and this will be all the stopping needed. It is 
not often possible to obtain Tea Rose cuttings from house-grown plants, 
and your best plan will be to purchase a few plants worked or other¬ 
wise, already well established in pots. If these are placed in gentle 
heat they will soon flower and give cuttings. Similar though much 
later cuttings taken from bushes growing against sunny house or garden 
walls will root under hand-lights behind a north wall, but the plants 
thus obtained would not attain to a serviceable size the same season. 
Mar4chal Niel can be raised as advised in the case of Teas, and if the 
plants are grown without stopping they will bloom freely during the 
following spring. Varieties of Teas frequently recommended for pot 
culture on their own roots are Alba rosea, Anna Olivier, Catherine 
Mermet, Comtesse de Nadaillac, Hon. Edith Gifford, Isabella Sprunt, 
Jean Ducher, Madame Falcot, Madame Lambard, Marie Van Houtte, 
Niphetos, Rubens, Safrano, Souvenir de Th4r43e Levet, and The Bride. 
American growers plant their Roses in beds of good soil about 6 inches 
thick on benches in houses for flowering in winter, and we have heard 
the method is to be tried in this country. Very large blooms seem to 
be more valued in America than in England. 
Itirames of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
SligUtly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, 
dry wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at 
once, and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp, 
(i^. J. W .).—Daphne Mezereum. {Jonas ').— 1 and 2, forms of Den- 
drobium nobile ; 3, Dendrobium Wardianum ; 4, Cattleya intermedia ; 
5, Maxillaria picta. The flowers were very badly packed. 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET.— Maboh 28th. 
Market quiet, witU a slick demiul far house vegetables. G-rapes gradually 
rising in value. 
FRUIT. 
s. 
d. 
3. 
d. 
9. 
d. 
a. 
d. 
Apples, per bushel .. 
2 
6 
to 9 
0 
Lemons, case . 
10 
Oto 15 
0 
,, Nova Scotia, per 
Peaches, per doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
barrel. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Plums, per half sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cobs . 
43 
0 
0 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each .. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Grapes per lb. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Strawberries per lb. 
4 
0 
10 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
0. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
0. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Asparagus, per bundle 
7 
0 
to 8 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punnet 
0 
2 
to 0 
0 
Beaus, Kidney, per lb. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Onions, bushel. 
3 
6 
4 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Carrots, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Parsnips, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Potatoes, per ewt. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Celery, bundle . 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Salsafy, bundle. 
1 
0 
1 
5 
Coleworts, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumbers, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Seakale, per basket .. 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Endive, dozen . 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Shallots, per lb. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Herbs, bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Spinach, bushel. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Leeks, bunch . 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Lettuce, dozen. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Turnips, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
AVERAGE WaOIiESALE PRIOES.—OUT FLOWERS. 
Orchid Blooms in variety. 
Naroiss, White (French), 
dozen bunches. 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
bunches. 
Primula (double), dozen 
sprays . 
Primroses, doz. bunches .. 
Pyrethrum, dozen bunches 
Roses (indoor), dozen 
„ Tea, white, dozen .. 
„ Yellow, dozen .. .. 
Roses (French), per dozen 
Roses, Safrano (English), 
per dozen. 
Roses, Mareohal Neil, per 
dozen . 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms.. .. 
Tulips, dozen blooms 
Violets, Parme (French), 
per bunch. 
Violets, Ozar (French), per 
bunch . 
Violets (English), dozen 
bunches . 
Wallflowers, doz. bunches.. 
s. 
d. 
3. 
d 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
1 
6 to 
3 
0 
Azalea, dozen sprays.. .. 
Bouvardias, bunch .. 
0 
6 
0 
9 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Camellias, dozen blooms .. 
0 
9 
2 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Daffodil or Lent Lily 
1 
6 
2 
0 
„ double. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
„ single. 
2 
6 
9 
0 
Bucharis, dozen. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Gardenias, per dozen 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Hyacinths, dozen spikes -. 
Hyacinth, Roman, dozen 
2 
0 
4 
0 
sprays . 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Lilac (French) per bunch 
Lilies of the Valley, dozen 
2 
6 
4 
0 
sprays . 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Liiium longiflorum, per doz. 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
3 
0 
6 
0 
bunches. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
[ignonette, 12 bunches .. 
lyosotis or Forget-me- 
nots, dozen bunches .. 
farciss, various (French), 
dozen bunches.. 
irehids, per dozen blcoms 
3 0 
4 0 
6 0 
6 0 
4 0 
9 0 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
a. d. s. d. 
rbor Vitae (golden) dozen 6 0 to 12 0 
rum Lilies, per dozen ..6 0 12 0 
spidistra, per dozen .. 18 0 36 0 
spidistra, specimen plant 5 0 10 6 
zaleas, per dozen .. .. 24 0 42 0 
ineraria, per dozen .... 6 0 120 
yclamen, per dozen.. ..9 0 18 0 
raemna terminalis, per 
dozen.18 
9 
9 
6 
6 
4 
4 
42 0 
24 0 
24 0 
18 0 
24 0 
18 0 
8 0 
acaena viridis, dozen 
icas. per dozen .. .. 
onymus, var., dozen .. 
ergreens. in var., dozen 
rns, in variety, dozen .. 
, (small) per hundred 
Roots in variety for planting out in boxes or by the dozen. 
Ficus elastica, each .. .. 
Foliage plants, var., each 
Genista, per dozen .. .. 
Hyacinths, per dozen 
Liiium Harrissi, per dozen 
Lycopodiums, per dozen .. 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 
Mignonette, per doz. 
Palms, in var., each 
„ (specimens) 
sc irlet, per doz. 
Tulips, per dozen .. .. 
3 . 
d. 
3. 
d. 
3 
0 
to 5 
0 
6 
0 
12 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
0 
6 
1 
0 
1 
0 
2 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
1 
0 
2 
0 
1 
0 
3 
0 
2 
0 
4 
1' 
3 
0 
6 
0 
2 
0 
3 
0 
3 
0 
6 
0 
0 
6 
1 
0 
0 
6 
1 
0 
2 
0 
3 
6 
2 
0 
2 
6 
i 
0 
9 
1 
0 
, 5 
0 
7 
0 
3 . 
d. 
3. 
d. 
1 
0 to 7 
6 
2 
0 
10 
0 
9 
0 
15 
0 
5 
0 
9 
0 
2L 
0 
30 
0 
3 
0 
■4 
0 
6 
0 
12 
0 
6 
0 
10 
0 
6 
0 
9 
0 
1 
0 
15 
0 
21 
0 
63 
0 
18 
0 
24 
0 
5 
0 
9 
0 
G 
0 
9 
0 
