438 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
May 31,1894; 
Flamed Eases. 
1, Mr. Kitchen with Mabel. 
2, Mr.Bentley with Annie McGregor 
3, Mr. Bentley with Minerva. 
4 , Mr. witn Hepworth’e 23/61 
5, Mr. Kitchen with Edith. 
6, Mr. Kitchen with Bertha. 
7, Mr. Kitchen with Bose Hill. 
8, Mr. Kitchen with Madame St. 
Arnaud. 
9, Mr. Kitchen with Aglaia. 
10, Mr. Jones with Mary Jackson. 
Feathered Byhloemens. 
1, Mr. Jones with Bertha. 
2, Mr. Hague with Seedling. 
3, Mr. Jones with Bertha. 
4, Mr. Bentley with Mrs. Jackson. 
5, Mr. Hague with John Hart. 
6, Mr. Kitchen with Violet Amiable 
7, Mr. Bentley with King of the 
Universe. 
8, Mr. Dymock with Coningsby. 
9, Mr. Needham with Adonis. 
10, Mr. Needham with Nellie Hnghes 
Feathered Bizarres. 
1, Mr. Prescott with Lord Lilford. 
2, Mr. Needham with Wm. Wilson. 
3, Mr. Bentley with Jas. McIntosh. 
4, Mr. Bentley with Robt. Guest. 
5, Mr. Jones with Sir J. Paxton. 
6, Mr. Prescott with Lord Lilford. 
7, Mr. Jones with Charlie Feather. 
8, Mr. Jones with Chas. X. 
9, Mr. Needham with George Hay¬ 
ward. 
10, Mr. Needham with Magnum 
Bonum. 
Feathered Boses, 
1, Mr. Prescott with Industry. 
2, Mr. Kitchen with Alioe. 
3, Mr. Bentley with Lizzie. 
4, Mr. Needham with Mrs. Atkin. 
5, Mr. Needham with Comte de 
Vergennes. 
6, Mr. Bentley with Heroine. 
7, Mr. Jones with Modesty. 
8, Mr. Prescott with Mrs. Collier. 
9, Mr. Needham with Dr. Vernon. 
10, Mr. Dymock with Mabel. 
Breeders. 
Bizarres. 
1, Mr. Prescott with Sulphur. 
2, Mr. Prescott with Sir J. Paxton. 
3, Mr. Hague with Wm. Wilson. 
4, Mr. Hague with Dr. Hardy. 
5, Mr. Bentley with Goldfinder. 
Byblcemens. 
1, Mr. Bentley with Martin’s 117. 
2, Mr. Hague with Janette. 
3, Mr. Bentley with Wm. Parkinson. 
4, Mr. Hague with Martin’s 117. 
5, Mr. Jones with Adoni^. 
Roses. 
1, Mr. Bentley with Rose Hill. 4, Mr. Bentley with Miss B. Coutts. 
2, Mr. Bentley with Annie M'Gregor 5, Mr. Bentley with Queen of 
3, Mr. Hague with Mrs. Barlow. England. 
The extra prize for the best feathered flower was awarded to Mr. 
Needham for the splendid bloom of Elizabeth Pegg in his stand of six, 
and the best flame was adjudged to be Lord Denman, shown by Mr. 
Kitchen. After the judging, the members and friends dined together. 
Mr. Bentley, the President of the Society, presided. 
» WOKK.Foil'rHEWEEK.. 
Ha /\ 
FRUIT FORCING. 
Vines. — Early Hosises. —Where Grapes are hanging afford sufiicient 
water to the inside borders to maintain the soil in a moist condition. 
No injury will result to the Grapes provided the atmosphere is not 
stagnant, but air must be given more or less constantly. When the 
Vines are cleared of ripe fruit the foliage should be cleansed of dust and 
red spider, employing tepid water, and, if necessary, an insecticide, as 
keeping the foliage clean and healthy to the last is important for aiding 
the formation of the buds for another season. The leaves being fresh 
and clean, keep the laterals in check by pinching, yet if there be 
anything defective with the principal foliage a little freedom may be 
allowed to the laterals. 
Houses with the Fruit Swelling, —Although fires cannot be dispensed 
with at night and on cold dull days, much may be done in economising 
fuel by closing early on fine afternoons, but it must be accompanied by 
plenty of atmospheric moisture, avoiding a constantly saturated atmo¬ 
sphere by a little ventilation at night and increasing it early in the 
morning. Nevertheless, a moist atmosphere is essential to the swelling i 
of the berries, and it should be secured without stagnation by damping j 
the floors and borders two or three times a day—in the morning, at i 
closing time, and before nightfall. Do not allow the laterals to grow so 
as to crowd the principal leaves, but keep them well in hand. Where, 
however, there is plenty of space, they may be allowed to extend, yet 
not so as to necessitate their removal to a great amount later on. The 
temperature should be maintained at 65° at night, or a few degrees less 
on cold nights, 70° to 75° by day, and 80° to 85° from sun heat, allowing 
an advance to 90° after closing, or early in the afternoon. 
House with the Grapes Ripening. —Allow a constant and liberal 
supply of warm rather dry air, but a genial condition of the atmosphere 
is necessary for the benefit of the foliage, yet the air moisture must not 
be excessive or stagnant, or it will prejudice the ripening. Do not 
neglect to supply water at the roots, and if nourishment is given it 
should be of a sweet nature, or the Grapes may be tainted, as they are 
with late applications of soot and other organic matter. If a light 
mulching of short sweet litter be applied it will tend to a more equable 
moisture at the roots. A gocd heat is necessary to insure the highest 
quality ; indeed there is no comparison between Grapes that are properly 
finished in a rather warm and well-ventilated atmosphere and those 
ripened in a low and moist temperature. 
Grapes Scalding. —Muscats and other varieties completing the 
stoning should be carefully watched in hot bright weather, and in case of 
scalding air must be admitted more freely or until the colouring com¬ 
mences. At that period all danger will be past as regards the black 
varieties, but Muscat of Alexandria will scald when well advanced in 
colour, and it is necessary in houses glazed with large panes of glass to 
employ a slight shading, as that of herring netting, over the roof-lights 
in very bright periods. It is essential, however, that these Grapes be 
otherwise well exposed to light. With Hamburghs and black Grapes 
generally it is different; they colour best beneath a good spread of 
foliage, and it is one of the best means of avoiding scalding, provided 
the supply of air be bountiful by day and a little ventilation left on 
constantly at the upper part of the house with a genial warmth in the 
hot-water pipes. A temperature of 65° to 70° by artificial means snffices,^ 
or a little less for Hamburghs. 
Late Grapes. —Where the Vines are in flower a constant supply of 
dry warm air will further a good set of fruit, the temperature being kept 
at 70° to 75° by artificial heat, and rising to 80° or 90° with sun. Thin 
the berries freely immediately they are set, but this, in the case of the 
shy setters, must be confined to the removal of the smallest and imperfect 
berries in the first instances, deferring the general thinning until the 
properly fertilised ones can be determined by their free swelling. There 
must not be any deficiency of moisture at the roots, therefore afford 
liquid manure copiously after the Grapes are thinned and swelling, or 
a top-dressing may be given of some approved fertiliser, distributing it 
evenly over the surface and wash in moderately. If the weather be dry 
and the soil light outside borders will need watering, affording liquid 
manure or top-dressings of chemical manures if the Vines are not very 
strong or are carrying a full crop. 
Young Vines. —Those in pots for next year’s fruiting should have the 
leading shoot or cane stopped at 8 to 9 feet, and the laterals or sub¬ 
laterals pinched at one leaf as produced. Supernumeraries in recently 
planted houses should also have the canes stopped at the length named, 
the laterals and sub-laterals being closely pinched. This will con¬ 
centrate the energies of the Vines on the principal leaves and buds, and 
is necessary for those intended to fruit next season. The permanent 
Vines, however, may be allowed to make all the growth there is room 
for, but it is a mistake to encourage growth by over-stimulation and an 
excessively humid atmosphere, but growth should be accelerated by 
closing the house early on fine afternoons, admitting a little air before 
night, and increasing it early in the morning of fine days. When young 
Vines become established they will require abundance of water at the 
roots, yet avoid making the soil sodden by needless applications, and 
sprinkle surfaces two or three times a day so as to maintain a genial 
condition of the atmosphere. 
Cberrles. —The crop being now ripe consideration must be given to 
keep them fresh so as to prolong the season. Shading will effect that, 
but it is undesirable where the fruit is not exposed directly to the 
sun, otherwise it will be necessary to have recourse to it. Only light 
material, as hexagon netting, should be used. Free ventilation must 
be attended to, and in warm weather a sprinkling of the surface of the 
border in the hottest part of the day will assist in keeping the fruit 
plump. The roots must not be neglected for water, as dryness is 
inimical to the foliage, and on the preservation of this in health depends 
the proper formation of the buds for the ensuing crop of fruit. 
Figs. — Early Forced Planted-out Irees. —The fruit now ripening 
must be kept from damp throughout the whole of the process, affording 
a free circulation of warm dry air, and a night temperature of 65° to 70°, 
75° to 80° by day, and with sun heat 80° to 90°. Figs ripened in a close 
moist atmosphere and in shade are insipid, but those perfected in full 
exposure to light and a favourable atmosphere are wholesome and 
nutritious. If a circulation of air be afforded constantly there will be 
little danger of “ spot; ” but if it should appear promptly remove the 
affected fruit, and burn it. If red spider become troublesome during the 
lipening it is a good plan to gather all the fruit about ripe, or suflBciently 
to do so perfectly in an airy fruit-room, and then give the trees a forcible 
syringing, directing the water against the under side of the leaves, so 
as to dislodge the insects and break their webs. If clear water be 
used and air admitted rather freely it will not interfere with the 
ripening of the fruit remaining. By pursuing this treatment the pest 
may be kept under subjection until the fruit is gathered, when it can 
be destroyed by forcible syringing and the use of an insecticide. Scale 
should be removed with a brush and a softsoap solution, or some other 
approved preparation. 
Second-crop Figs. —The trees require generous treatment to swell 
the second crop. Syringe twice a day to keep red spider in check, and 
afford liquid manure when watering is necessary. Trees in pots require 
supplies of liquid nourishment twice a day in hot weather and generally 
once ; those in b'rders need supplies once or twice a week according to 
the vigour of the trees and the extent of the rooting area ; others in 
restricted areas of limited extent requiring it more frequently than those 
in large borders. The second crop must be thinned where thickly set 
before the Figs are the size of pickling Walnuts, and in thinning 
reserve the largest fruits at the base of the shoots. 
Young Trees for Next Seaso7is Forcing in Pots. —Those coming on 
for early forcing must net be neglected, affording all the light possible 
and keeping as near the glass as consistent with their growth. Syringe 
well and supply liquid manure so as to secure a sturdy growth, and 
when that is complete they may be placed outdoors in a sunny corner 
