June 14,1894. 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
485 
than usual this year from blight, but it is quite early eucugh for them 
to become affected yet. 
Black Uamburgb Grapes Deficient of Bloom (i?.).—“ Shiny ” 
Grapes are common, and it generally arises from their having the skins 
rubbed in the process of tying up the shoulders of the bunches and in 
removing the laterals. There are other causes, as that of moisture being 
greatest at the upper part of the house through its being the point 
farthest from the heating apparatus or pipes, and especially where 
early closing is practised, with inattention afterwards to let the pent-up 
moisture escape by opening the ventilators a little. This accumulation 
of moisture, along with the freer admission of air in the daytime at that 
part, both of which act unfavourably on the skin of the Grapes as 
regards the ultimate formation of bloom, for the cuticle is harder and 
needs not the protective bloom coating. 
Treatment of Azaleas after Flowering (J. P .').—The proper 
treatment is to keep the plants under glass, and afford them a moist 
and somewhat warm atmosphere, so as to encourage them to make a 
good growth. When that is complete, and the points of the shoots 
thickening a little, they may be placed outdoors in a sheltered situation 
on a thick bed of ashes, either naturally or artificially shaded for a 
few days, or the sun may prejudicially affect the foliage. The plants 
are generally sufficiently grown and the wood ripened, as to admit 
of being placed outdoors by the middle of July, early flowered plants 
a few weeks sooner, and late plants somewhat later. It is entirely a 
matter for judgment from the condition of the plants. They must be 
housed before the last week in September. 
Belworm In Onions (^Seedsman ).—The “curious form” in the 
young Onion plants is caused by eelworm (Tylenchus devastatrix). The 
pests are now breeding ; indeed, it is questionable if they visit the 
plants for any other purpose, as they can and do live indefinitely on 
decaying organic matter in the soil, from whence they proceed and 
attack the various plants, as this pest has not a particular liking for 
any kind of host. There are enormous numbers of eggs, vaster in the 
cyst state, and a few young emerged. Pull up all such affected plants 
and burn them, not laying them on the ground before so doing, and 
having some freshly slaked quicklime ready promptly dust it over the 
ground, usmg about half a peck per rod. There must be no delay, for 
the young will pass from the infested to the unaffected plants. 
Securing the Grafts of Apple Trees (./. B .').—The ligatures 
should be loosened, if not removed, so as to prevent the bark growing 
over them, but as the union may be complete they may, in most 
instances, be withdrawn altogether. It is necessary, however, to so 
renew the ligatures in some cases, so as to keep the grafts steady or 
prevent their displacement. In most instances stakes are advisable for 
securing the scions, and in doing this allow room in the ligatures for the 
swelling of the shoots. The growths from the stocks that have failed will 
be fit for budding, if you think proper, in July, or they may be grafted 
another year, but only one shoot should be left on each stock, so as to 
secure strong growth. Paradise stocks are propagated from layers, stools 
being provided, and the one-year-old shoots layered in the autumn, 
notching them at a joint, that part being pegged and covered with soil 
to the depth of 2 or 3 inches, and the point of the shoot kept out of the 
ground a similar length. All the buds should be removed on the part 
inserted in the soil, which will still further accelerate the pushing of 
roots, but that is generally very free. 
Spots on Grapes (T’. J, A ).—The spots on the Grapes appear to 
be modified forms of scald, or result of injury at a previously recent 
period. The cells immediately beneath and surrounding the damaged 
part of the berry are quite sound and not permeated by the mycelia of 
any fungus, but there is evidence of mycelial ramifications in the dis¬ 
coloured parts, yet they are so undeveloped as not to admit of satis¬ 
factory determination. The appearance has some resemblance to 
“spot,” and you may place fiowers of sulphur on shelves to which the 
sun has access, or in saucers with water, also where the sun shines. 
The chief thing, however, is to attend to the ventilation and admit a 
little air constantly. It is not likely to be caused by anything wrong at 
the roots, as that would affect all the Vines similarly, but is clearly due 
to some external cause, and appears to be from some direct injury, such 
as careless handling in trimming the Vines or in thinning the berries. 
It may also be due to moisture resting on the berries, as it does more 
on the varieties you name than most others, and the atmosphere being 
heated by the sun before air was admitted. 
Diseased Onions (^Inquirer ').—The single Onion in the paper had 
a maggot in it eating at the “ heart ” of the plant until we disturbed it. 
The other plants with the thick bases or “ fuzzy ” bottoms were, in some 
cases, afflicted with maggot, but in a less advanced state than the single 
plant. On examining the plants we found eggs and cysts of eelworm 
(Tylenchus devastatrix), also a few “ worms” of about 3 inches length, 
or one-third grown under a power of 260 diameters of the microscope. 
Worse than that, we noticed a mite, a four-legged creature, which, as 
it is new, we name Phytoptus allii. It is 1 inch long under the micro¬ 
scopic power mentioned above, and has two rather long bristles near 
the tail end. Any Onions in the condition of those you sent us in 
single and smaller parcels, or with ‘'fuzzy” necks, pull up, place in a 
pail, take to the nearest fire and burn ; then sprinkle quicklime on 
the plots as advised to another correspondent. We cannot tell you 
whether the maggot is likely to attack the other parts of the plots, but 
there is danger, and you cannot do better than take the precautionary 
steps that have been advised by our correspondents, and in which you 
have been interested. The larger bundle of plants—those with the 
thin necks—are not infested with maggots, or any pest, but they are not 
by any means safe, and you should sprinkle the plot with petroleum, 
as repeatedly advised in these pages, as a safeguard against attack, 
for we have not found the Onion crop safe until after the middle 
of July, 
KTantes of Plants.—We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in Arm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, 
dry wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at 
once, and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(D. H. 7l/.),—Dipladenia boliviensis, good flower. Saxi- 
fraga Wallace!. (J. L ,').—A form of Vanda tricolor,probably Dodgsoni. 
{D, B.). —1, Lycaste Skinneri ; 2, Oncidium macranthum ; 3, a good 
form of Odontoglossum crispum. (^Amateur'). —l,Aquilegia glandulosa ; 
2, A. coerulea. (Al II.') —1, Begonia Weltoniensis ; 2, B. manicata. 
( York ),—Phoenix rupicola. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
J. Carter & Co., High Holborn, London.— Chrysanthemums, Bedding 
and Hardy Plants. 
Michael Rains & Co., Mansell Street, Aldgate, 'Ei.G.—Butch Bulbs. 
OOVBNT GARDEN MARKET.—JuxVE 13th. 
Prices unaltered, and business steady with good supplies. 
FRUIT. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
9. 
d. 
Apples, per bushel 
2 
6 to 10 
0 
Plums, per half sieve 
0 
0 
to 
0 
0 
Ta>manian, per case .. ,. 
8 
0 
12 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each ., 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Grapes, per lb. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Strawberries per lb., morn- 
Lemons, case . 
10 
0 
15 
0 
ing gathered. 
1 
0 
5 
0 
Peaches, per doz. 
6 
0 
18 0 
VEGETABLES. 
a. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Asparagus, per bundle 
2 
0 to 5 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet .. 
0 
9 
to 
1 
0 
Beaus. Kidney, per lb. ,. 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Mustard and Cress, punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen .. .. ,. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bushel. 
3 
6 
4 
0 
Carrots, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Parsley, dozen bunches .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
„ new, bunch .. .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Parsnips, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Potatoes, per ewt. 
2 
0 
4 
3 
Celery, bundle . 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Salsafy, bundle .. ., 
1 
0 
1 
5 
Ooleworts, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumbers, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Shallots, per lb. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen . 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Spinach, bushel. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Herbs, bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Tomatoes.per lb. 
0 
4 
0 
3 
Leeks, bunch . 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Turnips, bunch. 
0 
3 
(1 
4 
Lettuce, dozen. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
„ new, bunch.. ,, 
0 
8 
0 
10 
AVERAGE 
WHOLESALE PRICES.—OUT FLOWERS. 
Orchid Blooms in variety. 
8. 
d. 
S. 
d 
8. 
d. 
3. 
d. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
1 
6 
to 3 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches .. 
3 
0 to 
6 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch ., .. 0 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 0 
Cornflowers, doz. bunches 2 
Eucharis, dozen.2 
Gardenias, per dozen .. 1 
Iris, dozen blooms .. ... 0 
Lilac (French) per bunch 2 
Lily of Valley, doz. sprays i 
„ „ doz. buchs. 4 
Lilium candidum, dozen 
bunches;. 
Lilium candidum, dozen 
blooms. 
Lilium longiflorum, per doz. 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
1 0 
1 
4 
4 
4 
2 
4 
1 
8 0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches .. 
Moss Roses (French), doz. 
Myosotis or Forget-me- 
nots, dozen bunches 
A.rbor Vit® (golden) dozen 6 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 6 
Aspidistra, per dozen .. 13 
Aspidistra, specimen plant 5 
Calceolarias, dozen pots .. 6 
Cineraria, per dozen .. .. 4 
Dracaena termiualis, per 
dozen.13 
Draciena viridis, dozen .. 9 
Ericas, per dozen .. .. 9 
Euonymus, var., dozen .. 6 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 6 
Ferns, ui variety, dozen .. 4 
„ (small'i per hundred 4 
Ficus elastica, each .. .. 1 
Foliage plants, var., each 9 
Fuchsia, per dozen .. .. 6 
Heliotrope, per dozen .. 5 
Narciss, various, doz. bnchs, 
Orchids, per dozen blooms 
Pmonies, dozen bunches .. 
Pansies, dozen bunches .. 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
bunches.3 
Primula (double), dozen 
sprays 
0 6 
18 0 
2 0 
9 0 
6 0 
1 0 
Pyrethrum, dozen bunches 
3 
0 
6 
0 
12 
0 
13 
0 
Roses (indoor), dozen 
0 
6 
1 
0 
„ Tea, white, dozen .. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
0 
6 
0 
9 
„ Yellow, dozen .. 
o 
0 
4 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Roses (French), per dozen 
1 
0 
2 
6 
Roses, Safrano (English), 
4 
0 
6 
0 
per dozen . 
1 
0 
2 
0 
1 
6 
4 
0 
Rosea, Mardohal Niel, pet 
dozen . 
1 
6 
5 
0 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Stephanotis, dozen sprays 
1 
3 
2 
0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms.. 
0 
4 
0 
6 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Wallflowers, doz. bunches.. 
2 
6 
4 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
8 . 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8 . 
d. 
8 . 
d. 
0 to 12 0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
12 0 
36 0 
10 6 
9 0 
6 0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
42 0 
24 0 
24 0 
13 0 
24 0 
18 
3 
7 
10 0 
Hydrangea, per dozen ,. 9 
Ivy Geraniums.5 
Lilium Harrisi, per dozen 15 
Lobelia, per dozen .. .. 4 
Lycopodiums, per dozen ., 3 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 6 
„ yellow, doz. pots 6 
Mignonette, per doz. 6 
Musk, per dozen.4 
Myrtles, dozen .6 
Nasturtiums, per dozen .. 1 
Palms, in var., each ., .. 1 
„ (specimens.' .. .. 21 
Pelargoniums, per dozen.. 6 
sc irlet, per doz. 4 
Roses, various, per dozen.. 12 
„ (Fairy), per dozen.. 9 
Spir®a3, per dozen .. .. 6 
Stocks, per dozen .. .. 3 
0 to 13 0 
0 
0 
6 0 
4 
12 
3 0 
30 0 
0 
0 
0 
18 0 
9 0 
6 
9 
6 
15 
63 0 
15 0 
6 0 
36 0 
12 0 
12 0 
5 0 
Roots in variety for planting out, in boxes or by the dozen. 
