July 14, 1887. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER 
43 
of One id mm dasystyle. (A. D.). —3, Platycodon grandifforum ; 4, Cam- 
panula earpatica.; 5, Campanula rapunculoides : 6, Campanula glomerata ; 
7, Astrantia major; 8, Stacliys Betoniea fl.-albo. (B. C.)— 1, Lastrea 
spmulosa; 2, Lastrea Filix-mas ; 3, Lastrea dilatata; 4, Athyrium Filix- 
foemina; 5, Appears to be a stunted form of Lastrea oreopteris : 6, Poly- 
stichum aculeatum. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— July 13th. 
No alteration, large supplies reaching us. Trade as last week. 
FRUIT. 
Applep, 1 sieve. 
Cherries, J sieve 
Cobs, 100 lbs. .. 
G rapes, per lb... 
Artichokes, dozen ., ,, 
Asparagus, bundle .. .. 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 
Beet, Red, dozen .. ,, 
Broccoli, bundle .. 
Brussels Sprouts, ^ sieve 
Cabbage, dozen .. .. 
Capsicuinp, per 100 ., 
Carrotf, bunch .. .. 
Cauliflowers, dozen 
Celery, bundle ., .. 
Colewortp, doz. bunches 
Cucumbers, each .. .. 
Endive, dozen .. .. ,. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 
Arbor vitae (golden) dozen 
„ (common), dozen.. 
Azalea, dozen. 
Begonias, dozen .. ., 
Calceoliria, dozen .. .. 
Cineraria, dozen .. 
Creeping Jenny, dozen .. 
Dracaena terminalis, doz. 
„ viridis, dozen.. 
Erica, various, dozen .. 
Euonymus, in var., dozen 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
Ferns, in variety, dozen 
Ficus elastica, each 
Foliage Plants, var., each 
a. 
b. d. 
F. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
0 
0 
to 0 0 
Oranges, par 100 .. .. 6 
0 to 12 
0 
Peaches, dozen .. .. 4 
0 
10 
0 
10 
0 
13 0 
Pears, dozen.0 
O 
0 
0 
5 
0 
6 0 
Pine Apples, English, 
0 
0 
0 0 
per lb.1 
6 
0 
0 
3 
0 
4 0 
Plump, £ sieve.0 
0 
0 
0 
1 
6 
2 6 
St. Michael Pine*, each .8 
0 
6 
0 
10 
0 
15 0 
Strawberries, per lb. .. 0 
3 
0 10 
2 
0 
3 0 
VEGETABLES. 
e. 
d. 
s. d. 
6. 
d. 
p. 
a. 
1 
0 to 2 0 
Lettuce, dozen .. .. 0 
9 to 0 
0 
1 
6 
4 0 
Mushrooms, punnet .. 0 
6 
1 
0 
1 
S 
0 0 
Mustard and Cress, punt. 0 
2 
0 
6 
1 
0 
2 0 
Onions, bunch.0 
3 
0 
6 
0 
0 
0 0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 2 
0 
3 
0 
0 
0 
0 0 
Parsnips, dozen .. .. 1 
0 
0 
0 
1 
6 
0 0 
Potatoes, per owt. 4 
0 
5 
0 
1 
6 
2 0 
„ Kidnev, ier owt. 4 
0 
0 
0 
0 
4 
0 0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 0 
2 
0 
9 
3 
0 
4 0 
Salsafr, bundle .. 1 
0 
1 
6 
1 
0 
2 0 
Soorzouera, buudle .. 1 
6 
0 
0 
2 
0 
4 0 
Seakale, basket .. .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
4 
0 6 
Shallots, per lb.0 
s 
0 
0 
1 
0 
2 0 
Spinach, bushel .. .. 8 
0 
4 
0 
0 
2 
0 0 
Tomatoos, per lb.0 
6 
0 
9 
0 
3 
0 4 
Turnips, bunch .. 0 
4 
0 
6 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
p. 
a. 
s. d. 
s. 
a. 
a. 
6 
0 to 12 0 
Fuchsia, dozen.3 
0 
to 9 
0 
6 
0 
9 0 
Geranium (Ivy), dozen .. 4 
0 
6 
0 
0 
0 
0 0 
„ Tricolor, dozen 3 
0 
6 
0 
0 
0 
0 0 
Hydrangea, dozen .. .. 9 
0 
12 
0 
4 
0 
9 0 
Lilies Valley, dozen .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
3 
6 
8 0 
Lilium Jancifolium, doz. 12 
0 
18 
0 
0 
0 
0 0 
.. Lngiflorum, doz. 18 
0 
30 
0 
3 
0 
4 0 
Lobelia, dozen.3 
0 
5 
0 
30 
0 
60 0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 6 
0 
12 
0 
12 
0 
24 0 
Mignonette, dozen .. .. 3 
0 
6 
0 
12 
0 
24 0 
Musk, dozen .2 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
18 0 
Myrtles, dozen.6 
0 
12 
0 
6 
0 
24 0 
Palms, in var., each .. 2 
€ 
21 
0 
4 
0 
18 0 
Pelargoniums, dozen .. 6 
0 
15 
0 
1 
6 
7 0 
„ scarlet, doz. 3 
0 
9 
0 
2 
0 
10 0 
Spirret, dozen.6 
0 
12 
0 
CUT FLOWERS. 
s. d. s. d. 
Ahutilons, 12 bunches .. 2 0 to 4 0 
Anemones, 12 bunches .. 0 0 0 0 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 3 0 6 0 
Azalea, 12 sprays .. .. 0 0 0 0 
Bluebells, 12 bunches ..0 0 0 0 
Bouvardiae, bunch .. ..0 6 10 
Camellias, blooms .... 0 0 0 0 
Carnations, 12 blooms ..10 20 
„ 12 bunches.. 4 0 6 0 
Cornflower, 12 bunohes .. 16 3 0 
Daisies, 12 bunches ..2 0 4 0 
Eucharis, dozen .... 4 0 6 0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms ..16 SO 
Hyacinths, Roman, 12 
sprays .. 0 0 0 0 
Iris, 12 bunches .... 2 0 9 0 
Lapageria, white, 12 
blooms. 0 0 0 0 
Lilium longiflorum, 12 
blooms. 3 0 6 0 
Lilac (white), French, 
bunoh . 0 0 0 0 
Lilies, White, 12 bunches 12 0 24 0 
„ Orange, 12 bunches 9 0 12 0 
Lily of Valley, 12 sprayp 0 0 0 0 
» » 12 bunches 0 0 0 0 
Marguerites, 12 bunohes 2 0 to 6 0 
Mignonette. 12 bunches 2 0 4 0 
Myosotis, 12 bunches .. 2 0 3 0 
Nareiss, 12 bunches ..0 0 0 0 
„ White, English, bch. 0 0 0 0 
Pansies, 12 bunches ..2 0 4 0 
Peas, Sweet, 12 bunches.. 3 0 6 0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 0 9 10 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 0 4 0 6 
Pinks, White, 12 bunches 10 4 0 
„ various, 12 bunch 2 0 4 0 
Poeony, 12 bunches.. ..0 0 0 0 
Poinsettia, 12 blooms .. 0 0 0 0 
Primula (single), bunch.. 0 0 0 0 
., (double), bunch ..09 10 
Polyanthus, 12 bunches.. 0 0 0 0 
Ranunoulus, 12 bunohes 0 0 0 0 
Roses, 12 bunches .. .. 2 0 6 0 
„ (indoor), dozen ..09 10 
„ Tea, dozen .... 1 6 3 0 
i, red dozen .. ..0 0 0 0 
„ de Mois. 12 bnnohes 0 0 0 0 
Stephanotis, 12 sprays ..16 80 
Tropasolum, 12 bunohes 10 2 0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms ..0 6 10 
Tulips, dozen blooms .. 0 0 0 0 
FORAGE CROPS. 
As the season for the work comes round, year after 
year have we for some time now called the particular 
a tention of our readers to the use of chemical manures 
lor the improvement of permanent pasture. Gladly do 
we record the fact that the intelligent application of our 
advice to practice has led to results so satisfactory that 
expressions of congratulation and thanks have reached us_ 
not li om one locality, but from several. We mention this in 
proof of the high value for general use of home-mixed 
chemical manures. It is said, and rightly so, that to use 
the same mixture in given quantities for every farm 
involves some often much—waste, yet by a few experi¬ 
ments any farmer may see in a single season how best to 
ai range the proportions of the mixture for his particular 
farm. No doubt chemical analysis is useful, but it is 
very seldom called for if a farmer will but apply the test 
to his soil in the way we suggest. He may go farther 
and try other manures, not unfrequently with benefit to 
himself. For example, we have repeatedly made mention 
of nitiate of potash, nitrate of soda, mineral superphos¬ 
phate, and steamed bone flour as being when mixed an 
excellent manure for pasture. Undoubtedly it is so, for 
we have used it for several years upon many farms with 
remarkable success, this year it was used by an amateur 
farmer in February upon a new piece of permanent pas¬ 
ture laid down last year. The result has been so extra¬ 
ordinary, the growth of the young pasture so abundant, 
that he is disgusted with the comparatively bare aspect of 
his old pasture, and has asked our advice as to whether 
he ought not to break it up and sow it with a carefully 
selected mixture of the best sorts of Grass and Clover. 
Instead of doing so we recommend him to retain the old 
pasture intact, and to apply a dressing of the chemical 
manure to it next February, for it is only in exceptional 
cases that we ever should destroy old pasture. 
In our own practice this year upon grass land we have 
used muriate of potash instead of nitrate of potash, ancl 
have reason to adopt this change altogether in future, as 
it enables us to insure an abundant crop at a much less 
cost than when we used the nitrate of potash. We shall 
probably still farther modify our original recipe, and 
discard mineral superphosphate if we are able to procure 
a pure sample of steamed bone flour. If we cannot do so, 
and have to use ordinary bone Hour, then a certain quan¬ 
tity of mineral superphosphate would be mixed with the 
bone flour a few days before using it, in order that the 
sulphuric acid with which the coprolite is saturated may 
act upon the bone dust, and render it soluble much sooner 
than it would otherwise be. 
To new readers of the Journal we may explain that 
although mention is made of chemical manures now, they 
are not used upon pasture at this season of the year, but 
in February or early in spring. It is to results that we 
call attention now while they are before us, so that we 
may be able to see if any improvement in practice is 
possible for another year. But though we do not use 
chemical manures now, sheep-folding may be said to go 
on throughout the year. Very much of the redundant 
growth of the forage crops now in the process of being 
made into hay is solely the outcome of sheep-folding 
last year, and so far as is practical the sheep are always 
kept in. folds to enrich the soil in a thorough ancl 
systematic manner. Of forage crops ou arable land there 
is none more useful or profitable than Perennial Rye 
Grass ; sown with a corn crop it affords us an admirable 
su PPty. of green food early in the following spring, and 
which is available for sheep-folding, for cattle and horses, 
and for hay. In deep fertile land it yields a wonder¬ 
ful bulk of crops per acre, the second growth often being 
as abundant as the first. As hay it is very useful; one 
special purpose to which we apply it is for chaffing for the 
ewes consumption both before and after lambing. It is 
either used alone or mixed with Oat or Barley straw chaff 
for them according to the condition of the ewes. So 
