44 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ July 14, 1887. 
useful is it that we would have a few acres of it upon 
every farm both for grazing and for hay ; and all possible 
care should be taken to have the land in high condition 
for the culture of a crop so worthy of our best care. It 
forms an admirable successional crop to Rye in spring, 
and is of especial use for dairy cows then. 
Local custom affects the way in which Rye Grass is 
sown. In East Anglia, where the climate is so favourable 
for the development and harvesting of Clover seed, the 
Rye Grass is sown alone, and upon some farms is still 
regarded as an annual, and is, like Red Clover, only 
retained for the two growths of the year after sowing, and 
is then ploughed in. The true perennial character of 
Lolium perenne is, however, getting better known, and 
the layers are gradually being left for a few years. For a 
heavy bulk of excellent forage the general plan of sowing 
it with Clover and Trifolium is altogether best. 
WORK ON THE HOME FARM. 
All sound lambs and sheep have been dipped in Cooper’s dressing, 
which not only destroys all such parasites as ticks and lice, but, for a 
time, renders them less liable to suffer from attacks of fly. In hot, dry, 
summer weather, they should—even when so dressed—be examined at 
least once daily for fly, and if maggots are found in the fleece, a little of 
Cuff’s dressing, poured and rubbed in, brings out and destroys every 
maggot. There is, undoubtedly, much negligence and brutality on the 
part of some shepherds, evidence of which is afforded in foul sores 
denuded of wool, lameness, and debility. If only only one or two cases of 
fly-striking are discovered, the entire flock is carefully examined twice 
daily, and this is best done by connecting two small folds by means of a 
passage of hurdles, through which the sheep are made to pass as quietly 
as possible. The practical eye will then quickly discover symptoms of 
fly-striking in any sheep, and no doubtful case is passed over. The 
master’s eye should very frequently overlook this process, and it should 
not be left to a shepherd’s discretion till there is a feeling of certainty 
that he is really capable and trustworthy. We lay considerable stress 
upon this matter from the promptings of dear-bought experience. In 
point of fact, we have recently had to discharge a respectable, sober, 
steady man, whose conceit and obstinacy had led to such serious losses 
that we were reluctantly compelled to part with him. 
Immediately after the lambs were weaned the whole of the ewes were 
carefully examined ; barren ewes, forward in condition, were at once 
sold, and all others with any blemish were withdrawn from the flock to 
be fattened in folds as crones and gradually sold. Of such we took sixty 
from the home flock, which contains ewes of various ages, and we shall 
replace them with two-shear sheep selected with care from good flocks. 
It is wrong to retain a faulty ewe, for there is much risk of the loss of 
animals or their lambs next season. In dipping sheep care is taken to 
exclude any having sore udders or unhealed wounds caused in shearing. 
Every effort should now be made to eradicate foot-rot, and when this is 
done, be on the alert to discover and treat any fresh symptoms of it 
at once. 
ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SHOW, NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE. 
The above Show opened on the 11th, and continued to the 15th inst., 
but we cannot do more than describe briefly the imposing seed stands 
arranged by the principal growers in England. They are of easy 
access, being disposed right and left near the entrance of the Show. 
The first stand to the left is that of Messrs. Webb & Sons of Wordsley, 
Stourbridge. This splendid stand is 150 feet long, the various contents 
being most artistically displayed, showing to the observer what can 
be done by ingenuity and skill. Messrs. Webb A Sons show great 
■quantities of seed from their Kinver Seed Farm. Amongst Potatoes we 
observed Wordsley Pride, Discovery, Renown, Red King, and others. 
Lawn Grasses are prominent, being shown in a growing state. Forage 
Grasses are also represented in a very complete manner, and all named 
botanically, hence the display is instructive. Seeds for foreign exporta¬ 
tion are also shown, Messrs. Webb A Sons having a large branch estab¬ 
lishment at New Zealand. The firm show case and tins of their own 
invention, which effectively protect the vitality of seeds when exported. 
Messrs. Dickson, Brown, & Tait, Manchester, show an interesting 
collection of agricultural seeds, especially Grasses for permanent pasture. 
These are so arranged that the observer can see them in all stages, from 
the first growth to the development of the ripened seed. 
The next stand is that of Messrs. Wm. Fell & Co., Hexham, local 
nurserymen, who also show^a varied stand of agricultural and garden 
seeds. Grasses are shown in their natural state as collected from 
the woods around Hexham. This firm also exhibited a new Lobelia 
named Jubilee, which is very fine, resembling pumila in the growth, 
Brighton Blue in the flower. It may be added that Messrs. Fell were 
entrusted with the decorations of the pavilion where the Prince of 
Wales dined. The front of the verandah is covered with Vines in pots 
and variegated Ivies, producing a striking appearance, being relieved 
with Pelargoniums, Kalosanthes, Ac., and other greenhouse flowers. 
Messrs. Robert Bell A Son, Newcastle, show a stand of purely agri¬ 
cultural seeds and manures. 
Messrs. Dickson A Son, Manchester, show a very interesting collection 
of Grasses suitable for permanent pasture and alternate husbandry. 
Going back to the entrance again, we come to the magnificent stand 
of Messrs. Sutton A Sons, Reading, Berks, which is seen to advantage 
from all parts of the Show. The stand is about 150 feet in length, 
roomy offices being provided at each end. There is a winding staircase 
which leads up to a balcony, this forming an agreeable promenade for 
the convenience of customers. Grass and lawn seeds are shown in 
varieties to suit all kinds of land, also for lawns and foreign exportation. 
Forage Grasses for silos form a prominent feature. Potatoes are shown, 
embracing all Sutton’s recent introductions—such as Magnum Bonum, 
Sutton’s Reading Hero, Sutton’s Early Regent, and many others. 
Tobacco grown by themselves is represented in twelve varieties, recom¬ 
mended as suitable for growth in this country, but English Tobacco is 
not expected to equal the best foreign brands. A lawn sown with this 
year’s seeds was very fine. All Sutton’s recent introductions of 
vegetables are represented, the entire display being very interesting. 
The next stand is that of Messrs. F. A A. Dickson A Sons, Chester ; it 
is most interesting and varied, containing permanent Grasses and Clover 
of guaranteed excellence, also Grasses that are often injurious in 
pastures. Seed-cleaning is practically illustrating by machinery, so 
that the visitor has every advantage of leaving this stand with valuable 
information. 
Messrs. Finney A Son, Newcastle, provide the next stand. This 
firm is a local one and a very old one, having commenced in 1749, Mr. 
R. G. Fort being now the proprietor. It includes new Winter Barley, 
which is sown in the autumn and eaten off withgras3 by the sheep in the 
spring. This Barley is represented as possessing capital malting quali¬ 
ties and ripens early in August in the north. The firm shows fine 
examples of Swedes grown in their trial grounds, being quite fresh and 
sound ; also specimens of Tobacco grown in Durham. 
Messrs. Oakshot A Millard, Reading, have a large and interesting 
stand. They show 200 varieties of Grass and Clover seeds ; their lawn is 
very fine, sown with a mixture at the rate of 60 lbs. per acre. Grasses 
that are regarded as weeds are represented, and the entire exhibit is in¬ 
structive to the initiated. 
Messrs. James Carter A Co., High Holborn, London, have a most 
important stand, 130 feet long, showing their new Peas Anticipation, 
Electric Light, also Telephone and Stratagem. Onions very fine. There 
are also forty varieties of Tobacco, and some fine specimens of Nastur¬ 
tiums in pots render the stand very bright. Agrostis pulchella and 
Hordeum jubatum are shown in this stand as weeds, the former is very 
pretty and much appreciated for ladies’ hair. This firm also exh ibit 
Peas preserved in a natural state by Carter’s process, which is now 
patented. All kinds of agricultural crops are also admirably re pre¬ 
sented, and the display in its entirety is excellent. 
Messrs. James Dickson, 108, Eastgate Street, Chester, show a fine 
collection of seeds in great variety, as also do Messrs. Little and 
Ballantyne, Carlisle, their stand being decorated with fine plants of 
Abies Alcoquiana, Biota elegantissima, Abies inverta, Arthrotaxus 
selaginoides, Abies Engelmani, and other Conifers. 
The seed stands form a most interesting feature in the Society’s 
exhibits, and were crowded by well-known northern farmers and ex¬ 
perts in agriculture. Messrs. Richardson A Co., Darlington, also Foster 
and Pearson, Chilwell, exhibit excellent glass structures.—B. C. 
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 
CAMDEN SQUARE, LONDON. 
Lat. 51° 82' 40" N.; Ling, 0° 8' 0" W.; Altitude, lit feet. 
Date. 
9 A.M. 
IN THE DAY. 
Hygrome- 
a . 
o 
Shade Tem- 
Radiation 
a 
g«» ? 
ter. 
3 a 
perature. 
Temperature 
a 
« 
July. 
In 
Ou 
a 
Dry. 
Wet. 
Q o 
Max. 
Min. 
sun. 
grass 
Inches. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
Iu. 
Sunday . 
3 
30.217 
73.8 
62.7 
S.E. 
63.1 
888 
55.1 
125.9 
50.8 
_ 
Monday. 
4 
29.991 
77.2 
63.3 
S.E. 
64.3 
88.3 
58 9 
133.4 
52.4 
0.037 
Tuesday .... 
5 
29.926 
62 8 
56.0 
N.W. 
65.8 
70.9 
56.2 
114.2 
49 9 
Wednesday.. 
6 
30.153 
59 9 
52.3 
E. 
64.7 
75 6 
51.3 
122 6 
4.5.1 
_ 
Thursday .... 
7 
30.140 
70.4 
63.1 
w. 
64.5 
819 
57 8 
128.6 
52 7 
_ 
Friday . 
8 
30.069 
74.7 
62.1 
S. 
64 8 
86.9 
65.2 
133.4 
49 2 
_ 
Saturday .... 
9 
29.926 
65.6 
.60.2 
N.E. 
65.7 
79.0 
63 0 
126.2 
58 7 
— 
30.060 
69.2 
60,7 
64.7 
81.6 
56.8 
126.3 
513 
0.037 
REMARKS. 
3rd.—Very hot and bright. 
4th.—Very hot, pirticulariy in the sun. 
5th.—A little rain in the small hoars,cold pleasant day, shady at times. 
6th.—Bright and p'easant. 
7rh.—Fine, and generally bright, bat rather close and oppressive. 
8th.—Bright and hot. 
yth.—Overcast early ; frequently cloady daring morning; bright hot afternoon. 
A very fine and hot week, although 9)* was not reached iu the shade, the average 
maximum, 81.6°, wa9 higher than in anv week for several years. The nearest approach 
was in the week ending August 16th, 1884, which gave the following values 
9 A.M. Temp. Shade. Radiation. 
Dry. Wet. At 1 foot. Max. Min. Sun. Grasr. Rain. 
1884, August .. 69.1 62.4 66.9 81.2 f8 5 118 9 63.8 O.OiO 
1*87. July .. 69 .*2 60.7 64.7 81 6 66 8 126.3 61.8 0.0'<7 
Difference ..+0.1-1.7 -2.2 +7.4-1.7 +7.4-2.6 -O.tOJ 
Therefore this week has been rather hotter by day and rather cooler by nlg’U than the 
one quote 1 , but ou the whole very similar. Tii* sun temperatures la>t week were 
I exceptiondly high.—G. J. SYMONS. 
