December 8, 1887. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
493 
under them, so that every piece of bark can be carried out of the 
structure and burned. This being done, the wood, glass, and wirework 
ot tiie house must be washed thoroughly with a strong solution of soft- 
soap and water, say at the rate of 2 ozs. to each gallon of hot water, 
this may be stringed off with water as near the boiling point as possible, 
as hot, however, as can be done without injury to the hands. After this 
paint the woodwork aud wires with pure petroleum. If the house can 
be painted afterwards with good white lead and oil all the better, but if 
the wood is clean this is not of very much importance if the previous 
painting has been thoroughly done. The walls, if limewashed, may be 
scraped, and every portion of stone or brickwork in the house may be 
painted with petroleum, the pipes as well, or the former with muriatic 
acid (hydrochloric acid). This I prefer for the walls and stonework, 
hut it must be diluted with water ; if it hisses freely after it is applied 
it will do. The walls afterwards should be limewashed with the mate¬ 
rial as hot as possible. If the back walls have been painted with lead 
paint, then subject them to the same process as the woodwork of the 
ouse. I he floors and curbs, if composed of flags, may be cleaned with 
chloride of lime. The former acid will clean them, but it is more 
expensive than chloride of lime, which will answer the same 
purpose. 
The Vines must bi washed, but a strong solution of any insecticide 
is not advisable ; they cannot bear it without injury when the whole of 
he outer bark has been removed. Petroleum may be advised, and has 
been on man v occasions, for dressing the Vines, as well as other strong 
solutions. This I consider is a mistake, for the Vines cannot bear strong 
insecticides after the whole of the outer bark has been removed. Petro¬ 
leum is too searching and penetrates the wood too far. It also injures 
the eyes to some extent. I am not alluding to the use of the oil in a 
pure state. If dressed or liberally syringed with petroleum at the rate 
ot one ounce to the gallon after they have been scraped it will prove too 
strong for the Vines. After dressings of this description the Vines break, 
irregularly and very weakly. I advise petroleum to be dispens d with, 
and the Vines washed with a solution of softsoap, 2 ozs. to each gallon 
of hot water. This we have found to do no injury. Even supposing it 
does not kill any bug in a small state that may be left upon the Vines 
they can be readily destroyed by another process that will be described. 
I he surface of the border should be removed and all small particles 
brushed up, placing fresh soil on the surface. 
. W these directions have been carried out, all has been done that 
is possible until heat and moisture are applied to start the Vines into 
growth. After they have b. en started for a fortnight the work that falls 
Un , r V‘ lr< * eners begins, and much depends upon how they perform 
their duty. In two or three weeks mealy bug begins to come from its 
hiding places, and the Vines should be examined twice weekly, until 
they are pruned the following autumn. More can be done by persis¬ 
tently looking over the Vines in their early stages of growth than can 
be accomplished at any other portion of the season, and they may be so 
reduced in numbers that the following season will result in their exter¬ 
mination. 
When it is certain that some have escaped observation the enemy 
must be hunted down even after the fruit, has been cut. The syringe, 
which can then be used freely, will assist wonderfully in keeping them 
in check, but this will not prove sufficient, for if any exist they are cer¬ 
tain to establish themselves in safe positions. In early and second early 
houses keep the sub-laterals well in check, and with this object in view 
every precaution must be taken to preserve the main foliage of the 
V ines, The work of finding the bug is materially increased when the 
laterals are allowed to extend. In August and September all the sub¬ 
laterals can be removed and the main leaves only left. This gives every 
chance for examination, and in this stage when the foliage is hard and 
leathery the whole house, Vines as well, must be thoroughly syringed 
with petroleum and water. One ounce of the oil should be used to each 
gallon of water, the oil being well mixed with the water by the method 
that has been.so many times described. The Vines should be thoroughly 
drenched, which will result in the destruction of all small insects that 
may have established themselves on the leaves. This may be repeated 
in a week or ten days; in fact, every two or three weeks until the 
foliage falls. In each case the house must be shaded until the whole 
of the oil has been evaporated to prevent the foliage turning yellow. 
Those with houses full of fruit at the present time in which bug exists 
may with safety follow this method at once, and it will be found that 
their numbers will greatly be reduced before pruning time arrives. It 
may here be mentioned that after the laterals have turned brown and 
commence ripening the spot where a bug is killed may be touched with 
a small gum brush that hag been dipped in pure petroleum. This will 
insure the destruction of any insects that may be left. It must be done 
carefully by shaking out of the bush all the oil except that which 
naturally adheres to the bristles. This is a safeguard against the ap¬ 
plication of too much oil, which would certainly penetrate and injure 
the shoot. 
One fact in connection with the use of petroleum, which I have never 
seen pointed out, must be duly considered in its application to Vines. 
It has been thought by some that the oil in a diluted state falling upon 
the soil does no harm, for it possesses slight manurial properties. The 
last may be the case, I cannot say, but they are not of sufficient merit to 
justify its use for that purpose. The injury to the soil is much greater 
than any advantage that can possibly follow its use. It turns the soil 
very black, and the roots refuse afterwards to enter it. It has a tendency 
to drive them down, and if the soil after its use is not carefully 
removed annually the roots will quickly disappear from the surface. 
If the eradication of bug from our vineries is followed up on the 
principle advocated for two or more years its destruction will be 
round a possibility.—W m. Bardney. 
The Royal Horticultural Society.—A special general meet¬ 
ing of the bellows of this Society will be held at 2 p.m. on Tuesday, 
December 13th, in the Conservatory, to receive a report from the 
Council, and to consider the statements and proposals contained 
therein. 
The SocifiTii Nationals d’Horticulture of France 
have arranged for a Horticultural Congress to be held at the rooms 
of the Society, 8-1, Rue de Grenelle, as in former years, during the 
annual exhibition in the month of May. All who are interested in the 
advancement of horticulture are invited to send papers for discussion. 
The Secretary is M. Ermst Bergman. 
-At their anniversary meeting on the 30th ult. the Royal 
Society awarded the Copley Medal to Sir Joseph Hooker in re¬ 
cognition of the services he has rendered as a traveller and botanist. 
The medal was presented by the President, Professor Stokes, who 
commented in complimentary terms upon the results of Sir Joseph 
Hooker’s travels in the Antarctic regions, the Himalayas, Palestine, 
Morocco, and North America, and referred to his several excellent 
floras, together with his share of the great production “ The Genera 
Plantarum.” 
High Exhibition Honours. —Last spring Messrs. Sutton 
consigned to Adelaide for the great Jubilee International Exhibition a 
splendid collection of seeds, and models of vegetables and agricultural 
roots, Grasses, Grass Seeds, and other articles bearing upon horticulture 
and agriculture, [and they have received from Sir Arthur Blyth the 
gratifying intelligence that the Juries have awarded them five first 
orders of merit, each carrying the highest prize medal. Mr. Martin J. 
Sutton has also personally received a flattering recognition for his 
excellent work on “ Permanent and Temporary Pastures,” the Juries 
having awarded it a first order of merit and the highest prize medal. 
- We regret to see the announcement of the Death of Lord 
Hawke, who was better known twenty years ago in the horticultural 
world as the Rev. Edward Hawke, Rector of Willingham, Lincolnshire. 
He was an ardent florist of the old school. Lord Hawke died suddenly 
at the Midland Hotel, St. Pancras, on the morning of the 5th inst., at 
the age of seventy-two. 
- Show Fixtures.—T he annual Exhibition of the Hull and 
East Riding Chrysanthemum Society has been fixed for Thursday and 
Friday, November 22nd and 23rd, 1888. At a meeting of the Portsmouth 
Chrysanthemum Show Committee on the 30th ult. it was decided that 
the Show next year should be open for three days—namely, the 7th, 8th, 
and 9th of November, 1888. 
- The Devon and Exeter Horticultural Society have fixed the 
following dates for their Exhibitions next year Summer Show, 
Friday, August 17th; Chrysanthemum and Fruit Show, Friday, 
November 16th. Both to be held at Exeter. 
- At a meeting of the Chiswick Gardeners’ Mutual Im¬ 
provement Association, on December 21st, Mr. F. W. Burbidge will 
contribute a paper on “ Plant Names.” It may he remarked that Mr. J. 
Barry is the Hon. Sec. of this Association. 
•- An article in the “ Edinburgh Review ” for October, entitled 
<'• Rural France,” contained some interesting particulars respecting 
the horticulture and agriculture of that country, and from which we 
extract the following “ The Mulberry plantations of Gard or Herault, 
the wood of the Aisne, and the Flax of the Pas de Calais supply the 
raw material of the textile fabrics of France. ‘ Les Arbres de Nor¬ 
mandie,’ as Bernardin dc St. I’ierre called the Apple tre-s, produce cider 
in abundance ; wines and spirits of all kinds and qualities are manu- 
