July 12, 1838. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
39 
instances of success can be cited when the shoots have been cut back 
when buds were inserted, and it is certainly not necessary to place them 
in the mouth if they are not allowed to get unduly dry out of it; but 
the rule is as stated. 
Fruit Growing and Eee-keeping (D. D .).—A gardener of great 
experience in Scotland who has been consulted on the subject of your 
letter sends the following reply : —“ Glasgow is supplied almost exclu¬ 
sively from the Edinburgh district and the south. Fruit is somewhat 
extensively cultivated in the Lanark, Hamilton, and other districts, but 
these mostly by field culture. Rothesay or Dumbarton might be tried 
for a small piece of ground. Rents are low there, but exact figures 
cannot be stated, as the price varies according to the land and size of 
plots. Mid or East Lothian is the most suitable district, but there is 
great difficultv in getting ground, which moreover lets high, twenty to 
thirty miles from Edinburgh at from £5 to £12 per acre. The only 
method of learning would be to get employment with a good grower. 
Local inquiry would let your correspondent know more than it is pos¬ 
sible to state here ; but unless he wishes to cover his ground with glass 
two or three acres will not be sufficient to make a living out of as things 
go at present.” With this last observation we fully agree, and also 
concur in the advice to seek information in the districts alluded to. 
Sowing Ferns (/•’. S.'). —Several of the finest Ferns cannot be in¬ 
creased by division ; or, if they can, several years elapse. If right means 
are followed, they may be raised from spores. This requires a con¬ 
stantly humid warm atmosphere, and little, if any, sunshine. Procure 
a wide earthen pan, a hand or bell-glass that will go within it and rest 
on the bottom, and a shallow wide pot that will stand within the glass 
and above the rim of the pan 2 inches or 3 inches. Fill this pot half 
full of potsherds, and upon them a sufficient number of small pieces of 
turfy peat, mixed with small pieces of sandstone, about the size of peas, 
to come up to the pot. Then take the frond of any Fern that is full of 
spores or seeds, and, with the hand, brush them off upon the prepared 
pot, set it in the pan, place the glass over the pot, and fill the pan nearly 
with water. Place the whole in the warmest part of the stove, shading 
it from the sun. The small pieces of turf and stone can be easily 
separated, and the seedlings on each put into small pots, without any 
danger of destroying them by the process of potting. In the moist 
atmosphere of the Orchid house several species of Fern will come up 
spontaneously in the pots, baskets, and upon the blocks. These may be 
carefully detached as soon as they arc large enough, and potted in small 
pots, placed for a time in a shady situation, and they will soon make 
nice bushy plants. Ferns require a light open soil. A compost of sandy 
fibrous peat two parts, turfy loam one part, and leaf mould one part, 
with a free admixture of sand, will suit them well. 
Peach and Nectarine Shoots Gummed (E. II). —Gum occurs 
most frequently and is greatly encouraged, if not induced, by too rich 
soil, over-manuring, or too liberal supplies of liquid manure. It is a con¬ 
sequence of over-luxuriance, a flow of crude sap disproportionate to the 
power of elaboration and assimilation. It may be caused practically by 
a check to the circulation of the sap consequent on disbudding, or a 
dull cold period in the early stages of growth when the sap is torpid, 
followed by a warm moist one favourable to rapid growth without the 
corresponding increased power of assimilation—conditions productive 
of tissue favourable to the fungus, Ooryneum Beijerincki ; indeed it is 
questionable if the disease attack other than trees with imperfectly 
assimilated sap. Plowright states that the fungus cannot penetrate 
the bark, abrasion or laceration being necessary before the germ 
tubes can enter.” Hence the predisposing causes require careful con¬ 
sideration, and unless over-luxuriance, the sap being in excess of the 
power of assimilation by the foliage, young wood, and fruit, the reci¬ 
procal action of the roots with the head being discontinued, fungus, or 
its resulting gumming, does not occur. Lifting the trees and laying the 
roots nearer the surface in firm soil containing less organic and more 
inorganic matter is the only certain remedy. It is a good plan, however, 
to cut away the affected parts and burn them, and by stopping or 
removing gross growths, seeking an equal distribution of the sap or 
equality of vigour throughout the trees, with full exposure of the 
foliage to light and air, so as to insure thorough solidification of the 
growth. Sturdy short-jointed wood, thoroughly matured, is the chief 
object to attain, and this secured, gumming will not appear. 
Names of Fruits. —The names and-addresses of senders of fruit 
to be named must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether 
letters referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are 
not necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only 
six specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved. (A Yount/ Hand). —As has been dozens of times indi¬ 
cated, it is essential to know the character of the flowers, small or iarge, 
for naming Peaches and Nectarines ; fresh and good leaves are also 
necessary, those sent round the fruit being inadequate. 
Names of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry cotton 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once. 
ill. A.)- 1, Aerifies crassifolium ; 2, Dendrobium chrysanthum. 
iG. IF. €'.):■—It is an excellent variety of Phakcnopsis speciosa ; the other 
plant is Rodriguezia planifolia. (</. C. II.). —1, Spiraea Aruncus ; 2, 
Astrantia major; 3, Asphodelus luteus ; 4, specimen too much 
withered : 5, Iris siberica. (N. T. K.)\ —1, Russelia juncea ; 2, Gypso- 
phila paniculata. (./. —1, Dendrobium chrysanthum ; 2, Lilium 
Martagon ; 3, Veronica teucrium latifolia ; 4, Campanula glomerata ; 
5, Thalictrum aquilegifolium. iHcrefordian ).—Lafiia purpurata. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— July 11th. 
MARKET quiet. No alteration in prices. 
FBUIT. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
a. 
S. 
a. 
Apples, J sieve. 
0 
0 
to 0 
0 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 4 
0 to 9 
0 
Nova Scotia and 
Peaches, dozen.6 
0 
12 
0 
Canada barrel 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pears, dozen.0 
0 
0 
0 
Gobs, 100 lbs. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each S 
0 
5 
0 
Grapes, per ft. 
1 
6 
8 
6 
Strawberries, per lb. ., 0 
6 
i 
0 
Lunous, case. 
10 
0 
15 
0 
VEGETABLE3. 
s. 
d. 
s. d. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
Artichokes, dozen •• •• 
2 
0 
to 8 
0 
Lettuce, dozen .. .. 0 
9 
to 1 
3 
Asparagus, bundle .. •. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet .. 0 
6 
1 
0 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punt, h 
3 
0 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen .. .. 
i 
0 
2 
0 
New Potato.33, per cwt... 8 
0 
14 
0 
Broccoli, bundle •• .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bunoh.u 
3 
0 
0 
Brussels Sprouts, £ sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 2 
0 
3 
0 
Cabbage, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. .. 1 
0 
0 
r« 
Capsicums, per 100 .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per owt. 4 
0 
s 
0 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
„ Kidney, per cwt. 4 
0 
8 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 0 
3 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Salsafy, bundle .. 1 
0 
1 
6 
Coleworts, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. 1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumbers, each .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
7 
Shallots, per ft. .. .. 0 
s 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Spinaob, bushel .. .. 1 
6 
2 
0 
Hero?, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per ft.0 
6 
0 10 
Leeks, bunch. 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch .. •• 0 
4 
0 
0 
CUT FLOWERS. 
S. 
d. 
s 
a. 
s. 
d. 
B. 
a. 
Abntilons, 12 bunches .. 
3 
0 to 4 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches 2 
0 to 6 
0 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches 3 
0 
6 
0 
Asters, French, per bunch 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Pansies, 12 bchs .. .. 1 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 0 
0 
4 
0 
Azalea, 12 sprays .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 0 
4 
0 
6 
Calceolaria, 12 bunches.. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Pinks, various, 12 bunches 2 
Polyanthus, 12 bohs .. 0 
0 
6 
0 
Camellias, 12 blooms 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Pyrethrum, doz. bunches 3 
0 
6 
0 
„ 12 bunches .. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Roses, Red, 12 blooms .. 1 
„ (outdoor), 12 bchs 4 
6 
2 
» 
Corel!>wer, 12 bunches.. 
i 
6 
8 
0 
0 
12 
0 
Daisies, 12 bunches 
3 
0 
4 
0 
,, (indoor), dozen .. 0 
6 
1 
0 
Delphinium, 12 bunches.. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ Tea, dozen .. .. 1 
0 
2 
0 
Epiphyllum, 12 blooms .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ yellow .2 
0 
4 
0 
Eucharis, dozen .. ,, 
8 
0 
6 
0 
,, (Moss), 12 bunches C 
Spinea, bunch.0 
0 
12 
0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .. 
1 
6 
4 
0 
6 
1 
» 
Iris, 12 bunches .. .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Stephanotis, 12 sprays .. 1 
8 
8 
O’ 
Lapageria, coloured, 12 
Stocks, 12 bunches .. .. 1 
6 
4 
0 
blooms . 
1 
0 
i 
6 
Sweet Peas, dozen .. .. 8 
0 
6 
0 
Lilium caudidum, French, 
Sweet Sultan, 12 buncheB 6 
0 
8 
0 
per bunch . 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Tropaeolum, 12 bunches 1 
0 
2 
0 
„ E giish 12 blooms 
1 
0 
i 
6 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 0 
6 
1 
0 
Lilium longiflorum, 12 
White Gladiolus,12 sprays 0 
9 
1 
8 
blooms. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
White Lilac, per bunch .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
Aralia Sieboidi, dozen .. 
e 
Oto 12 
0 
Fuchsia, dozen pots .. 4 
Oto 12 
0 
Arborvltfe(golden) dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Genista, per dozen .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Bedding out plants in 
Heliotrope, dozen pots .. 4 
0 
8 
0 
variety, per dozen 
l 
0 
2 
0 
Ivy Geranium . 3 
0 
6 
0 
Calceolaria, per dozen.. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Hydrangea, dozen .. .. 9 
0 
18 
0 
Cineraria, dozen .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lilies Valley, dozen .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Coleus, dozen. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Lilium Harrissii, doz. pois 18 
0 
to 
0 
Crassuia, dozen .. .. 
18 
0 
80 
0 
Lobelia, per dozen .. .. 4 
Marguerite Daisy, dc zen 6 
0 
6 
0 
Dentzia, per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
12 
0 
Dracaena terminalis, doz. 
30 
0 
60 
0 
Mignonette, p9r doztn .. 4 
0 
8 
0 
„ viridis, dozen.. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Musk, dozen pots .. .. 2 
0 
4 
0 
Erica, various, dozen 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Myrtles, dozen.6 
0 
12 
0 
„ ventricosa .. .. 
18 
0 
24 
0 
Nasturtiums, per dozen.. 3 
0 
6 
0 
Euonymus, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Palms, in var.,each .. 2 
Pelargoniums, dozen .. 6 
6 
21 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
34 
0 
0 
18 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen 
4 
0 
18 
0 
,, scarlet, doz. 8 
Spirea japonica, doz. .. 6 
0 
6 
0 
Ficus elastica, each 
i 
6 
7 
0 
0 
12 
0 
Foliage Plants, var.,each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Stocks, per dozen . • .. 3 
0 
6 
u 
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENTS. 
Within the last few days we have received reports of agri 
cultural experiments now being made by Professor Jamieson in 
Sussex, by Dr. Voelcker and Mr. Carruthers at Woburn, by Mr, 
Martin J. Sutton at Dyson’s Wood, by Sir John B. Lawes at 
Rothamstead, by Sir Thomas Acland at Killerton, and by the 
Manchester, Liverpool, and North Lancashire Agricultural Society 
at Saltney and Rostherne. Glad indeed are we to see in the last- 
named report that at Rostherne Lord Egerton is using a mixture 
of nitrogenous and mineral manures at the rate of 3 cwt. per acre, 
consisting of quarter cwt. nitrate of potash, 1 cwt. nitrate of soda. 
