August 2, 1888. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
Ill 
trench taken out around them deep enough to sever all roots, filling up 
the trench again firmly. About one-third the distance from the stem 
the trees spread is proper for the trench. It will probably cause the 
trees to form fruit buds. Allow one Strawberry layer to a plant, all 
others should be pinched off as they appear. 
Club-root in Cabbag-es ( Amateur ).—It is in some cases very diffi¬ 
cult to deal with. The best preventive is to dress the ground with gas- 
lime at the rate of a bushel per rod (30J square yards') some months in 
advance of putting in the crop, for when applied at the time or shortly 
in advance of the planting it is injurious to them. It should be spread 
evenly on the surface, and be merely raked or very lightly pointed 
in. A dressing of nitrate of soda is also good. It may be applied a 
fortnight in advance of the crop, at the rate of 1 lb. per rod. Super¬ 
phosphate of lime may,be used advantageously at the rate of 3 to 4J lbs. 
per rod. When, planting out, any. Cabbages found with a protuberance 
at the root should be thrown away, or the club opened and the grub 
destroyed : those and all the other plants dipped in a thick solution of 
soot water. Terhaps the best material for dipping is to mix 1 oz. 
Calvert’s No 5 carbolic acid w T ith two gallons of soapsuds, adding 
sufficient clay or loam to form a thin paste. Well stir the mixture and 
dip the whole of the plants before planting, which must be in ilaniD soil, 
so as to render watering unnecessary. Petroleum may be used in a 
similar manner as the carbolic acid. 
Bee Orchis Treatment (J. 7?.).—The Ophrys apifera may be 
grown in pots, which should be well drained, using pieces of chalk, and 
a compost of sandy loam, but not very light, intermixed with about a 
fourth of chalk in moderate sized pieces. The tuberous roots should be 
placed beside or between pieces of chalk, care being taken to fill in the 
interstices with the loam. The plants may be stood on ashes in a cold 
frame, but are preferably plunged in that material to the rim. They 
require to have the soil always moist, but little water will be needed during 
the resting period, whilst, w r hen'growing and until the growth matures, 
water must be afforded copiously. They are the better for slight shade. 
Admit air on all favourable occasions, and draw the lights off whenever 
the weather is mild. They may also be grown in pots plunged in ashes 
with a little protective material in winter, such as dry hay. A position 
where they will have plenty of light with slight shade from hot sun is 
the best for these plants. The b.est mode of culture is to plant at 
the foot of rockwork alongside limestone or chalk, with rock or other 
prominence that will afford shade from the powerful rays of summer 
sun. Care should be taken not to allow them to suffer from lack of 
moisture. 
Ammonia for Vines (7f. S. 71).—Time after time it has been 
stated in " Work for the Week,” in articles, and in answers in this 
column, that ammonia can be beneficially applied to Vines in the form 
of strong guano water sprinkled in the house and placed in troughs on 
the pipes. We are. most willing to. advise you at all times, but have 
often observed you apply for information that has been given a few 
weeks before, and consequently a few weeks • too late for your deriving 
full benefit from the replies that we can give on a subject. Mix one or 
two ounces of guano in a gallon of water, and make every available 
plant of the house wet with it every evening when you close the sashes. 
You cannot very well use too much of this in hBt weather until the 
Grapes colour, but open the lights an inch or two at the top before 
nightfall, and the front lights also on sultry nights, and leave them 
open, giving more air very early in the morning,in advance of the rising 
temperature—that is. to prevent the heat, rushing up suddenly, then 
having to throw open the ventilators to reduce it. This latter practice, 
which is much too common, is the cause of many failures. The night 
temperature you name is quite 5° higher than is recommended in the 
Journal; in fact 10°, and.we fear you do not read attentively. If the 
thermometer registers 65° the first thing in the morning the house will 
be quite warm enough, but there must always be a free circulation of 
air. Shallow vessels may still be kept filled with water in hot weather, 
but the ammonia applications had better cease when the Grapes are 
fairly colouring, and before they are ripe. As has frequently been 
stated, this should commence when the berries are about stoning. 
Names of Fruits. —The names and addresses of senders of fruit 
to be named must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether 
letters referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are 
not necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only 
six specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved. (J. S.')-— The box did not reach us till Monday, and as 
it was only half filled with fruit the contents resembled jam, hence the 
varieties were totally beyond identification. 
Names of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, d ry cotton 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once. 
( 7 J . 7 ?.). —As you will see by our standing notification we do not under¬ 
take to name varieties of florists’ flowers. Possibly most of those you 
send never had names ; the flaked and mottled flowers are inferior. If 
you purchased the plants as named varieties you had better send flowers 
to the vendor for him to name. ( J 72. S. 67.).—Melilotus officinalis. 
(II. A'.).— 1, Lotus corniculatus; 2, Medicago maculata ; 3, Trifolium 
pratense. (IF. J3. 72.).--1, Shone Armeria ; 2, Centranthus ruber. (77.67). 
—We do not undertake to name Roses, and the other two specimens, 
both apparently Spineas, were not in good condition for determination. 
COYENT GARDEN MARKET.— August 1st. 
A brisk business dome:, with heavy supplies. Prices remain the same with the- 
exception of house fruit, which is lower. 
FRUIT. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
B. 
a. 
8. 
d. 
Applet, \ sieve. 
0 
0 
to 0 
0 
Lemons, case. 
10 
0to 16 
ft 
Cherries, £ sieve .. .. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Gobs, 100 lbs. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Currants (Red). J sieve .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Pears, dozen. 
0 
0 
0 
ft 
,, ( Black), ^ sieve.. 
3 
0 
8 
6 
St. Michael Pines, each 
8 
0 
5 
ft 
Grapes, per tt>. 
1 
6 
8 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. .. 
0 
6 
1 
ft 
VEGETABLES. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Artichokes, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 to 8 
0 
Lettuce,dozen .. .. 
0 
9 to 1 
S 
Asparagus, bundle .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
0 
6 
1 
ft 
Beans, Kidney,per lb. .. 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punt. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen 
X 
0 
s 
0 
New Potatoes, per cwt... 
8 
0 
14 
ft 
Broccoli, bundle .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Brussels Sprouts, J sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
8 
0 
Cabbage, dozen .. .. 
l 
6 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. .. 
i 
0 
0 
0 
Capsicums, per 100 .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
4 
0 
6 
ft 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
,, Kidnev, per cwt. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen 
s 
0 
4 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
ft 
Celery, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Salsafy, bundle .. .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Coleworts, doz. bunches 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. 
1 
6 
0 
ft 
Cucumbers, each .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
7 
Shallots, per tb. 
0 
3 
0 
(1 
Endive, dozen. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach, bushel .. .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Herbs, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
0 
6 
0 
10 
Leeks, bunob .. .. .. 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
CUT 
flowers; 
8. 
d. 
S 
d. 
8. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Abntilons, 12 bnnches .. 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches 
2 
0 to 6 
ft 
Aram Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
3 
0 
s 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bnnches 
2 
0 
8 
0 
Asters, Frenoh,per bunch 
1 
3 
i 
6 
Pansies, 12 bchs .. .. 
1 
0 
8 
ft 
Azalea, 12 sprays .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 
0 
6 
1 
ft 
Bouvardias, bunch .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 
0 
4 
0 
t> 
Calceolaria, 12 bunches.. 
4 
ft 
6 
0 
Pinks, various, 12 bnnches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Camellias, 12 blooms 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Polyanthus, 12 bunches .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Pyrethrum, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
O 
12 bunches .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Roses, Red, 12 blooms .. 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Cornflower, 12 bunches.. 
i 
6 
3 
0 
,, (outdoor), 12 bchs 
2 
0 
6 
ft 
Daisies, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
,, (indoor), dozen .. 
0 
6 
1 
ft 
Delphinium, 12 bunches.. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
,, Tea, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Epiphyllum, 12 blooms .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ yellow . 
2 
0 
4 
ft 
Eucharis, dozen .. .. 
8 
0 
6 
0 
,, (Moss), 12 bunches 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .♦ 
1 
6 
4 
0 
Spiraea, bunch . 
0 
6 
i 
0 
Iris, 12 bunches .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Stephanotis, 12 sprays .. 
1 
6 
.8 
o 
Lapageria, coloured, 12 
Stocks, 12 bunches .. .. 
4 
ft 
6 
0 
blooms . 
1 
0 
l 
6 
Sweet Peas, dozen .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Lilium candidum, per 
Sweet Sultan, 12 bnnches 
2 
0 
6 
ft 
bunch 
1 
0 
i 
6 
TroDaeolum, 12 bunches 
i 
0 
2 
ft 
„ 12 blooms 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
0 
6 
1 
ft 
Lilinm longiflorum, 13 
White Gladiolus,12 sprays 
0 
6 
1 
ft 
blooms. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
White Lilac, per bunch .. 
0. 
0 
.0 
ft 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
S. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. d. 
8. 
a. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Genista, per dozen 
0 
0 to 0 
ft 
Arbor vitas (golden) dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Heliotrope, dozen pots .. 
8 
0 
6 
ft 
Calceolaria, per dozen.. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Ivy Geranium. 
8 
0 
6 
ft 
Cineraria, dozen .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Hydrangea, dozen .. .. 
9 
0 
18 
ft 
Coleus, dozen. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Lilies Valley, dozen 
0 
0 
0 
ft 
Crassnia, dozen .. .. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Lilinm, various, doz. pots 
12 
0 
21 
0 
Deutzia, per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lobelia, per dozen .. .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Dracaena terminalis, doz. 
SO 
0 
60 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
ft 
,, viridis, dozen.. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Mignonette, per dozen .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Erica, various, dozen 
0 
1) 
0 
0 
Musk, dozen pots .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Euonymus, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Nasturtiums, per dozen.. 
8 
0 
6 
ft 
Ferns, in variety, dozen 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Palms, in var..each 
2 
6 
21 
0 
Ficus elastica, each 
i 
8 
7 
0 
Pelargoniums, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Foliage Plants, var.,each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
,, scarlet, doz. 
8 
0 
6 
0 
Fuchsia, dozen pots 
8 
0 
9 
0 
Spirea japonica, doz. 
6 
0 
12 
ft 
A WET SUMMER. 
After the dry weather of May a dripping June was gladly 
welcomed, as being admirably calculated to promote free growth 
and bring on the corn crops in readiness to derive full benefit from 
the hot summer weather which we had reasonable hope would 
follow in July. But such hopes were doomed to disappointment, 
for the cold wet weather of July, 1888, was so remarkable that it 
will certainly be remembered for many years to come ; not, we 
hope, for any disastrous results arising from it, but rather for its 
phenomenal character alone. 
True it is that people are not wanting who assert that the 
effects of week after week of cold, wet, sunless weather in July 
must prove the reverse of beneficial for the corn ; that the Wheat 
could not “ cast ”— i.e., set its blossom and develope grain—without 
