November 22,18S8. 1 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
481 
the cane then, but rub off some of the top buds as may be required. 
Leaving the canes their full length when planted is the cause of not a 
few failures in Vine growing. 
Raising- Gladioli from “ Spawn ” and Seed ( Bridal ).—We 
know of no special treatise such as you appear to require. “ D., Deal," 
has often described the raising of plants from bulblets or “ spawn.” We 
have raised thousands by sowing the bulblets thinly in drills a foot 
apart and about 2 inches deep in free soil in the open ground in March, 
not disturbing the plants till a few of them flowered, then when these 
die down taking up the whole and sorting the corrns into sizes for 
planting. Many seedlings have been raised by sowing in boxes of sandy 
loam in a frame in the spring, hut a simpler plan is to sow the seed as 
if it were Onion seed in the open ground. Mr. J. Ollerhead of Wim¬ 
bledon described his practice and the results in our columns in January 
of last year, and as the number is out of print his remarks are repro¬ 
duced :—“ Most soils will grow matured corms with a certain amount 
of satisfaction, even under very ordinary management ; but to succeed 
well with seed a good friable soil is indispensable, and this should be 
well drained, either naturally or artificially, to carry away all stagnant 
or superfluous moisture which may be caused by the constant waterings 
necessary during the growing season. Trench and manure the ground 
in the usual way, except in securing some of the best decayed dung 
available, and keep it near the surface to feed the seedlings immediately 
they begin to root. I sow our seed in a well-prepared border in the 
kitchen garden, and as we are close on a gravel subsoil we can water 
our plants freely without fear of stagnation. I sow the seed in drills 
about 8 inches apart (just wide enough to work a Dutch hoe with free¬ 
dom) about the middle of March, if the weather is favourable ; if not, 
I leave it to the end of March. Immediately the seedlings appear keep 
the ground well stirred with the Dutch hoe to keep down weeds. 
Immediately the ground seems dry and sweet, give them a good water¬ 
ing with liquid manure. Even at this early stage of growth they will 
take liquidtwice or thrice a week if the weather is dry, and as they 
advance in growth they will take it more abundantly—in fact, the only 
attention they will require will be a perpetual stirring of the soil to 
break the crust formed by watering, which will also keep down weeds 
and give abundance of liquid manure, and if this is persevered in I am 
quite satisfied the cultivator will be rewarded with a few spikes of 
flower in the same year the seeds are sown ; at any rate, the writer has 
flowered them the first season from seed, and I see no reason why other 
cultivators cannot do likewise. I remember, several years ago, paying 
a visit to Mr. Ivelway at Langport. When I arrived he expressed his 
pleasure in seeing me, and added, ‘ I have a treat in store for you—a 
field over a quarter of a mile long of Gladioli in full bloom.’ And it 
was a sight well worth going to see, and this was only one of the many 
fields he had at that time in full bloom. While enjoying this great 
feast of Gladioli bloom, Mr. Kelway remarked, ‘ I am the only success¬ 
ful Gladioli grower in this country— i.e., a cultivator who grows the 
plant from seed to maturity in this country,’ and I thought he well 
deserved the palm. I noticed his seeds were all sown in drills, and he 
told me how long it took to mature the corms to flowering size, and 
feeling as I did so deeply impressed with the sight of acres and acres of 
their flowers, I determined to try my hand in working up a stock. 
Accordingly I secured some good named varieties to start with, saved 
seed, sowed it. and grew the seedlings in the manner I have described, 
and, as I have already stated, succeeded in flowering some of the seed¬ 
lings in the same year they were sown.” This record of successful 
practice can scarcely faii to be of service to yourself and the other 
“ feverish amateurs ” in your neighbourhood. 
Names of Fruits.—The names and addresses of senders of fruit 
to be named must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether 
letters referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are 
not necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only 
six specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved. (T. S. B.). —1, Red Calville ; 2, King of the Pippins ; 
3, Cox’s Orange Pippin ; 4, P>ringewood Pippin. Pear is Belle Epine 
du Mas. (J. Lan-ideliy. —1, Braddick’s Nonpareil ; 2, Not known ; 3, 
Scarlet Nonpareil ; 4, Not known. (A’. A.). —1. IJeurre Bose ; 2, Hacon’s 
Incomparable; 3, Beurre Diel (Beckenham ').—The Apple is certainly not 
Blenheim Pippin, but Hormead Pearmain. (Jot. Harrison).—1, Haw- 
t’norndcan ; 2, Cellini ; 3, Winter Greening ; 4, Northern Greening ; 
5, Golden Reinette ; 0, Bedfordshire Foundling. (Fisher).—\ and 2, 
Goff ; 3, Braddick's Nonpareil ; 4, Golden Streak ; 5, Golden Winter 
Pearmain; C, Beurre Diel. (F. J.). —1. Thompson’s; 2, Due de Bor¬ 
deaux ; Nos. 3 and 6 tickets were loose in the box ; 4, Beurre Superfin ; 
5, General Toddleben. 
names of Plants.—We only undertake to name species of planls, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry cotton 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(G. d/.)._We much regret that owing to the flowers being very small 
and being packed in paper they were so shrivelled when they reached 
us as to be quite beyond recognition. The delicate flowers of Orchids 
require especial care in packing when they have to travel even a 
short distance. (IF. J?.).—1, Adiantum gracillimum. 2, Adiantum 
aetkiopicum. 3, Nephrolepistuberosa. 4, Selaginella Martensi. (B. O., 
Sheffield).— 1, Pleione Lagenaria. 2, Lrelia anceps. (G. II.).— 1, The 
Abutilons are apparently seedling varieties. 2, Adiantum pedatum. 3. 
loo imperfect to be recognised. 4, Davalliacanariensis. 
COI ENT GARDEN MARKET.— November 21st. 
Trade quiet, with heavy supplies, especially Grapes. 
FRUIT. 
Apple?, J sieve. 
s. 
2 
d. s. 
6 to 4 
d. 
G 
Lemons, case. 
s. 
10 
d. s. 
0 to IK 
d. 
G 
Nova Scotia and 
Oranges, per 10U .. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Canada, per barrel 
10 
0 
22 
0 
Peaches, dozen. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Oherr eg, £ sieve .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pears, dozen. 
0 
9 
1 
G 
Uoba, 100 lbs.100 
0 
0 
0 
Plume, t-siev. 
2 
0 
4 
O 
Grapes, per lb. 
0 
6 
2 
6 
St. Micnael Pines, each 
8 
0 
8 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
p. 
d. 
s. d. 
d. 
d 
Artichokes, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
to 8 
0 
Lettuce, dozen .. ,. 
0 
9 
to 1 
3 
Asparagi s,bundle .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
0 
0 
1 
& 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 
0 10 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punt. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
o 
0 
New Potatoes, per owt... 
0 
0 
0 
O 
Broccoli, bundle .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bunch. 
0 
3 
o 
o 
Brussels Sprout?, £ sieve 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Cabbage,dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. .. 
i 
0 
0 
0 
Capsicum?, per 100 .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
4 
0 
6 
o 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
,, Kidnev, per owt. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Cauliflower?, dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle .. . 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Salsify, bundle .. ,. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Coloworts, doz. bunches 
a 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle 
1 
6 
o 
0 
Cucumbers, each .. .. 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Shallots, per tb .. .. 
0 
8 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen. 
i 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach, bushel .. .. 
1 
8 
2 
0 
Hero?, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
0 
3 
0 
a 
Leeks, bunch. 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
CUT 
FLOWERS. 
e. 
d. 
s 
d. 
S. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
Abntilcns, 12 bunches .. 
3 
0 to 6 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
to 6 
0 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Asters, dozen bunches .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Narcitsns (Paper White), 
„ French, per bunch 
0 
0 
0 
0 
12 sprays .. 
i 
0 
i 
8 
Azalea, 12 sprays .. .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
„ (French) bunch 
0 
3 
0 
S 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 
i 
0 
1 
8 
Calceolaria, 12 bunches.. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Camellias, 12 blooms 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Poinsettia, dozen blooms 
6 
0 
8 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Pyrethrum, doz. bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
,, 12 bunches .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Roses, Red, 12 blooms .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Chrysanthemums, 12 bi... 
1 
0 
3 
0 
„ (indoor), dozen .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
,» 12 bchs. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ Tea,dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Cyclamen, dozen blooms 
o ■ 
4 
0 
9 
„ yellow . 
2 
0 
4 
& 
Dahlias, 12 bunches.. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
S tephanotis, 12 sprays .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Eucharis, dozen .. .. 
s 
0 
6 
0 
Tropfeolum, 12 bunches 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
0 
8 
1 
0 
Hyacinths (Roman), doz. 
Gladiolus, 12 sprays 
0 
0 
0 
o 
sprays . 
1 
0 
i 
6 
Violets, 12 bunches.. .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Lapageria, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
„ Parme (French), 
Lilium longiflorum, 12 
per bunch 
8 
6 
5 
0 
blooms. 
4 
0 
e 
0 
„ (French) bunch.. 
1 
6 
8 
0 
PLANTS IN TOTS. 
s. 
d. 
0. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
0. 
d. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
Ferns, in variety, dozen 
6 
0 to 24 
(> 
Aium Lilies, per dozen .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Arbor vitae (golden) dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Ficus elastica, each 
1 
6 
1 
0 
Asters, 12 pots. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Foliage pUnta, var., each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Begonias, various, per doz. 4 
0 
9 
0 
Fuchsia, dozen pots 
8 
0 
6 
0 
Chrysanthemum, doz. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Hyacinths (Roman), dcz. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
., large,doz. .. 
15 
0 
24 
0 
Lilium, various,doz. pots 12 
0 
21 
0 
Coleus, dozen. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Cyclamen,, dr zen pots .. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Mignonette, per dozen .. 
0 
0 
0 
t> 
Dracamaterminals, doz. 
30 
0 
60 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Erica hyemalis, doz. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Palms, iu var., each 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, 12 
2 
0 
21 
0 
„ gracilis, doz. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
8 
0 
6 
0 
,, various, doz. 
8 
0 
18 
0 
Poinsettia, per dozen .. 
12 
0 
12 
0 
„ viridis, dcz. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Primula, per doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Euonymus, var. dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Solanums, doz. 
9 
0 
15 
0 
SHEEP MANAGEMENT. 
The importance of sheep as a factor to success in farming 
has obtained more general recognition, and has been turned to 
better account than most other points of good husbandry. But 
like other good things it is liable to abuse, and there can be no 
doubt that there is a serious annual loss of sheep through care¬ 
lessness or mismanagement. Perhaps our most considerable losses 
occur among ewes and lambs, and it cannot fail to be useful to call 
attention now to some of the causes of such losses, upon the sound 
principle that prevention is better than cure. 
To have strong healthy lambs it is of primary importance that 
the ewes are well bred and well fed. Careful attention to diet 
