Uarch 29, 1888. J 
265 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
ROSES ON THE MANErXI. 
A COHHESPONDENT sends me a sketch of a Rose plant he has 
received with others, and asks, “ How he is to plant it, or what is he 
to do with it ? ” My reply is. “ Throw it away if it is on the Manetti.” 
If we waste our time at all in planting Roses on this stock, we must, to 
plant them properly, bury the Manetti 2 inches below the surface. If 
we do so in this case, the roots will be so far from sun and air, that 
failure will probably result. When such plants as these (fig. .'Id) arc 
received from the nursery, by far the best course to adopt is to return 
them at once. 
I give a sketch (fig. 35) of what a budded plant should be on any 
stock. This, I think, bears its own explanation with it without further 
words from me. I may say, however, that the stock might be cut a 
little closer without detriment. 
Where fig. 34 happens to be on a Briar it should be treated as a small 
standard; at any rate this is the way that such a plant will answer 
best; in this way only can the roots be placed near enough to the 
surface.—D. Gilmouk, jux. 
UNDER GARDENERS. 
In reply to “ J. P. L.’s ” remarks, I repeat that my opinion of under 
gardeners writing down those less fortunate than themselves is very poor. 
Your correspondent hastily accuses me of denouncing head gardeners. 
1 spoke in praise of four, three I had served under, and only noted one 
exception. I am sorry for the discernment of “ J. P. L.” if he thinks 
this denouncing them all. When letter after letter appear d written in 
a spirit of censure against under gardeners, it behoved me to take up 
their defence as a sympathiser with those who suffer wrong not of their 
own making. This brings me to the remarks on forgetting my position. 
I am of opinion that no individual should hold the future of his sub¬ 
ordinates at his entire mercy, to give a character or to withhold one. In 
that 1 even propose to limit my own power, for I am master of my 
jxDsition, and my employer never intervenes between me and my 
men. 1 thank “ A Foreman ” for his remarks. I hope soon to hear he 
has joined the ranks of head gardeners, wko know how to get the most 
work done and yet treat their men kindly.— Head Gardener, The 
Grove, Teddington. 
SELF-IMPROVEMENT. 
I SEE in the Journal that young gardeners are recommended to learn 
shorthand. Several years ago I learnt enough of shorthand to be able 
to take down the greater part of the sermons in church on Sundays, 
but as I did not find it of any other use it gradually fell into the back¬ 
ground, and I do not think I could make use of it now without learning 
it afresh. There are many other subjects more useful than shorthand 
to gardeners. The following I consider the best in the order given :— 
Writing, spelling, English grammar, drawing, botany, agricultural 
chemistry, Latin and French. If the rudiments of the last four sub¬ 
jects only are learnt, they will be found very useful, but of course it 
will be much better if any or all of them can be thoroughly mastered. 
I find them all useful at times, with the exception of shorthand, and 
for that reason I recommend it to be last taken up.—J. L. B. 
have bad times to contend against, restricting labour, aud allowance 
should be made for this by sutxirdinates.—S cotchman. 
[a “ Scotchman ” requested us to correct his manuscript ; we have 
done so freely, and now advise him to improve himself before he writes 
to the press again, and then to afford space between the lines for revi¬ 
sion. At present we cannot congratulate him on the excellence of his 
work. A letter from “ A. B.” is not suitable for publication, and he 
must strive assiduously in improving his education if he aspires to the 
rank of a good representative British gardener.] 
FRUIT PACKING. 
Mr. Pettigrew’s reply to my criticism, contrary to his intention, is 
certainly courteous. Of course, I could not have been aware his paper 
on the above subject was written at the request of his particular 
gardening friend, who he states is a constant reader of the Journal of 
Ilorticulture, and a keen observer. No doubt the same distinction is 
equally applicable to a large number of readers, and this mus; be my 
only plea for intrusion. Mr. Pettigrew is evidently desirous that his 
plain statement of facts should be rightly understood. I must confess, 
as they have been stated, I have not comprehended them. For instance,. 
Mr. Pettigrew states he can send Grapes hundreds lof miles under 
pressure on all sides of packing materials, and at the journey’s end they 
will be found as fresh as when cut from the Vines. The secret of this 
would be well worth knowing even by the keenest of observers; but 
possibly 1 may have mistaken the meaning of Grape packing, as Mr. 
Pettigrew says I have done respecting the use of two boxes in Peach 
packing. They may both be statements worth knowing to all constant 
readers, and especially to—R. W. 
PRINCESS TECK IN SPRING. 
In reply to Mr. W. Brown (page 223) relative to late-blooming- 
plants of the above Chrysanthemum mentioned by Mr. Pettigrew, I am 
glad to give any information I can. Your correspondent asks how many 
flowers were borne by each plant, and of what size were the largest 
blooms ? 
Fifty plants after blooming as usual were cut down with the general 
stock. But these plants, I am informed by the propagator, were struck 
from late-flowering plants of last spring, and were not more than 
eleven months old when I told Mr. Pettigrew they were struck with the- 
general stock. Every year we have some plants of Princess Teck to 
throw up late bloom, but this season every plant threw a good head of 
growth, which has bloomed profusely, and the plants have averaged 
three dozen blooms each of the ordinary size of those usually produced 
in autumn and not disbudded. Up to this time they have made as good 
a display as in the autumn, in proportion to the number grown. The 
flowers are more variable than those of the same plants in the autumn,, 
many of them being reflexed and almost Japanese in character. Whether 
I have obtained simply by selection (the Chrysanthemum being perhaps- 
more given to sporting than any other florist flower) an approach to a. 
perpetual flowering Chrysanthemum or not I cannot say, but certainly 
the side shoots are again breaking into buds at almost every point oh 
plants not yet cleared of their bloom, just as a Marguerite would do. 
In this district (South Wales) our greatest demand for white flowers 
is for grave decoration on “ Flowering Sunday ”—the Sunday before- 
Easter, after which I do not expect to keep the plants, but I will 
certainly retain a few that anyone interested in their repeated bloom¬ 
ing may see them. I send a handful of young growth taken from 
one plant (that has already yielded two crops of bloom—viz., in the. 
autumn, and during February and March), with buds in all stages. I 
send only a few open blooms as they are wanted this week, as just 
mentioned.— R. Crossling, Penarth Xurseries. 
[The blooms received are exactly as described by our correspondent,, 
and the young growths are bearing a profusion of buds from the size of 
peas upwards, the florets of some just unfolding. There are eight of 
such buds branching from one stem, all fresh and healthy, and whicbi 
would have expanded if left on the plants. The flowers are admirably 
adapted for wreaths.] 
I HAVE read with much interest the correspondence under the head¬ 
ing of “ Under Gardeners.” I have been .an under gardener for the last 
nine years, and confess I have been under more good masters than bad. 
Some head gardeners are very ex.acting in expecting the men under 
them to work overtime systematically and without any recompense. I 
am not against working an hour or two overtime on special occasions, 
bat, on the contrary, am quite willing to do so, and I do not like to see 
young men leave off work as soon as the hour strikes as if they -were 
wound up like the clock. I have .always had pleasure in work¬ 
ing in preparing for an exhibition, and had ample re'ard in 
visiting the show. My advice to my fellows is to do the best they can 
in their positions, and look forward to better days. Head gardeners 
SUMMER FLOWERING CHRYSANTHEMUMS. 
In my opinion these are the most useful plants in the flower garden.. 
They are hardy, and they are so easily managed that any novice may 
succeed with them. They flower freely in all situations. They grow 
well in towns under the direct influence of smoke, exposed to the sea 
breeze, under the shade of trees, and in positions where flowers gene¬ 
rally do not succeed, and yet these Chrysanthemums prove gay and 
attractive under all circumstances. They begin flowering about 
the end of June, and continue to do so until frost destroys them. When 
we had our first plants of them we propagated them in heat in the 
spring, but when once the plants were established in the open we ceased 
to propagate indoors, and now allow the plants and roots to remain in 
