May 10, 1888. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
395 
Any good garden soil will do. The cuttings or small sots should be 
placed at a distance of 3 to 4 inches apart, and having roots they will 
grow away quickly, water being let in to keep the plants thoroughly 
wet. In the course of a week dress with well decomposed cowdung, 
spreading it evenly over all the plants, and press it down with a heavy 
board to which a long handle is fixed obliquely similar to a turf beater. 
The water is then raised to 3 inches, or better 2 inehes at first, and never 
should be more than 3 inches. No further attention is necessary until 
gathering, unless weeds appear, when they must be removed. In summer 
the plants will afford a gathering every fifteen to twenty-one d.ays, but 
in winter the gathering will be less frequent. After every cutting a 
dressing of manure—viz., decayed cowdung, about six bushels to the size 
of ted named, is given, spreading it over the plants and beating it down 
with the rammer before mentioned. In twelve months from pilanting 
the IVatercresses they are exhausted, the manure forming a tolerably 
thick layer at the bottom of the trench, and tends to raise the level. 
This should be thrown out upon the border adjoining or separating the 
trenches, or otherwise employed as manure. The bed should bo renewed 
.annually. September is a good time to make the beds and to plant. 
For growing Cres.ses in borders a moist soil should be chosen, and shady 
but not with overhanging trees or shrubs. Dig the earth fine, and form 
a ditch all round, or trenches m.ay be drawn with a hoe, and filled with 
water until it becomes like mud. Cover with an inch depth of drift 
sand, and then insert the slips 4 to 6 inches apart, watering well until 
established. They will be ready for gathering from in a few weeks. 
The shoots should be cut and not picked. Cresses grown in this way are 
not so mild flavoured as those grown in manured trenches in water, but 
the quality depends in a great measure upon the attention in watering, 
which cannot be too liberal. Some prefer the “ land ” Cresses, from 
their being free from aquatic insects. 
STatnes of Fruits,— The names and addresses of senders of fruit 
to be n.amed must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether 
letters referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are 
not necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only 
six specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved. ('A. Lnotii ).—The Apple is Winter Colman. We do not 
know of a- cheap pamphlet such as you suggest. 
Wames of Plants.— AVe only undertake to name species of plants; 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly d.ampmoss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry cotton 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
(id N.).—Goldfussia isoph^ylla. (IF. P .).—1 and 2, Insufficient without 
flowers. 3, Send again when it is in flower. 4, Megasea jmrpurascens. 
6, Francoa sonchifolia. 6, Alyssum saxatile. (TF.—1, Drassia verru¬ 
cosa. 2, Begonia tete-virens. (J. C. It.}. —1, Narcissus incomparabilis 
Stella. 2, N. poeticus ornatus. 3, Anemone fulgens. 4, Anemone 
appenina. 5, Anemone nemorosa flore-pleno. (IF. P}. —1, Doronicum 
caucasium. 2, Eibes aureum. 3, Eibes sanguineum. 
COVENT GAEDEN MAEKET.— AIay 9th. 
OUR market Still keeps steady, supplies ail round being good. Business remains the 
same. 
FRUIT. 
8, 
d. 
B. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
s. 
a. 
Apple?, i sieve.2 
G 
to 4 
6 
Oranges, per 100 .. 
2 
0 to 6 
0 
Nova Scotia and 
Peaches, dozen ,, ,, 
18 
0 
80 
0 
Canada barrel 10 
0 
18 
0 
Fears, dozen »• .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Cobs, 100 lbs.45 
0 
0 
0 
8t. Michael Pines, each 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Crape?, per lb. 3 
6 
6 
0 
Strawberries, pet lb. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
V.mous, case .. .. ..10 
0 
15 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
B. 
d. 
8*. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
AitlchokcB, dozen .. •• 1 
0 to 3 
0 
Lettuce, dozen 
0 
9 
to 1 
3 
Asparagus,bundle.. ., 2 
6 
4 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Beans, Kidney,per lb. .. 1 
6 
0 
0 
Mustard and Oress. uunt. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen ,, 1 
0 
2 
0 
Onions, bunch.. .. 
0 
3 
C 
0 
Broccoli, bundle .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
3 
0 
3 
0 
Brussels Sprout.?, J sieve 3 
6 
4 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Cabbage,dozen .. ., 1 
6 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt... 
4 
0 
s 
0 
Capsicums, per 100 .. 1 
6 
2 
0 
„ Kidney.per owt. 
4 
0 
0 
0 
Carrots, bunch ,. .. 0 
4 
0 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Cauliflowers, doien .. 3 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy, bundle ., 
Oi 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Celery, bundle .. .. 1 
6 
2 
0 
Soorzonera, bundle 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Coleworts, dcz. bunches 2 
0 
4 
0 
Seakale, basket .. 
1 
s 
1 
9 
Cucumbers, each .. .. 0 
4 
0 
7 
Shallots, per tb. 
0 
S 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen.. 1 
0 
0 
Heros, bunch.0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. .. 
• • 
1 
6 
ft 
6 
Ijeeks, bunch .. .. .. Q 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch .. 
• • 
0 
4 
0 
C 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
8. 
d 
Aralia Sicboldi, dozen .. 6 
0tol2 
0 
Ficus elastics, each 
1 
6 
to 7 
0 
Arborvita3(golden) dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Foliage Plants, var..each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Arum Lilies,dozen.. .. 6 
0 
12 
0 
Fuchsia, dozen pota 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Azalea, dozen.13 
0 
2t 
0 
Genista, per dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Cineraria, dozen ,, ,, 6 
0 
10 
0 
Heliotrope, doasn pots 
6 
0 
9 
0 
OoleuB, dozen.4 
0 
6 
0 
Hydran gea, dozen .. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Oyclamen, dozen ..12 
0 
18 
0 
Lilies Valley, dozen 
18 
0 
24 
0 
Dieljtra, per dozen .. is 
0 
18 
0 
Lilium doz. 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Beutzia, per dozen ,. 6 
0 
9 
0 
Marcuerite Daisv. dozen 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Dractena terminalis, doz. 30 
0 
60 
0 
Musk, dozen pots .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ viridis, dozen.. 12 
0 
24 
0 
Myrtles, dozer... ,, 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Erica, various, dozen .. 9 
0 
18 
0 
Palms, in var.,each 
3 
G 
21 
0 
„ ventrloosa .. ..18 
0 
24 
0 
Pelarffoniams, dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Euonymns, in var.,dozen 6 
0 
18 
0 
scarlet, doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
ii\ergTeenfl,invar.jdozen 6 
0 
24 
0 
Poinsett'a, dozen .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Feins, in variety, dozen 4 
0 
18 
0 
Spirea japonics, dcz. 
• • 
0 
0 
12 
0 
CUT FLOWERS. 
s. 
d. 
8 
a. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Abnillons, 12 bunches .. 
Anenome (Fulgens), ] 2 
bunches 
2 
0 
to 4 
0 
Lily of the Valley, 12 
0 
6 to 1 
0 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Mignonatte, 12 bunohee 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Anemones (French), 12 
Narcks, various, 12 bobs 
2 
0 
4 
0 
bunches 
1 
6 
4 
0 
Pansies, 12 bchs .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0- 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms ., 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Azalea, 12 sprays .. .. 
0 
0 
1 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 
0 
4 
0 
s 
Bouvardiaa, bunch .. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Polyanthue, 12 bchs 
1 
0 
s 
Ct 
Camellias, 1 1 blooms .. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Primro3e6,12 bunches «. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
O»rnatlons, 12 blooms 
1 
0 
o 
0 
,, (double), bunch .. 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Cowslips, 12 bunches 
Cvclameu, 12 blooms 
1 
0 
2 
6 
Roses, Red, 12 blooms .. 
,, (indoor), dozen •• 
2 
0 
6 
0 
u 
4 
6 
0 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Daffodils, Double, 12 bcha 
1 
0 
2 
0 
„ Tea, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
„ Single, 12 bchs 
1 
0 
3 
0 
red, dozen (French) 
„ yellow . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Daisies, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Bpiphyllum, 12 blooms .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Spirffia, bunch. 
0 
6 
1 
o 
Encharis, dozen .. •• 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Stophanotis, 12 sprays .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms •• 
Hyacinths, French, 12 
1 
8 
4 
0 
Tropmolum, 12 bunches 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
bnnehes .. 
12 
0 
15 
0 
Tulips, dozen blooms .. 
0 
3 
0 
6- 
„ (Dutch), box .. 
1 
6 
4 
0 
Violets, 12 bunches.. .. 
„ (French), bunch 
0 
4 
0 
9 
Lapsgeria, coloured, 12 
1 
0 
2 
0 
blooms. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
„ (Partne), bunch 
2 
0 
8 
Lilium longiflorum, 12 
WaJIflowfrs, 12 bchs 
White Lilac, per bunch .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
blooms. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
6 
6 
Marguerites, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
SYSTEMATIC FARMING. 
A PURPOSE and plan in agriculture, as much as in anything 
else, if well considered and entered upon with all due deliberation 
and care, should form the basis of successful practice, and we ar& 
certainly wont to accord respect to the man who so acts. But 
before trusting him entirely, and taking any of his proceedings as 
a guide for our own, it is certainly worth while inquiring if he- 
achieves results at all commensurate with the apparent excellence 
of his system. 
We fell into some such train of thought as this in our walk 
round the home farm before sitting down to write this article, for 
we had before our eyes the results of systematic farming, and we 
are bound to own they were unsatisfactory. We may explain that 
at Michaelmas, 1886, about eighty acres of arable land were added 
to the home farm. These eighty acres had been in the hands of a 
tenant who, upon the expiration of his lease, demanded a reduction 
of 50 per cent, upon his rent as an offer to re-hire the land. Such 
a concession v^'as felt to be uncalled for, and so the Land came in 
hand. Now the late tenant farmed about a thousand acres adjoining 
this land, all which was kept strictly under a four-cotrrse shift. He 
was an old practitioner who gave his entire attention to his work, 
riding over most of his land twice daily, and he had the reputation 
of being an excellent farmer. But to be quite fair, and judging 
solely from the results before us, we could not regard them as being 
worthy of praise, rather did we find much to which exception must 
be taken. The land was wet in some parts, and the whole of it 
was poor and foul with weeds. By judicious drainage and the- 
application of manure a speedy remedy was found for the first 
two faults, but the third was by no means so easily set right, for 
some of the fields are so badly infested with Charlock that it will 
be a labour of years to eradicate it. This land, be it remembered, 
had been for many years under a rigorous four-course shift, for 
which, in addition to having a regular change of crops, the special 
advantage is claimed of being “ snuiinered,” or subjected to a long 
fallow every fourth year, which means that it is left uncropped, 
ploughed several times, and so it is said to bo thoroughly rested 
and cleaned. 
To take another example, we may turn to a farm of nearly 
four hundred acres which came in hand last Michaelmas. Knowing 
as we did that land so left is quite certain to be low in fertility, we 
have taken care that every field has had a full dressing of manure 
before a crop was sown in it, but we cannot so readily apply a- 
remedy for foulness, and some of it is so badly infested with couch 
