Hay 24, 1888. J 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER 
427 
clialcedonica fi.-pl., and L. viscosa fl.-pl.; Irises corifolia and semper- 
florens ; Megaseas purpurascens and ligulata ; Irises ochroleuca, stylosa, 
and pumila varieties ; Polemonium azureum and Richardsoni; Violas in 
variety ; Orobus vernus ; Sedum spectabile ; Rocket (Hesperis) ; Geum 
coccineum ; Centaurea montana ; Achillea ptarmica ; Physalis alkekengi ; 
Gypsophila panicnlata ; Galax aphylla ; Onosma taiirica; Statices, 
Trilliums, Alstromerias, and Narcissuses. This list, a fragment of the 
tvhole, and representing the mixture, gives an idea of this interesting 
garden. 
On one of the rockery mounds the following plants are thriving, 
showing how well they are adapted for exposed elevations, and that 
they find the essentials for their growth. The mounds are in three tiers, or 
the top and two ledges:—Upper part—Campanula soldanella plena, Coro- 
nilla iberica. Origanum pulchellum, Dianthus superbus, Veronica sola- 
nifolia, Dentaria polyphylla, Lithospermum prostratum, Dianthus 
deltoitles alba. Second ledge—Ranunculus amplexicaulis, Dianthus 
cinnabarinus, Hutchinsia alpina, Primula hirsuta, Viola alpina. Anemone 
stcllata, Dianthus neglectus, . Androsace lanuginosa, Dianthus Seguieri, 
Sedum causicum, Dryas octopetala, Anemone Robinsoni, Dianthus 
Candolleana, Thymus montanus albus, Androsace lanuginosa, Saxifraga 
Macnabiana. Third or bottom ledge—Androsace coronopifolia, Aralia 
matter of right and by force of habit, unthinkingly essayed to cross the 
lawn, whereupon a loud protest arose against the transgression, and they 
were put into their proper phace forthwith. They apologised for the 
momentary forgetfulne.ss, and did not offend again. On Mr. Ingram 
speaking to the Duke the next morning of the exemplary conduct of 
the people. His Grace expressed his pleasure, remarking he “ understood 
the only offenders were Lady Adeliza and Mr. Ingram.” 
Passing the Castle, as it is seen in fig. 66, on the right, the walk 
curves along the side of the hill on the extremity of which the building 
stands. The great ridge of rocks, which at some far past periotl rose out 
of the sea, are somewhat horseshoe-shaped, and clothed with timber, as 
they have been for generations ; on the north and west side—the outer 
rim of the shoe—densely, forming a wood ; along the inner curve, from 
the west almost round to the cast, the trees have been thinned, and 
under them the great slanting, and in places almost precipitous, bank is 
studded with flowers. DaSodils and others suitable for establishing in 
the grass and clefts of rocks have leen planted annually, and the effect 
of this steady persistent work of years is precisely as if the flowers had 
crept onwards by natural increase right along the slope for about a 
quarter of a mile. The walk along the declivity bends about, as paths 
usually do along steep hillsides. Honeysuckles, wild Clematis, and 
Fig. 57.—the PLE 
Veitchiana, Draba helvetica, Erinus alpinus, Gentiana verna. Cyclamen 
Coum vernum, Androsace Laggieri, Lychnis alpina, Primula formosa, 
Saxifraga oppositifolia, San^uinaria canadensis, and Alpine Auriculas. 
Sempervivums and Sedums fringe the supporting rock. 
Twisting walks between shrubs lead from this garden to the walks, 
beds, and slopes in the pleasure grounds, from which not even a gate 
bars the way to whoever may desire to enter them. During all hours 
of daylight on Sundays and week days the public have free access, and 
they can rest on the green banks or wander about at will enjoying a 
combination of arboreal, floral, rugged, and pastoral scenery such as 
it is rare to find associated, and almost blended, for one merges into 
the other in a manner that it would puzzle even Mr. Ingram to 
draw linos of demarcation. Excursionists come from the busy towns 
of the midlands and the north to the number occasionally of 4000 or 
6000 at a time. They are not watched by keepers nor directed to 
go this way nor that, but arc simply trusted, and the knowledge of 
this has the effect of transforming them for the time being into guardians, 
and it is rare indeed to find the sprig of a tree broken or a flower 
plucked from the thousands they could so easily stoop and gather. 
It is only under exceptional circumstances that notices request 
visitors to keep on the w'alks, such as immeiliately after a torrent of 
rain, when an army of sightseers rushing up and down the lawn, for 
there is not much of it level, would soon do serious damage, and it is 
the rule to allow the utmost possible latitude to all comers. As evidence 
of the respect accorded to the cxpre.ssed wishes of the nature mentioned 
Mr. Ingram recalls an amusing episode. Walking round with one of the 
ladies of the Castle, and mixing with the crowd unknown, they, as a 
lASURE GROUNDS. 
other appropriate rambling plants are arched over here and there in rustic 
fashion. Flights of a few steps in different places conduct from the 
higher to the lower levels, and each of these descents are flanking banks 
of Violets—an excellent idea, well carried out. The air is fragrant with 
them in the spring, while right and left and ahead, looking along and 
across the curve, masses of bright spring flowers are seen everywhere 
glistening betwmen the trees. 
Onlv near the Castle the lawn is kept smooth like velvet, the grass in 
the pleasure grounds being mown much less frequently, as extreme 
trimness there would be out of character, and too “ cockneyfied for 
the n.at’iral grandeur of the surroundings. Near the Castle are beds 
quite cushioned with spring flowmrs—Myosotis, Aubrietias, Anemones, 
Arabis. Saxifragas, and Mr. Ingram’s ennobled Oxlips, that stand out 
bright and clear from the surrounding cushions of contrasting colour. A 
little further w'e come to another group of beds, and a plateau of gravel 
surrounded by evergreens equally gay but not formally planted. Some 
rveeks ago they were bespangled with W inter Aconites, w'ith Hellebores 
pushing above them ; then in turn come other bulbs, such as Hyacinths, 
Tulips, and Narcissus, rising above and between dwarfer spring flowers 
such as those above mentioned, and others that are in beauty during the 
spring months. Beyond this we come to more freedom in arrangement 
and less trimness, the garden tradually merging into a beautified wood 
on the right ujiwards. and on the left downwards receding .and melting 
away to the flat, pastoral, tree-studded country that stretches away 
southwards, where the wild waves in remote ages washed up and left 
their dehris on the beach, where the rocks grew and sulisequently the 
trees and flowers. When it is stated that the tops of the forest trees in 
