May SI, 188 a ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
457 
one of the most fruitful; it never fails with us, though others do 
occasionally. You will do well to obtain fresh runners of such varie¬ 
ties as you desire to grow for a new plantation, and before plant¬ 
ing give the ground a good dressing of wood ashes, for your 
soil may be deficient in potash. Plant them on ground that has not 
been occupied with Strawberies at least for some years, say after early 
Potatoes have been cleared from the ground. Do not trench it, for the 
plants would do better on your soil without. If it has been liberally 
manured for the present crop, plant without the addition of fresh manure. 
If the ground is not fertile, spread a liberal dressing of manure on the 
surface, as if you were preparing for a crop of Potatoes, only forking 
the manure into the surface so that the roots of the Strawberry plants 
can quickly take possession of it. The autumn and winter rains will 
carry its virtues down as deeply as the roots descend. Good Strawberries 
are grown without mulching, and if manure on the surface is ob¬ 
jectionable you should work on the two-year principle. To do this you 
would have to make a plantation every year, and destroy a correspond¬ 
ing number of rows as soon as the fruit is gathered. For this purpose 
you can place the plants closer together, say 18 inches from row to row, 
and 1 foot or 14 inches from plant to plant. The plants would cover the 
ground the second year, and bear heavily. As you want fruit as soon as 
possible, however, you may place the plants in the row only 9 inches 
apart, and after the crop is gathered the first year cut out every alternate 
plant for the others to develope and afford the principal crop. Vicomtesse 
Hericart de Thury and Sir Joseph Paxton are good and free varieties, 
Eleanor succeeding. Some of the best Kentish Strawberry growers have 
fruitless plants this year, through the heat and drought of last 
season checking growth at the proper time, the result being late, 
small, and immature crowns, especially where mulching was not 
resorted to. 
Names of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry cotton 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once. 
(J. M.'). —All the specimens are inferior, not one having spores. No. 1 
is,perhaps, Phlebodium aureum, but no one could be positive from such 
an imperfect scrap. 2, Kesembles Cyrtomium falcatum, and 3, Pteris 
tremula. (il/. N. OJ). —1, Epimedium alpinum ; 2, Cerasus Padus ; 3, 
Exochorda grandiflora. (J. JJ .).—Polygala Chamaebuxus. (^Inquirer'). 
—1, Leptospermum bullatum ; 2, Brachysema lanceolata. (^Senex ).— 
Specimens sent packed loosely in brown paper never arrive in a satis¬ 
factory condition for naming, and this is the case with yours. Send 
them in a tin box or carefully packed, and we will name them with 
pleasure. (JA II.'). —1, Gentiana verna ; 2, Gentiana acaulis ; 3, Myosotis 
dissitiflora. (Al J/.).—1, Pyrus Malus floribunda; 2, It is not easy to 
recognise a plant from a damaged leaf and a single petal, and we can 
only guess that your Geranium is pyrenaicum. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— May 30th. 
MARKET quiet owing to the holidays, with prices lower. 
VEGETABLES. 
s. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
ArtichokeEf, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
to 2 
0 
Lettuce, dozen •• 
0 
9 
to 1 
3 
ABparagus, bundle .. .. 
1 
0 
4 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Beans, Kidney, per Ib. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punt. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Bzet, Red, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Onions, bunch.. .. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Broccoli, bundle •• •• 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Brussels Sprout?! J sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen 
• • 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Cabbage, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt... 
• • 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Capsicums, per 100 .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
„ Kidney, per cwt. 
4 
0 
0 
0 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy, bundle •* 
« « 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Celery, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle 
• • 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Coleworts, dcz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Seakale, basket .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Cucumbers, each .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
7 
Shallots, per lb. .. 
0 
8 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen .... .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach, bushel •• 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Kerbs, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Lseks, bunch. 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch ,. 
• • 
0 
4 
0 
0 
FRUIT. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
B« 
a. 
8. 
d. 
Apples, 4 sieve.. .. .. 
2 
6 to 4 
6 
Oranges, per 100 .. 
• • 
4 
0 to 9 
0 
Nova Beotia and 
Peaches, dozen • • • • 
12 
0 
20 
0 
Canada barrel 10 
0 
18 
0 
Pears, dozen .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cobs, 100 lbs. 
45 
0 
0 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each 
s 
0 
6 
0 
Grspes, per lb. 
2 
6 
5 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. 
• • 
2 
0 
4 
0 
L'‘.mous, case. 
10 
0 
16 
0 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
B. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
B. 
Aralia Sicb jldi, dozen .. 
6 
0tol2 
0 
Fuchsia, dozen pots .. 
6 
Oto 12 
Arbor vitfe(c:olden) dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Genista, per dozen •• 
6 
0 
12 
Arum Lilies,dozen.. .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Heliotrope, dozen pots .. 
6 
0 
9 
Bedding out .pi ints in 
Ivy Geranium. 
4 
0 
8 
variety. p>er dozen 
1 
0 
2 
6 
Hydrangea, dozen .. .. 
9 
0 
18 
Cineraria, dozen •• •• 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lilies Valley, dozen 
12 
0 
18 
Coleus, d( zen. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Lilium Harriseii,doz. po*s 30 
0 
42 
Cyclamen, dozen .. .. 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Lobelia, per dozen . • • • 
4 
0 
6 
Dentzia, per dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
9 
0 
12 
Dracena terminalis, doz. 
30 
0 
60 
0 
Mignonette, per dozen .« 
4 
0 
8 
„ viridis, dozen.. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Musk, dozen pots •• •• 
2 
0 
4 
Erica, various, dozen .. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Myrtles, dozer... 
6 
0 
12 
„ ventricosa .. «• 
18 
0 
24 
0 
Nastortiump, per dozen.. 
4 
0 
6 
Enonymns, invar.,dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Palms,in var.,each .« 
2 
6 
21 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Pelargoniums, dozen . • 
6 
0 
18 
Perns, in variety, dozen 
4 
0 
18 
0 
„ scarlet, doz. 
8 
0 
6 
Ficus elastica, each .. 
1 
8 
7 
0 
Spirea japonica, doz. «• 
6 
0 
12 
Foliage Plants, var.,each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Slocks, per dezen •• •• 
8 
0 
6 
Abntllons, 12 bunches .. 
Anemones 12 bunches .. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
Azalea, 12 sprays ,. .. 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 
Camellias, 12 blooms .. 
Osraations, 12 blooms .. 
Cowslips, 12 bunches .. 
Cyclamen, 12 blooms 
Daffodils, Double, 12 bchs 
„ Single, 12 bchs 
Daisies, 12 bunches 
Epiphyllum, 12 blooms .. 
Encbaris, dozen .. .. 
Gardenias, 12 blooms 
Lapageria, coloured, 12 
blooms. 
Lilium longiflorum, 12 
blooms. 
Lily o£ the Valley, 12 
sprays . 
Lily of the Valley, 12 
bunches. 
Marguentss, 12 bunches 2 0 6 
Mignonette, 12 banchen 
8. 
8 
d. 1. 
0 to 6 
d, 
0 
Narciss, various, 12 bobs 
2 
0 
4 
0i 
Panniee, 12 bchs .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
a 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 
0 
6 
1 
0 
!, scarlet, 12 trusses 
0 
4 
0 
e. 
Polyanthus, 12 bchs 
1 
0 
8 
a 
Banunculus, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Roses, Red, 12 blooms • • 
1 
6 
4 
0 
„ (iudoor), dozen 
0 
6 
1 
6 
,, Tea, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
red, dozen (French) 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ yellow . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Spirtea, bunch. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Stepbanotis, 12 sprays ,. 
1 
6 
8 
o 
Stocks, 12 bunches .. .. 
1 
6 
4 
0 
Tropseolnm, 12 bunches 
1 
U 
2 
0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Tulips, dozen blooms .. 
0 
2 
0 
4 
Violets, 12 bnnehes.. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ (French), bunch 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ (Parme), bunch 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Wallflowers, 12 bchs .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
White Lilac, per bunch .. 
0 
4 
0 
6 
„ » French 
8 
0 
6 
0 
CUT FLOWERS; 
s. d. s d. 
2 0 to 4 0 
16 4 0 
2 0 4 0 
0 6 10 
0 6 10 
10 SO 
10 3 0 
0 6 10 
0 4 0 6 
0 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 
2 0 4 0 
0 0 0 0 
2 0 4 0 
16 4 0 
10 16 
2 0 4 0 
0 6 1 
SO 6 
THE COMPARATIVE VALUE OF MANURES. 
For economy to have its right place among remedial measures 
for agricultural depression it must be sufficiently comprehensive to 
embrace every possible detail of farming. We must not only 
avoid waste in the ordinary sense of the term, but in all we do 
there must be strict economy of time, labour, money. To insure 
this there must be no speculative work in general farm practice * 
our end and aim must be clearly defined, and the means for the 
attainment of success be as simple, sure, and inexpensive as possible. 
It is true enough that exact precision is hardly possible in regard to 
the quantity of seed or fertilisers used in our work, but it may be 
approached sufficiently near to avoid waste, and so sensible have 
intelligent farmers become of this fact that increasing attention is 
given to the careful selection of manures. To them it is quite 
clear that the use of muck or farmyard manure for crops gene¬ 
rally will eventually come to an end, because it has been proved to 
demonstration that we can impart fertility to the soil at much less 
expense by the use of chemical manures. 
This fact has been brought before our readers so often that 
they certainly must by this time regard it as no new thing. But 
it is only by persistent effort that we can hope to drive the muck 
cart from the land, and to induce farmers to avoid the serious loss 
involved in the needless manufacture of farmyard manure. Change 
from an old-established custom is always slow, and in this parti¬ 
cular matter it is especially so, because of the lamentable ignorance 
of the real value of chemical manures. No doubt dealer’s mixtures 
are a hindrance here, owing to the poverty of results and the con¬ 
sequent losses which have gone on for so many years, and the only 
way to overcome this difficulty is to show what is being done by 
the use of pure manures specially adapted to the requirements of 
the crop for which they are used. 
In the new number of the Journal of the Royal Agricultural 
Society of England we have a valuable contribution to this work in 
the article on “ The Practical Value of Dung as Compared with 
Artificial Manures,” by Mr. R. Vallentine of Burcott, Leighton 
Buzzard. “ Dung,” says he, “ is merely what is added to the 
straw. If one waters 1 ton of straw, and does nothing else but let 
it lie about for a time, something like 4 tons of mere wet straws 
dung may be obtained. The manurial value of a ton of straw is 
estimated at about lOs., therefore 4 tons of merely wetted straw ik 
only worth 2s. 6d. a ton as dung. On the other hand, if a ton of 
straw be used as litter for twenty weeks for a fattening bullock, 
j receiving about 17 lbs. per day of cake—say of cotton and linseed 
