July 28, 1885. 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
75 
distributed as follows :—From Boston, 309,806 barrels; New York, 
256,332 barrels ; Portland, 91,483 barrels; Montreal, 85,479 barrels ; 
Halifax, 36,073 barrels ; Annapolis, 8,612 barrels. Of the total exports, 
512,213 barrels were shipped to Liverpool; 117,947 barrels to London ; 
141,035 barrels to Glasgow ; 2,244 barrels to Hull; and 14,346 barrels to 
various ports. Boston shipments were distributed as follows :—-To Liver¬ 
pool, 256 624 barrels ; Glasgow, 19,969 barrels ; London, 29,813 barrels; 
Hull, 1,944 barrels; West Hartlepool, 841 barrels; Christiana, 375 
barrels ; Bergen, 130 barrels; Gothenburg, 10 barrels; Antwerp, 100 
barrels. The largest weekly shipment was November 29th, 28,286 barrels 
from Boston and 21,498 barrels from New York. The season opened 
August 16, 1884, and comprised 39 weeks. Of the various steamship lines 
the Warren line made 27 sailings to Liverpool and carried 155,585 barrels ; 
Leyland line, 37 sailings to Liverpool, 56,151 barrels ; Cunard line, 23 
sailings to Liverpool, 55,317 barrels; Allan line, Glasgow, 19 sailings, 
16,518 barrels ; Furness line, London, 12 sailings, 14,957 barrels ; Anchor 
line, London, 9 sailings, 5,268 barrels ; Anchor line, Glasgow, 4 sailings, 
3,451 barrels; Wilson line, Hull, 5 sailings, 2,459 barrels ; Red Cross line, 
Antwerp, 1 vessel, 100 barrels. 
LILIUM CANDIDUM. 
During the past spring, and especially during Easter week, I noticed 
large quantities of the above old Lily in excellent condition in the prin¬ 
cipal florists’ shops about Brighton. The number of flowers on each spike 
ranged from four to thirteen, and very chaste and beautiful they looked. 
The flowers are used in wreaths and bouquets, and the larger spikes 
for arranging in tall vases, and I need scarcely say how telling they appeared 
when in such a position. On inquiry I was given to understand that 
the following is the course of treatment followed. During September 
the bulbs are placed singly into 5-inch pots, and are plunged in cocoa- 
nut fibre refuse in the open air until they are well rooted and commence 
growing, when they are removed to a cold frame for the winter and pro¬ 
tected from frost. Early in the new year the first hatch is introduced 
into an intermediate temperature, when they advance into bloom ; other 
batches are introduced from time to time to keep up a succession. As the 
buds open the anthers are removed, as the pollen would disfigure the 
flowers if moved about, and the removal adds to the appearance of the 
blooms. As the spikes are cut the old plants are attended to, when they 
bloom quite as freely the following season, but it is best to introduce a 
few fresh ones every season, as after the second season they should be 
planted out to recruit their energies.—A. Young. 
AMONG THE RANGES OF NEW ZEALAND. 
(Continued, from p>aqe 3S0, last vol .) 
As we came down the northern side of Mt. Torlesse we found a valley 
hemmed in with mountains, but as we had six miles of broken country 
to get over before dark we could not explore it thoroughly. We collected 
a new species of Celmisia, Senecio Lyalli, one of the best of New Zealand 
Flora, and other rare plants. In our descent we took a spur which ran to 
the west side of our camp, and collected an Alpine Polypodium with fronds 
quarter to one inch long, Raoulia grandiflora in full flower, also the Montia, 
an Alpine succulent growing on a shingle slip, with several varieties of 
Ranunculus. We came down the shingle slides at railway speed, and 
reached camp at nine o’clock, tired and hungry. Dinner had to be prepared, 
specimens arranged in drying paper, so that it was eleven o’clock before we 
could indulge in the sleep which “ very much delights ” the wearied Alpine 
climber. On Saturday morning the plants were packed and sent to Christ¬ 
church by the coach which came up from the West Coast at twelve 
o’clock. 
On our return to camp from the pass we climbed a spur some 500 feet, 
and to our great delight found Notothlaspi rosulatum growing in pure 
shingle. The leaves are 1 to 1J inch long, forming rosettes ; the flower 
spikes which rise 5 inches out of the centre are creamy white and have the 
perfume of Orange blossoms; we went down on our knees to inhale the 
sweet odour. The discovery of this rare plant stimulated our exertions, for 
it was one of those which we were anxious to obtain. We decided to collect 
a couple of specimens to dry and to leave the remainder till Monday morn¬ 
ing. We thoroughly searched the vicinity for more, but were unsuccessful, 
thus proving that the plant is very local, growing in places peculiar to 
itself. We reached camp about three o’clock, and started for Lake Lyndon 
to try and reach the head of it. We spei t much time on one spur which 
ran down to the Lake, but found nothing n;w. We collected some small 
plants of Aciphylla Lyalli and Carmicbmlia, and after following the road 
some three miles we turned back to camp, as the weather was threatening. 
Shortly afterwards fine rain set in, which wet us through, but having made 
a good fire we dried our clothes and cooked our dinner of porridge, bacon, 
and damper. We had filled every available space in the tent with fuel to 
keep it dry. Specimens were then arranged, our blanket bags were again 
brought into use; and after a yarn of adventure from the senior of the 
party we went to sleep, to be awakened next morning by the wekas prowliDg 
about the tent. 
At seven o’clock we started in a westerly direction, but we had to take 
bearings of the different points around, a thick fog rendering it necessary 
to proceed with caution. We passed some fine patches of Hypolepis mille- 
folia, the brightest and most graceful of Alpine Ferns. At 4000 feet we 
found a Lycopodium growing under a Dracophyllum scrub. Working up a 
valley fringed with queer shaped rocks we noticed a cluster which looked a 
likely place for plants. Having reached the top, after a somewhat hazardous 
climb among loose boulders to fall at a touch, we were rewarded by finding 
a Filmy Fern, Hymenophyllum villosum, growing in the fissures of the rock. 
The Mountain Totara was growing over it, screening it from the burning 
rays of the sun and the sharp cutting winds. We stripped off the Totara 
and obtained patches 1 foot square of this rare Fern, which, from its posi¬ 
tion, must be frozen hard in winter. The fronds are inch long, much 
crowded, and of a dark green colour. Having collected a good quantity of 
this hardy Filmy and a few Sheep-backs, we pushed on for the valley on the 
north-western side of the mountain. The fog had now cleared off, and we 
soon reached the top of a spur, which ran down to Porter River. We could 
see by the look of the country that four or five hours’ work was before us, 
among broken rocks, shingle slides, and small grassy slopes. Here was a 
deep gully once torn by glaciers and avalanches, with a mass of jagged- 
looking rocks scattered around, interspersed with dangerous slides of loose 
stones, boulders, &o. High above us we could see rocks covered with the 
Edelweiss in full flower, and it wa3 perilous work climbing up for them, as 
huge masses of rock were ready to fall at a touch. But in the fissures of the 
rocks was something of more botanical interest than the Edelweiss—the 
long-sought Notothlaspi notabilis, only one specimen having hitherto been 
found by Mr. Buchanan. The plant is much larger than N. rosulatum, the 
leaves are a brighter green, and the rosette measured 4 inches across. This 
variety did not show any indication of bloom. The roots had penetrated 
deeply into the rocks, and we had no little trouble in getting them out un¬ 
injured. We left several plants to propagate, as we were afraid it might be 
exterminated, being very local. On the other side of the gully we came 
across a line patch of Forstera sedifolia, a rare Cotula, Ozothamnus micro- 
phylla, and Veronica epacridea in full flower. 
After some further explorations we started for camp, as it was getting 
dusk, and we had some six miles of rough country to go over. It was a 
Barmecide feast with us that night, our provisions having run out, but we 
scraped up enough meal to make a billy full of porridge. We then arranged 
our specimens and packed the plants in readiness for an early start for 
Springfield next morning. It was, however, mid-day on Monday before we 
commenced the descent of Porter’s Pass, and being heavily loaded with our 
swags, we were doomed to see the train moving out of the station at Spring- 
field after a sixteen-mile tramp from the camp on Mt. Torlesse. We had 
therefore to stay in Springfield all night, and left for Christchurch by the 
early train, arriving home at 10 a.m. on Tuesday, after an adventurous and 
successful tour of seven days among the ranges.—W. N. Adams. 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Potatoes .—There is no sign of disease, and the tubers are very nume¬ 
rous and of excellent quality. Some varieties are useless for table, and 
only good for exhibition. As soon as the summer crops are ripe they may 
all be taken up and stored in a dark place, as the ground they have been 
occupying should be at once filled with winter greens, and where it is not 
convenient to dig them the stems should be put up on the tops of the 
ridges and the greens dibbled into the hollows between the rows. Where 
it is desired to sow any crop on the Potato ground, dig them up, level the 
soil, and then it is ready for sowing. 
Endive .—A good sowing of this must be made. The Broad-leaved 
Batavian is the best of all. Where ground is plentiful, sow the seed very 
thinly in rows 15 inches apart. When the plants can be conveniently 
handled thin them out to 8 inches apart, and plant those drawn up else¬ 
where. Those allowed to remain will become of use first, and the trans¬ 
planted ones will follow. Where space is limited no permanent sowing 
should be made, but a few short rows may be put in close together, and 
as soon as the plants are large enough to get hold off, draw the most 
forward out and make new plantations. South borders and sheltered 
positions are very suitable for late autumn and winter Endive. 
Autumn Lettuce .—Summer varieties may still be sown, as they will 
come in beautifully in October, but they will not last long then if the 
weather is unfavourable ; and to make sure of a simply a pinch of seed of 
such kinds as Brown Dutch, or Hick’s Hardy White should be put in. 
Treated as advised for Endive above they will succeed admirably. 
Globe ArticboJces .—These have been unusually fine this season, the 
heads very numerous, and very large and juicy. We have given up the 
Purple, as it was too small, and only grow the Green Globe. Where the 
plants have ceased to produce good heads and show signs of losing their 
foliage, cut off all the fruiting stems, clear away the dead leaves, mulch 
heavily between the rows with rich manure, drench them with water, 
and a capital crop of tender young heads will be thrown up in autumn. 
This is the best way to secure a crop until cut off by frost. 
Winter Turnips .—Sow these largely. Chirk Castle is a fine hardy old 
sort with a black skin and a white interior. Carter’s Golden Rose is the 
finest of all the yellow ones. They require moderately rich soil, plenty of 
room, and an open position. Eighteen inches from row to row is not too 
much. Sow the seed thinly, and thin the plants to 10 inches or 1 foot 
apart, as they will not bulb in autumn if crowded overhead with leaves. 
Late Peas .—These are very valuable, especially in October, and where 
the young crops show any indication of suffering from drought water 
them thoroughly, and mulch along the edges of the rows with old half- 
decayed material from the lawns if no better manure can be obtained. 
Where any of those coming into pod or bloom are dry at the root and the 
foliage is rather yellow in colour, treat them in the same way as the late 
ones. Liquid manure is best for them, and when we cannot get this from 
the cattle sheds or dung heap we dissolve a small handful of guano in each 
of our 4-gallon watering pots and drench them with this. Gather Pea seed 
which is ripe before the birds have the chance of opening the pods. Clear 
» WOHK. F0 ^ THE WEEK,. v 
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