224 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND C011AGE GARDENER. 
[ September 10, 1885. 
an error to place Alicante before Madresfield Court at a show held in 
August or September simply because the former has not had time to attain 
its best edible condition, is not, in the opinion of the writer at least, 
correct. Size of bunch and berry, colour and bloom, being superior, why 
should Alicante go down before Madresfield Court simply because the 
latter has attained its edible qualities sooner than the other ? There can 
be no doubt that as regards flavour Madresfield Court is superior to Ali¬ 
cante at all times, but that alone is not to be taken into account in a 
competition for “any ether black variety.” There can be no hard-and- 
fast rule laid down for Grape judging ; common sense, knowledge, 
experience, and strict impartiality must be brought to bear, also a glance 
at circumstances that cause late Grapes not having attained their best as 
regards table qualities to be staged along with others that are more fit for 
me,—S. 
A CLASSIFICATION OF GARDEN ROSES. 
I WAS recently reminded bow much a good general monograph of the 
genus Rosa is needed. Lindley’s “ Monograph ” was published in the 
year 1820, and since then a great number of new species have been 
discovered, and a very large number of books and papers have been 
written bearing upon the subject in one way or another. The difficulty 
which one finds at the outset in using Lindley’s book is that his primary 
groups are characterised so briefly, and that the points of contrast which 
they present are not fully and clearly brought out into view. The 
following key shows the best way of getting over these difficulties, which, 
after having had a large number of specimens through my hands during 
the last thirty years, I am able to suggest. The list of species is only 
intended to be exhaustive so far as garden Roses are concerned, with the 
addition of a few well-marked types not yet brought into cultivation. 
What I have aimed at is to give a separate number to well-marked types 
only, and to place under these the subspecies and varieties into which 
they deviate. Of course I am well aware that in Rosa, of all genera, 
even if independent observers work from the same standing point, it is 
not in the least likely that any two of them will draw the line between 
species and subspecies in the same way. What follows must therefore be 
taken as a rough draft of a very condensed guide to the determination 
and classification of the garden types. 
ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GKOT7P3. 
Leaf simple, exstipulate . 1 . Simplicifoli®. 
Leaf compound, stipulate. 
Styles forming a column, protruded beyond 1 „ c 
the disc. } oystyl,e. 
Styles not united nor protruded beyond the 
disc. 
: Stipules nearly free, deciduous. 3. Banksian®. 
! Stipules adnate above the middle, persistent. 
Diacanth®.— Main pricldes in pairs at the base of the leaves. 
Fruit persistently pilose. 4. Bracteat®. 
Fruit glabrous. 5. Cinnamome®. 
HeTeracanth.e.— Pricldes scattered, numerous, passing gradually into 
aciculi and setce. 
Leaves not rugose ; large prickles long and 
Rlender. 
Leaves rugose, coriaceous ; large prickles short 
and stout. 
6. PlMPINELLIFOLI®. 
7. Centifoli®. 
HomOeCAnth®.— Pricldes scattered, comparatively few, subequal. 
Prickles slender; leaf not glandular below. .. 8. Villos®. 
Prickles stout and hooked ; leaf not glandular) „ „ 
below. 8 } 9 - CawIn*. 
Leaves very glandular beneath. . 10. RubiginoS®. 
CLASSIFIED ENUMERATION OF THE GARDEN SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES 
Group I. Simplicifoli®. 
1. 72. simplicifolia, Salisb. (=R. berberifolia, Pallas=Lowea berberifolia 
L : ndl.=Hultheimia berberifolia, Dumont).—Siberia and Persia. 
72. Hardii, Paxt.—A hybrid between berberifolia and laxa. 
Group II. Systyl®. 
2. 72. repens, Scop. (R. arvensis, Huds.).—Europe. 
capreolata, Neill (the Ayrshire Rose). 
3. 72. sempervirens, Linn., South Europe andjlndia. 
prostrata, DC. 
scandens, Miller. 
Leschenaultiana, Thory and Redoutd. 
longicuspis, Bertol. 
4. 72. moschata, Miller.—Southern Europe and India. 
Dupontii, Desegl. (nivea, Dupont). 
Brunonii, Lindl. 
5. 72. multiflora, Thunb.—China and Japan. 
polyantha, Siebold (Luc ; :e, Franch. and Rocheb.) 
6. 72. abyssinica, R. Br. (Schimperiana, Hochst., andSteud.)—Abyssinia 
8. 72. phoenicea, Boies.—Orient. 
9. 72. setigera, Miclix. (rubifolia, R. Br.), the Prairie Rose — United 
States. 
10. 72. sty7osa, Desv. (collina, E. B.).—Europe. 
leucchroa, Desv. 
systyla, Bast. 
Connects Groups II. and IX. 
Group III. Banksian®. 
11. 72. Banlctiice, R. Br. (inermis, Roxb.).—China. 
lutea, Lindl., Bot. Beg., t. 1105. 
12. 72. m'crocarpa, Lindl. (amoyensis, Hance).—China. 
13. 72. Fortuneana, Lindl. in Paxt. Flotc. Gard., t. 171.—China. 
14. 72. sinica, Murr. (laevigata, Mich.; ternata, Poir.; triphylla, Roxb.; 
nivea, DC.; cherokensis, Donn.)—China. 
hystrix, Lindl., Mon., t. 17. 
Group IY. Bracteat®. 
15. 72. bracleata, Wendl. (the Macartney Rose).—China. 
16. 72. involucrata, Roxb. (Lyellii, Lindl.; palustris, Hamilt.).—India. 
Group V. CiNNAMOME®. 
In some of these there are only the pairs of prickles at the base of the 
leaves, but in several of the species there are few or many aciculi in addi¬ 
tion. These latter form a connecting link between Groups V. and YI. 
17. 72. cinnamonea, Linn.—Europe and North Asia. 
majalis, Retz. 
davurica, Pallas. 
18. 72. Carolina, Linn, (corymbosa, Ehrh.; pennsylvanica, Mich.; Hud- 
soniana, Red.)—North America. 
19. 72. lucida, Ehrh. (baltica, Roth. ; Rapa, Bose.).—North America. 
20. 72. humilis, Marsh fparviflora, Ehrh.).—North America. 
21. 72. nitida, Willd.—North America. 
22. 72. laxa, Retz. (clinophylla, Red).—Siberia. 
23. 72. Woodsii, Lindl. (Maximiliani, Nees).—North America, west side. 
californica, C. and S. 
pisocarpa, A. Gray. 
Fcndleri, Crhpin. 
24. 72. nullcana, Presl.—North-west America. 
25. 72. gymnocarpa, Nutt.—North America. 
26. 72. anserivvefolia, Boiss.—Orient. 
27. 72. Fedtschen/coana, Regel.—Central Asia. 
28. 72. rugosa, Thunb. (ferox, Lawr.; Regeliana, Andre).—Japan and 
Siberia. 
kamschatica, Yent. 
29. 72. sencea, Lindl.—India. 
30. 72. microphylla, Lindl.—China. Connects the Cinnamomete and 
Bracteatae. 
72. Iwara, Siebold.—Supposed to be a hybrid between rugosa and 
multiflora. 
Group YI.- PlMPINELLIFOLI®. 
31. 72. spinosissima, L. (pimpinellifolia, L.; scotica, Miller).—Europe and 
Siberia. 
altaica, Willd. (grandiflora, Lindl.). 
myriacantha, DC. 
32. 72. Webbiana, Wall.—Himalayas. 
33. B. platyacantha, Schrenk.—Central Asia. 
34. 72. rubella. Smith.—Europe. 
stricta, Donn. 
gentillis, Sternb. 
reversa, W. and K. 
These perhaps hybrids b- tween spinosissima and alpina. 
35. 72. hibernica, Sm.—Ireland and England. Perhaps a hybrid between 
spinosissima and canina. 
36. 72. involuta, Sm.—Europe, principally Britain. 
Sabini, Woods, 
gracilis, Woods. 
Wilsoni, Bnrrer. 
37. 72. macrophylla, Lindl.—India. 
38. 72. alpina, L. (inermis, Mill.).—Europe. 
pendulina, L. 
39. 72. blanda, Ait.—North America. 
fraxinifolia, Borkh. 
arkansana, Porter. 
40. 72. acictilaris, Lindl.—North Temperate Zone. 
carelica, Fries. 
Sayi, Schwein. 
41,72. hemisphcerica, Herm. (glaucophylla, Ehrh; sulphurea, Alt.; 
Rapini, Boiss.).—Orient. 
42. 72. hispida, Sims (lutescens, Pursh.).—Garden origin. 
Group VII. Centifoli®. 
43. 72. gallica, L. (austriaca, Crantz.).—Europe and Western Asia. 
pumila, L. fil. 
incarnata, Miller, 
provincialis, Miller. 
44. 72. centifolia, Miller.—Orient. 
muscosa, Miller, 
pomponia, DC. 
parvifolia, Ehrb. ! (burgundica, Rossig.; remensis, Dcsf.) 
45. 72. damascena, Miller (bifera, Pers.).—Orient. 
belgica, Miller, 
portlandica, Hort. 
calendarum, Mcench. 
variegata, Andrews. 
46. 72. turbinata, Ait. (francofurtensis, Deaf.; campannlata, Ehrh.).— 
Garden origin, perhaps hybrid between gallica and canina. 
72. hybrida, Schleich, and 72. arvina, Krock, probably hybrids between 
gallica and arvensis. 
Group VIII. Villos®. 
47. 72. villosa, Linn, (mollis, Smith; mollissima, Fries).—North Europe. 
Numerous varieties. 
pomifera, Herm. 
48. 72. orientals, Dupont.—Orient. 
49. 72. tomentosa. Smith.—Europe. Numerous varieties. 
feetida, Bast, 
scabriuscula, Smith. 
50. 72. spinulifolia, Dematra.—Switzerland. 
51. 72. Ilackeliana, Tratt.—South Europe. 
Group IX. Can in®. 
52. 72. canina, Linn.—Europe, Orient. Varieties innumerable; 150 are 
