384 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ October 29, 1885. 
shoot doss not run up without making abundance of lateral shoots. The 
laterals when 1 foot to 18 inches long commence to flower freely. The 
flowers are borne singly in the axils of the leaves, the petals of which 
are of a beautiful reddish crimson, slightly pointed at their outer 
extremities, with a corona of rich red, white, and blue filaments, and 
deliciously sweet-scented. Leaves large, ovate-acuminate, and of a rich 
dark green colour. This variety should have precedence of all others 
where space can be afforded for planting it out. 
P. Decaisneana is a hybrid between P. quadrangularis and P. alata, 
with flowers very similar in colour to the latter variety, but has a more 
slender and straggling habit of growth. It is a variety well worth 
growing where plenty of space can be given it to grow, but is inferior to 
P. Buonapartea in many respects. The well-known species quadran¬ 
gularis has already been mentioned, and it will suffice to say that it is a 
magnificent climber, with flowers of the same character as its two hybrids 
just described. The fruit is very handsome when any can be induced to 
set and come to perfection on the plants ; but, as has already been stated, 
resort must be had to artificial means to do so. 
Of the remaining popular and well-known species, P. princeps or 
racemosa and P. edulis, much has been written concerning them from time 
to time. We may mention for the benefit of those unacquainted with 
them that P. princeps is a beautiful species, with simple smooth lanceolate 
leaves, a slender habit of growth, and brilliant scarlet flowers borne in 
racemes, which hang suspended from the main and lateral stems. P. ednlis 
is a very free-growing and flowering species, with slender habit of growth 
and dark green, three-lobed, smooth leaves. The flowers, which are 
borne in profusion, are white and blue, and these are succeeded by dark 
purple egg-shaped fruits, which, when eaten, are of a delicious flavour. 
This variety will succeed in a cool greenhouse. 
All of the foregoing are readily propagated by means of the young 
growths taken with a heel of the old wood in spring, and inserted in 
sandy soil under a bellglass or in a propagating frame. It is necessary to 
occasionally prune the stronger-growing kinds to keep them within 
bounds. This is best performed early in the year before growth com¬ 
mences. Passifloras are very much subjected to mealy bug and thrips, 
but these can be kept in check by use of the ordinary remedies.—T. W. S. 
THE NATIONAL PEAR CONFERENCE AT CHISWICK. 
The Exhibition of Pears at Chiswick must be regarded as equally 
successful in its way as the Apple Congress of two years ago, for though the 
total number is smaller than was provided at the last-mentioned gathering, 
the most sanguine of the Pear Conference promoters oould not have expected 
that between 6000 and 7000 dishes, representing so nettling like 40,000 fruits, 
would be obtained. Yet such is the case, and these exhibits fill the large 
vinery and two marquees of considerable size, making a display of Pears 
such as never has been seen before and probably never will be again. It is 
also thoroughly representative, for there are contributions from all the 
principal English counties, together with some from Ireland, Scotland, the 
Channel Islands, and Prance, and we see all gradations from perfect speci¬ 
mens to the undersized examples produced by trees in unfavourable northern 
districts. Taking the grand fruits from Barham Court, Maidstone, a 3 the 
best of the English produce, a gradual decrease in size can be traced in the 
fruits as we go north, until the same varieties from far up in Scotland can be 
scarcely recognised, except where they have been grown in orchard houses, 
and then they attain as good proportions and appearance as if they had been 
grown out of doors several hundreds of miles farther south. 
The suitability of different stocks to dissimilar soils or districts is readily 
seen, for a variety may be noted in one collection particularly fine from the 
<_! uince stock, and in another it will be seen equally good from the Pear 
stock. The greatest difference in size of fruits, though, appears to be 
affected by the form of tree or training adopted. Thus the samples from 
cordons are throughout extremely good, and even in the south of England 
are generally much superior to all others, though fan-shaped trees and 
pilmette venders yield numbers of handsome specimens, as also do espaliers, 
l-rom bush trees some good fruits are shown, and after these come the 
standards and pyramids as regards the size of fruits, though the bulk of the 
exhibits are probably from the latter, especially in the southern contribu¬ 
tions. Upon all these matters much information of great interest will 
undoubtedly be afforded when Mr. A. P. Barron has been able to tabulate 
and arrange the innumerable facts that the exhibitors have furnished in 
connection with tbe'r collections. 
The following report is a record of the principal exhibitors in the variou 
counties, and the varieties named are those which for size and genera 
appearance were the most notable in the several collections, and therefore t 
some extent indicate which are best suited for the districts where they wer 
grown. In the northern counties few varieties are named, for in th 
majority of cases they are not of full size, especially from trees out o 
doors. 
Middlesex.— -As remarked last week, this county heads the list ii 
number of exhibits, surpassing Kent, which was foremost at the Appl 
Congress. This is chiefly due to several large trade collections and to th 
wonderful collection of the Society’s Chiswick garden, which is the larges 
Irom one establishment in the whole Exhibition. It comprises 212 varieties 
the majority of which are fairly represented, but there are necessarily som 
small ones amongst so large a number, many of the varieties being of littl 
value. All the best in cultivation are, however, well shown, and the col 
lection altogether is most creditable to the garden. Very interesting, also 
i .^ l ? m Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, which comprise 
120 dishes. T his is a handsome exhibit, the fruits above medium size fron 
pyramid, espalier-trained, and cordon trees, but chiefly from the first 
named, and on the Quince stock, though there are also some fine specimen 
■j,°, m stocks. The best fruits are of the following varieties :—Duchess 
^,“: u K ou km.e, Louise Bonne of Jersey, Beurre Capiaumont, Marie Louisi 
d Uccle, Gansel s Bergamot, Glou Morgeau, White Doyennh, Beurre Hardv 
beckle, Kmgsessing, Beurre Bachelier, Doyenne Gris, Beurre Diel, Pit mas 
ton Duchess, Vicar of Winkfield, Bellissime d’Hiver, Princess of Wales, 
Trioinphe de Jodoigne, Uvedale’s St. Germains, Calebasse Grosse, Chan¬ 
cellor, Brown Beurrb, Beurre Baltet pere, Beurrb d’Amanlis, British Queen, 
Easter Beurrh, Marie Louise, Catillac, Brockworth Park,Durondeau, Huyshe’s 
Victoria, Van Mons Lbon Leclerc, Marechal de Conr, Beurrb Clairgeau, and 
General Todtleben. There are also some fine fruits of Bismarck and the 
Sandringham Apples. Messrs. C. Lee & Son, Hammersmith, exhibit 
eighty-six dishes of good fruits, representing most of the varieties named 
in the preceding collection. 
The contributions from private gardens are numerous, Mr. J. Roberts, 
Gunnersbury Park, Acton, having an excellent collection, the fruits chiefly 
from upright cordons on the Pear stock. Especially fine were Marie Louise 
d’Uccle, Beurre Clairgeau, Pitmaston Duchess, British Queen, Beurrh 
Superfin, Beurre Bose, Doyenne Boussoch, and Baronne de Mello. The 
others are from pyramids chiefly, also on the Pear stock ; Catillac, Marie 
Louise, Chaumontel, Duchesse d’Angouleme, Beurre Diel, and Easter 
Beurre being most notable. Mr. Hudson, gardener to H. J. Atkinson, Esq., 
M.P., Gunnersbury House, Acton, has thirty-four varieties from orchard 
and pyramid trees of good medium size. Sir. G. Thompson, gardener to 
W. E. Wells, Esq., Croxby House, Hounslow, has twenty-four dishes of 
good even samples, the best in appearance being Winter Windsor from 
standard on the Pear stock, which is of fine colour and good shape. It is 
an interesting Pear, being one of those mentioned by Parkinson ; but though 
handsome it is of little value, as it soon decays at the core. Mr. E. Chad¬ 
wick, gardener to E. M. Nelson, Esq., Hanger Hill House, Ealing, shows a 
collection of forty dishes, the fruits mostly of fair size. 
Mr. J. Woodbridge, gardener to the Duke of Northumberland, Syon 
House, Brentford, contributes thirty varieties, comprising large fruits of 
Duchesse d’Angouleme, Uvedale’s St. Germains, Beurre Diel, and Pitmaston 
Duchess. Mr. A. Wright, gardener to E. H. Watts, Esq., Devonhurst, 
Chiswick, shows twenty-four dishe3, in which some fine fruits of Easter 
Beurre from a tree on the Pear stock trained to west wall are very notable. 
Mr. R. Dean, Bedfont, has a small collection of fourteen varieties, Beurre 
Diel, Catillac, Nouveau Poiteau, Swan’s Egg, and Marie Louise being well 
represented. Mrs. Sanderson, Duke’s Avenue, Chiswick, has fourteen 
dish rj s ; Mr. Draper, Kinneswood Cottige, Acton Green, shows six dishes ; 
and Mr. J. W. Odell, gardener to W. Barber, Esq., Q.C., Barrow Point, 
Pinner, contributes thirty dishes. 
Kent. —From this county we have the finest examples of English Pears, 
which in size are second only to those from Jersey. Even from this favoured 
district much difference is observable in the size and condition of the fruits, 
proving how much depends upon culture. Promin nt amongst the best, as 
might be expected, are the magnificent fruits from Mr. C. Haycock, gardener 
to R. Leigh, Esq., Barham Court, Maidstone, which, with the Jersey samples, 
are the great attractions of the Exhibition. In size, colour, and general 
appearance these are all that could be wished, and show the characters of 
the finest Pears to the best advantage. They are from cordons, palmette 
verriers, and pyramids, the fruit from the first-named being extremely 
handsome. All the under-mentioned varieties will be found there in first- 
rate condition—Grosse Calebasse, Easter Beurre, Doyenne du Comice, 
Triomphe de Jodoigne, Marie Benoist, General Todtleben, Beurrh Clairgeau, 
Pitmaston Duchess, Emile d’Heyst, Beurre Diel, Bellissime d’Hiver, Nouveau 
Poiteau, Glou Morgeau, Reine des Tardives, Louise Bonne of Jersey, Beurrfi 
Bachelier, Beurrh Hardy, Beurrb Superfin, Catillac, Beurrh d’Amanlis, Passe 
Crassanne, Emile d’Heyst, Marie Louise d’Uccle, Fondante de Noel, 
Huyshe’s Prince Consort, Vineuse, Bonne d’Ezee, Thomson’s, Marie Benoist, 
Doyenne d’Alengon, Duchesse d’Orleans, Durondeau, Beurre Hardy, Doyennh 
Boussoch, Jersey Gratioli, and Beurrh de Capiaumont. With these is also 
included a dish of a Japanese Pear named The Daimio, which is recom¬ 
mended as very ornamental, bearing large numbers of globular bright yellow 
fruits that cannot, however, be rendered eatable by any form of cooking. 
An interesting and beautiful collection of 100 varieties is staged by 
Messrs. George Bunyard & Co., Maidstone. Particularly fine are the 
following—Calebasse Grosse, on the Pear; Beurre de Capiaumont of very 
fine colour, on the Pear; Kin i Edward, large; Gansel’s Bergamot, hand¬ 
some fruits, on the Pear; Catillac, on the Quince ; Beurre Ranee, on the 
Pear; Beurre Hardy, on the Quince; Doyennh d’Alengon, on the Pear: 
Belle de Noel, on the Pear ; Uvedale’s St. Germains, on the Quiuce ; Duron¬ 
deau, on the Quince; Glou Morgeau, on the Pear aud Quince, e ;ually fine; 
Beurrb Clairgeau, also on the Pear and the Quince ; Pitmaston Duchess, on 
the Quince; Beurrb Diel, on Quince. Other notable varieties wen—Beurre 
Bachelier, Doyenne Boussoch, Daimio, Bunyard’s Baking, Flemish Beauty, 
Beurrh Ranee, Brown Beurre, Gansel’s Bergamot, Huyshe's B ugamot, 
Beurre Superfin, and Fertility. Mr. C. Davies, The Moat Park Gardens, 
Maidstone, has fifty dishes of fine fruits, the best being Beurre Diel. on the 
Pear stock, perpendicular cordon ; Beurre Bachelier, on the Quince, similar 
tree; Pitmaston Duchess, on the Pear, oblique cordon; Marie Louise 
d’Uccle, on the Pear, oblique cordon; Duchesse d’Angouleme, on the 
Quince, pyramid ; Durondeau, on the Pear, perpendicular cordon, very 
handsome ; General Todtleben, on the Pear, perpendicular cordon ; and 
Marie Louise, on the Pear, similar tree. Mr. W. Divers, The Gardens, 
Wierton House, Maidstone, has twenty-four varieties, the fruits of medium 
size. Mr. Thomas Bunyard, Ashford, has fifty-two varieties, including good 
examples of Grosse Calebasse, Beurre Clairgeau, Pitmaston Duchess, Marie 
Louise d’Uccle, and Durondeau. The others are mostly medium size, the 
curious little Poplin Pear being pretty. 
Mr. Butler, gardener to H. J. Thomas, Esq., Sittingbourne, Kent, shows 
ten dishes of Pears, all handsome, well coloured, especially those from the 
Quince stock. Of these Pitmaston Duchess grown as a pyramid are 
extremely fine, Louise Bonnb of Jersey is of fine colour, Beurre Clairgeau 
large, Beurre Diel, Marbchal de Cour, Doyennd Boussoch, Marie Louise 
d’Uccle, Durondeau, and Emile d’Heyst. Some of the best of those from 
Pear stocks are Beurre Bose, Jersey Gratioli, King Edward, LeonleClerc de 
Laval, General Todtleben, Duchesse d’Hiver, and Dr. Trousseau. Mr. R. 
Smith, The Gardens, Kenwards, Yalding, Maidstone, exhibits eighteen 
dishes, comprising good specimens of Gansel’s Bergamot, Chaumontel, 
Marie Louise, Pitmaston Duchess, Beurre Ranee, Glou Morgeau, Catillac, 
Fondante d’Automne, and Beurrb Bachelier. 
Mr. T. W. Sanders, The Firs, Lee, Kent, has a small but interesting col¬ 
lection of twenty-four varieties, including several French varieties. The 
