April 8, 1886. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
271 
setaceum ; Angraecam citratum, sesquipedale ; Arundina bambusse- 
folia (peat and loam) ; Cypripedium caudatum, concolor (peat, sand, 
and lime), Lawrencianum, niveum, Spicerianum, Stonei, superbiens ; 
Cvrtopodium punctatum (loam and manure) ; Dendrobium aggregatum 
(pot or block), Ainsworthi, Dearei, formosum, luteolum, macrophyllum, 
thyrsifolium, Wardianum (basket) ; Dendrochilum filiforme, gluma-. 
ceum ; Epidendrum ticornutum (peat); Galeandra Devoniana (peat) ; 
Huntleya violacea (peat) ; Ionopsis paniculata (block) ; Limatodes 
rosea (peat, loam, and sand) ; Mormodes pardinum (peat) ; Oncidium 
zebrinum ; Phalsenopsis (pot, basket, or block) amabilis, grandiflora, 
Luddemanniana, Schilleriana ; Saccolabium (basket), ampullaceum, 
Blumei majus, curvifolium, giganteum ; Scuticaria Steeli (block) ; 
Thunia alba, Bensonise, Marshalliana ; Vanda teres, tricolor, Parishi ; 
Vanilla aromatica. 
Intermediate House. —Acineta Humboldti (basket) ; Aerides 
Fielding!, japonicum, maculosum ; Angrsecum falcatum ; Bate- 
mannia Melcagris ; Brassavola Digbyana (block) ; Brassia Lanceana, 
verrucosa major ; Broughtonia sanguinea (block) ; Burlingtoma 
(basket, sphagnum) Candida, fragrans ; Calanthe (loam, leaf soil, 
and manure) Masuca, Veitchi, vestita ; Cattleya AckUndise (block), 
amethystoglossa, crispa, Dowiana (basket), Eldorado, gigas, guttata 
Leopoldi, intermedia, labiate, Mendeli, Mossise, Skinneri, Trianae, 
Walkeriana (C bulbosa, block), Warscewiczii; Chysis bractescens ; 
Coelogyne ocellata ; Oolax jugosus; Comparettia falcata (block, 
sphagnum) ; Cypripedium barbatum, Harrisonianum, Roezli; Den¬ 
drobium chrysanthum (basket), chrysotoxum (peat), crassinode 
(basket, sphagnum), densiflorum (peat), Devonianum (basket, sphag¬ 
num), Falconeri (basket), heterocarpum (aureum), nobile, Pierardi 
(basket), primulinum (basket, sphagnum) ; Epidendrum nemorale ; 
Goodyera pubescens (sphagnum) ; Laelia cinnabarina, elegans, harpo- 
phylla, majalis, Perrini, purpurata ; Leptotes bicolor (peat) ; Lycaste 
(peat), aromatica, Harrisonias, Skinneri ; Miltonia (peat), cuneata, 
spectabilis ; Odontoglossum Phalasnopsis, Roezli, vexillarium ; 
Oncidium ampliatum majus, flexuosum (sphagnum), Forbesi (block), 
Papilio (block), sphacelatum ; Peristeria elata (loam and leaf soil) ; 
Phajus grandifolius (loam, leaf soil, and manure) ; Sobralia 
macrantha (peat) ; Uropedium Lindeni (loam, sand, and peat); 
Vanda coerulea ; Zygopetalum (peat), crinitum, Mackayi. 
Cool House. —Ada aurantiaca ; Anguloa (peat), Clowesi, uuiflora ; 
Arpophyllum giganteum (peat) ; Barkeria elegans (block) ; Bletia 
hyacinthina (loam and leaf soil) ; Cattleya citrina (block) ; Chysis 
aurea ; Coelogyne cristata ; Cymbidium (peat and loam) eburneum, 
giganteum ; Cypripedium insigne Maulei, Sedeni, venustum, villosum ; 
Dendrobium Jamesianum, Disa grandiflora (peat, sand, sphagnum, 
and manure) ; Epidendrum vitellinum ; Ltelia acuminata, albida 
(block), anceps, autumnalis, Dayana ; Masdevallia Davisi, Harryana, 
ignea, Lindeni, polysticta, Shuttleworthi, Tovarensis, Veitchiana; 
Maxillaria grandiflora, venusta ; Mesospinidium sanguineum ; 
Nanodes ^Medusae (basket) ; Odontoglossum Alexandra (crispum), 
Cervantesi, cirrhosum, eitrosmum, cordatum, gloriosum, grande, 
Halli, Insleayi, maeulatum, odoratum, Oerstedi (pot or block), 
Pescatorei, pulchellum, Rossi (basket or block), triumphans ; Onci¬ 
dium cheirophorum, concolor, cucullatum, Marshallianum, ornitho- 
lhynchum, tigrinum ; Pescatorea cerina ; Pilumna fragrans, Pleione 
(loam, peat, sphagnum, and sand), humilis, lagenaria, maculata, 
Wallichiana ; Promenasa citrina (peat) ; Sophronitis grandiflora 
(pot or basket) ; Stanhopea (basket, sphagnum), aurea, grandiflora, 
tigrina ; Trichopilia (peat), coccinea, suavis ; Trichosma suavis 
(peat).— An Amateur. 
THE WAKEFIELD PAXTON SOCIETY. 
The ninth annual dinner in c nnection with this useful and flourishing 
bociety was held in the Society’s meeting-room on Tuesday evening, the 
23rd ult., and, as on previous occasions, the proceedings were of an 
exceedingly pleasant and satisfactory character. The esteemed President 
of the Society (Mr. T. Senior, solicitor) was in the chair, and he was 
supported by Alderman Reynolds (the Mayor) and other gentlemen. 
Mr. Herbert Chapman, the senior Hon. Sec., was prevented from attend- 
ingowing to the death of his father. The company, which numbered seventy 
gentlemen, included the following deputation from kindred societies in 
neighbouring towns Mr. Simmonds and Mr. E. Austin, Sheffield and 
Hallamshire Gardeners Society ; Mr. W. K. Woodcock and Mr. Eadon, 
Sheffield Floral and Horticultural Society ; Mr. T. Gartery and Mr. 
Winter, Rotherham Gardeners’ Society; Mr. King and Mr. Levitt, 
Barnsley Paxton Society; Mr. W. Grix and Mr. G. Hemming, Leeds 
Gardeners’ Benefit Society ; and Mr. E. Elliott, Huddersfield Paxton 
Society. The room was tastefully decorated with evergreens, plants, and 
flowers. 
The President explained the objects of the Society in an admirable 
speech, saying that the members, who are chiefly professional and 
amateur gardeners, meet to study and discuss everything in connection 
with botany and horticulture. The members met to impart knowledge 
• °i! ie i. an0t ? ler ’ *° S ive an< l receive information on all matters connected 
with the science of horticulture. They had a very valuable adjunct in 
the form of an excellent library of some 300 volumes, and they had been 
instrumental during the past year in forming the Yorkshire Association 
of Horticultural Societies, which was likely to effect a great deal of good. 
The members of the Paxton Society had met some forty-four times during 
ttie year to listen to essays, and he thought they had derived great pleasure 
from them. A window garden exhibition was held every year in connec¬ 
tion with the Society, and he trusted that in future it would be better 
supported. He concluded by expressing a hope that the Society would 
continue to flourish, and that all who were then present might live to 
meet in that room on many similar occasions. 
A special meeting of the members was held ou Friday evening last. 
The Committee, by securing the services of an eminent botani-t, had 
provided a rare treat for its members, and one which was much appre¬ 
ciated by a good audience. Leo H. Grindon, Esq., of Manchester, was 
the lecturer, and his subject “ The Trees of Old England,” proved very 
instructive and interesting. In the course of his lecture Mr. Grindon gave 
many clear illustrations of the various habits and peculiarities of one tree 
from another, and pointed out the best methods of distinguishing the 
several varieties by these peculiarities. The lecture was made popular by 
exclusion of technicalities and by the introduction of many racy remarks 
and appropriate selections of poetry, which frequently called forth hearty 
applause from the audience. A number of very fine etchings and 
engravings of the principal specimens of the various trees, and also dried 
specimens of foliage and bloom, were much admired and proved highly 
instructive. The best and most suitable trees for planting in towns was 
the p incipal topic for the ensuing discussion, and those m <st favoured for 
this purpose being the Plane, Lime, Elm, Hawthorn, and Alder. 
The question of the Ash and Oak breaking into foliage irregularly, and 
thus indicating various changes in the weather, was very clearly answered 
by the lecturer stating that he knew of two Ashes and one Oak growing 
together, and that one of the Ashes was always in leaf before the Oak 
and the other one after it ; and advising anyone who believed in the 
theory to mark twenty or thirty of each kind of tree and notice them for, 
say, three seasons ; it would then be observed that most of the trees 
would adhere to the same order each year, and thus prove that the theory 
which many people believe as being “ weather signs,” were due to want 
of fair observation. 
A hearty vote of thanks was accorded to Mr. Grindon on the motion 
of Mr. W. L. Skinner and seconded by Mr. T. Garnett. 
VEGETATION IN BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 
The season will be late in this vicinity. Vegetation has just com¬ 
menced ; but not a vestige of green can be seen for miles, neither 
Turnips or any of the Brassicas. A few Broccoli have escaped, but they 
are very small owing to the dry summer last year. Until within the past 
ten days in many places the country looks as if it had suffered from long 
drought, even the Blackberry bushes look as if scorched. On the 31st of 
March we had a very severe storm of hail accompanied by lightning and 
heavy peals of thunder. In sheltered gardens Crocuses, Aconites, and 
Daffodils are commencing to look gay. Polyanthuses and Hepaticas also 
are fl iwering freely, while the hedgerows are beginning to be perfumed 
with Violets and Primroses, but in many the latter have not begun to 
flower yet, an almost unprecedented occurrence at the lac of April. Ribes 
sanguineum is just showing colour ; Gooseberry buds are beginning to 
expand, and Currants are budding fast. Beyond these the trees and 
hedges seem dormant. Few birds have yet begun building, although the 
rooks made a start a fortnight ago, but operations seem at a standstill 
with them on account of wind and cold.—J. F. 
WREATH MAKING. 
These are many different ways of setting about this, but the simplest 
and most efficient method is to get a strong piece of wire, turn it to the 
size wanted, allowing for an overlap of at least 11 inch at each end. 
Tie these overlapping pieces with ordinary bouquet wire, and a firm neat 
joint will be made. If the wire is too light to insure the stiffness 
necessary, make a double or treble coil, and fasten in three or four places 
in order to keep the wire together. The next step is to procure some 
coarse green moss, and the coarser is the better. Work the moss evenly 
round the wire, fixing it on with a strand of bouquet wire. When the 
moss has been firmly and neatly fixed press it gently so that the under and 
upper portion may be slightly flattened, and from 2 to inches across. 
We come now to the best method of preparing the flowers ; and it 
may be noted here that very indifferent flowers may be used, provided 
these are employed as a groundwork, and a few very choice blooms are 
worked in to stand out from these others ; but in any case, whether poor 
flowers are used or the most choice alone, they all require to be prepared 
in the same manner—viz,, by wiring. It may appear to those who have 
not much of this class of work to undertake that to wire flowers is a great 
waste of time, hut it is not so. It saves time, whilst it also oaves flowers, 
and it is the only method of procedure that gives the worker complete 
command of his material. The best kind of wire to use for stalks is the 
smallest size sold by all dealers in these articles in pound bundles cut to 
one length. For tying, the bright tying wire, sold on quarter-p jund reels, 
is best. This is cut with a pair of scissors into 6-inch length, winch is gene¬ 
rally quite long enough for most flowers. No general rule can be laid down 
as to how flowers are to be wired, so much depends on the flowers them¬ 
selves apd the manner in which it is intended to use them. Eucharis, 
Roses, Tulips, Carnations, Lily of the Valley, greenhouse Rhododendrons, 
and Camellias are wired singly ; Violets and Snowdrops in bunches, while 
