386 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER 
[ May 13, 1886. 
year 1883 I obtained some ripe Juniper berries from my friend the Rev 
Dr. Keith of Forres. In 1884, out of a great number of berries, I obtained 
some half-dozen seedlings. I also provided myself with two young Junipers, 
about 12 inches high, from Mr. Bird's nursery at Downham in 1888. 
“ Exp. 420. —On the 24th June, 1884, one seedling Juniper in a flower that 
was infected with Rmstelia lacerata. On 1st July it was noted that some 
of the leaves of the Juniper were paler in colour than the rest. On 11th 
August this was still more marked. 17th May, 1885, the base of the stem 
of the seedling was slightly enlarged, but there was no appearance of 
teleutospores. During the summer of 1885 the plant died. It appeared as 
if the swelling at the base of the stem had strangled the plant. 
“ Exp. 421. —The two Junipers obtained from Mr. Bird were planted side 
by side in 1883. One of them was infected with the Rfestelia spores, but 
without result. The reason for that was that the plant had not got over 
the shock of its removal, and had not, at the time the infection was made 
thrown out any young leaves, so that the spores fell only upon old leaves 
On June 25th, 1884,when it had thrown out new leaves, it was again infect ed 
The other Juniper was covered with a bellglass in order that it might not 
become accidentally infected. 
“ July 8th. —Many of the new leaves have a paler hue. This paling of 
leaves is the rule when the germ tube of a Uredium has succeeded in entering 
a host plant. The first change noticeable is a sickly or paler spot, but 
subsequently changes colour according to circumstances. 
“ Aug. 11th. —The infected Juniper contrasts in appearance very strongly 
in foliage with the healthy one. 
“ Nov. 11th. —Many of the leaves which turned paler have now fallen off 
from the infected plant, so that it has an unhealthy appearance, a lanky 
habit of growth. 
“ May 17th, 1885. —The infected plant is deficient in last year’s leaves in 
many places, but has thrown out new shoots and foliage. I can see no 
enlargements on the stems, but the appearance of the bush contrasts very 
strongly with that of the uninfected one growing beside it. There are no 
teleutospores. 
“ Oct. 28th, 1885. —No teleutospores have been produced this year, but I 
feel sure the infection has been successful, and that no mycelium of the 
Podisoma is present in those parts of the stems which are leafless, because 
they are slightly swollen. 
“ Dec. 3rd, 1885. — Swellings more marked. 
“ Ap. 1st, 1886. —The Podisoma has at length appeared upon the swollen 
parts of the leafless stems. 
“ Ap. 11th, 1886. —A specimen gathered and sent to the Scientific Com¬ 
mittee, showing the mature teleutospores. 
“ The other Juniper is perfectly free from Podisoma, and healthy in every 
respect.— Walter B. Plowright.” 
Polyanthus, var. —Mr. Henslow exhibited a pale-flowered variety, and a 
truss from a similar plant what had been treated with lime, the effect being 
to convert it to a crimson. 
Plants Exhibited. —Mr. J. T. Lynch exhibited the following plants from 
the Botanic Gardens, Cambridge—Crybe rosea, Iris Eulefieldi, from Turk¬ 
estan ; I. Turtullre, Heterotropa asaroides, with a remarkable Box-like flower 
and Cyclamen-like leaves from Japan ; Mackaya bella, Kasmpferia o valifolia, 
Tulbachia Liidwigiana, named after Liidwig, a snuff merchant of the Cape, 
who originated the Botanic Garden there, and was the first botanist to 
import large Cycads to England. Mr. Lynch also brought several varieties 
of Tulips. 
ORCHID SHOW AT BIRMINGHAM. 
May 12th and 13th. 
The Birmingham Botanical and Horticultural Society determined some 
time ago to hold a representative exhibition of Orchids in their gardens at 
Edgbaston this year, and to induce professional and amateur growers to 
bring their treasures together in friendly competition they provided a liberal 
schedule of prizes. A most favourable time was also selected for the Show 
—namely, the 12th and 13th of May, a period when Orchid flowers are 
abundant in collections, and when also the plants can be conveyed to and 
from exhibitions with the least risk of injury. The neighbourhood of 
Birmingham has become celebrated for its collections of Orchids, and the 
projectors of the Show were justified in their expectation that there were, 
few districts more likely to produce a satisfactory display of these popular 
plants. 
Eleven classes were provided as follows :—1, Group of twenty Orchids 
distinct (open); prizes £15, £10, and £6. 2 and 3, Groups of ten, from 
amateurs and nurserymen ; prizes £8, £6, and £4 in each. 4 and 5, Groups 
of six, also from amateurs and nurserymen respectively; prizes £5, £3, and 
£2. 6 and 7, Groups of ten distinct Odontoglossums, like the preceding for 
the two sections of exhibitors; prizes, £6, £4, and £2. 8 and 9, for Bix 
Cattleyas or Laelias ; prizes £4, £3, and £2. 10, for twelve distinct species 
of Masdevallias (open) £3, £2, and £L. And 11, for twelve distinct cut spikes 
or bunches of Orchid flowers in glasses; prizes £3, £2, and £1. The total 
in all the classes was thus £141, the largest amount yet offered for Orchids 
alone at one exhibition. 
The arrangement of the exhibits was under the superintendence of the 
Curator of the Botanic Gardens, Mr. W. B. Latham, and it is almost needless 
to say that he made the most of the material at his command. An exceed¬ 
ingly beautiful effect was produced, for Orchids lend themselves readily to 
artistic arrangement, being free from the formality that characterises so 
many exhibition plants, and are remarkably varied both in forms and 
colours. 
The large glass exhibition house was devoted to the plants, which were 
admirably arranged on the side stages, with a due proportion of healthy 
Palms and Ferns to impart a more pleasing effect. The Orchids were not 
represented by the large specimens sometimes seen at other shows, but 
they were in nearly every case genuine specimens, and therefore better 
indications of the cultivator’s skill. Some extremely handsome varieties 
were included in several of the collections, and a large number of distinct 
species waB shown. The display was the more remarkable that with the 
exception of the Cheltenham plants they were all from growers in the dis¬ 
trict, and in all respec’s they were most creditable to the exhibitors, and 
never has a more beautiful exhibition of Orchids been provided, for though 
the Kensington Conference last year brought a larger number of plants they 
were not so effectively displayed. 
We can only briefly note the winners of the prizes in each class, reserv¬ 
ing fuller note for another occasion. Class 1.—First, Mr. James Cypher, with 
handsome plants of Cattleya Skinneri oculata, Dendrobium thyrsiflorum, and 
Cypripedium Lawrencianum, being the finest amongst many that were 
good; second, A. A. Wills, Esq., with smaller plants, hut freely 
flowered. Class 2.—First, C. Winn, Esq., with fresh and beautiful 
plants of Odontoglossum vexillarium, and Cypripedium Lawrencianum 
forming the leading attractions. The Right Hon. Joseph Chamberlain 
was second, and Joshua Fellowes, Esq., third, an extra prize being 
awarded to Edwin Wright. Esq. Class 3.—First, Mr. James Cypher, who 
was also first in classes five, seven, and nine, in each case showing 
plants of the usual high quality. Class 4. — First, Mr. Chamberlain, 
with six very handsome plants superbly flowered ; second, Mr. C. Winn, 
and third, Mr. E. Wright. The Odontoglossums in classes six and 
seven were of excellent quality, Messrs. C. Winn, J. Fellowes, and Cypher 
taking the honours. Class 8.—First, Mr. Winn, with small but healthy plants, 
yery distinct. Second, Mr. Chamberlain. The Masdevallias from Messrs. 
Winn and Fellowes were exceedingly bright, and the cut blooms frona 
Messrs. Cypher, Winn, and Chamberlain very beautiful. Several groups of 
Orchids not in competition were awarded extra prizes. The Exhibition was 
a decided suocess, but the weather on the opening day was most unfavour¬ 
able, continuous rain deterring many visitors from attending the Show. 
ROSE SHOW FIXTURES, 1886. 
For the guidance of those Societies which have not as yet fixed the 
dates of their exhibitions I append the following list of Rose Shows 
arranged to be held during the coming season by the National Rose 
society and Societies affiliated with it. 
Bagshot and Windlesham Rose Society, at Bagshot, Tuesday, 
June 29th. 
Diss Horticultural Society, at Diss, and the Canterbury and Kent Rose 
Society, at Canterbury, Tuesday, June 29th. 
Croydon Horticultural Society, at Croydon, Wednesday, June 30th. 
Farningham Rose and Horticultural Society, at Farningham, Wednes¬ 
day, June 30th. 
Reigate Rose Association, at Reigate, Thursday, July 1st. 
Tunbridge Wells Horticultural Society, at Tunbridge Wells, Friday, 
July 2nd. 
Broekham Rose Association, at Dorking, Saturday, July 3rd. 
Eltham Rose and Horticultural Society, at Eltham, Saturday, July 3rd. 
National Rose Society, at South Kensington, Tuesday, July 6th. 
Cardiff Rose Society, at Cardiff, Wednesday, July 7th. 
Ealing, Acton, and Hanwell Horticultural Society, at Ealing, Wed¬ 
nesday, July 7th. 
Sutton Amateur Rose Society, at Sutton, Wednesday, July <th. 
Bath Floral Fete and Band Committee, at Bath, Thursday, July 8th. 
Hitchin Rose Society, at Hitchin, Thursday, July 8th. 
Ipswich and East of England Horticultural Society, at Ipswich, 
Thursday, July 8th. ., 
Hereford and West of England Rose Society, at Hereford, Friday, 
July 9th. 
Maidstone Rose Club, at Maidstone, Friday, July 9th. 
Cray Valley and Sidcup Horticultural Society, at Frognal, Saturday, 
July 10 th. 
Wirral Rose Society, at Birkenhead, Saturday, July 10th. 
East Gloucestershire Rose Society, at Moreton-in-Marsh, Tuesday, 
Julv 13th - , . , , ,, ,. , 
The only fixtures of Rose Shows not in connection with the National 
Rose Society that have as yet reached me are the two following:— 
Oxford Roie Show, Wednesday, July 7th. 
Crystal Palace Rose Show, Saturday, July 3rd. 
WOR'K.FOfi.THEWEEKJ 
ffjll 
*“uEr~ / 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
The weather during the past fortnight has been very dry and warm ; 
young vegetables have pushed up considerably, but a deluge of rain would 
benefit them more than anything now. Early Peas in blossom have had 
a thorough watering with liquid manure, and so have Cauliflowers. We 
do not like to make watering general in May, but if it continues dry we 
shall have to do so, especially in the case of all crops which are behind 
their usual time in being ready for use this spring. Liquid from a manure 
heap or a little guano dissolved in water may be used with great 
advantage. . , 
Celery. —Some of the old plants of 1885 are still retained, as the 
cook uses them frequently and none will be thrown away. They have 
been lifted from the quarter on which they were grown and are laid in by 
the roots in an odd corner. The ground from which they were lifted is 
now bearing Carrots. Trenches should be formed at once for the earliest 
of the young plants. If required for exhibition, plant them in single rows 
in trenches 10 inches deep an.l 3 feet apart. Give them abundance 
