June 10, 1886. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
477 
flavour; placed in the first three by one person. 7. Lucas (De Jonghe). 
Named by four, with six votes ; placed among the first three by one 
person. Mid-season, five flavour, good cropper. Requires good soil. 8. La 
Constante (De Jonghe).—Named by four, with seven votes. Mid-season, 
small fruit, good bearer. 9. Elton Pine.—Named by four, with five votes. 
Late season, medium bearer, sharp acid flavour. 10. Erogmore Late Pine. 
- Named by four, with four votes. L ite season, good bearer, medium flavour. 
Requires strong soil. 11. Filbert Pine.—Named by three, with four votes. 
Mid-season, fine flavour, good bearer. Requires good soil. 12. Early Prolific 
(Roden).—Named by three, with five votes. Early season, fine quality, 
good cropper. 13. Vicomtesse Hciicart de Thury.—Named by three, with 
five votes. Medium early, good bearer, medium quality. 14. Prince of 
Wales (Ingram).—Named by three, with four votes. Spoken of very highly 
by Mr. Marsden for light soils. 15. Black Prince.—Named by three, with 
four votes. Early, small, poor quality. 16. Sir C. Napier.—Named by three, 
with four votes. Mid-season, medium quality, good bearer. 17. Mr. Radcly ffe. 
—Named by three, with three votes. Mid-season, good quality, fair cropper. 
Requires strong soil. 18. Keens’ Seedling.—Named by three, with three 
votes. Early, medium-sized, poor quality. The following have been named 
by two persons :—Empress Eugenie, alias Black Bes 3 , Eclipse, Wonderful, 
Crimson Queen, Rivers’ Eliza, Bicton White Pine; the following once :— 
Scarlet Pine, Sir Han'y, Guinevre, James Yeitch, Her Majesty, Souvenir de 
"- le (C Belle Paris, Aromatic, Rifleman, Jucunda, Marguerite, Premier, 
yirl 1 ’ Duke of Edinburgh, Admiral Dundas, Amateur, Bonne Bouche, 
and \\ ante's Seedling. Of these Amateur, James Yeitch, and Aromatic are 
as yet little known, and likely to prove very serviceable; and Scarlet Pine, 
Crimson Queen, and Bonne Bouche are fine-flavoured sorts worth growing, 
especially in large gardens. We may consequently select the following :— 
Early.—Early Prolific (Roden), and Vicomtesse HGricart de Thury. Medium. 
, r President, British Queen, Dr. Hogg, La Constante, Cocks¬ 
comb, Lucas, and Filbert Pine. Late.—Elton, Frogmore Late Pine, and 
Names of Plants.—We only undertake to name species of plants, not 
varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm 
boxes. Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry 
cotton wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once. 
(Somerset). — 1 , Carex hirta; 6 , Too young to be determined; 3, Carex 
vulgaris ; 4, C. muricata; 5, C. sylvatica ; 6, C. remota. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. —June 9th, 
Steady trade, with prices the same. 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
8. 
a. 
s. 
d. 
d. 
d. 
Aralia Sieboldi .. 
dozen 
9 
0 to 18 
0 
Ficus elastica 
.. each 
i 
6 to 
7 
0 
Arbor vitae (golden) 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Fuchsia 
per dozen 
6 
0 
11' 
0 
,i (common) 
dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Foliage Plants, 
var. each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Arum Lilies .. .. 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Genistas 
.. dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Azaleas. 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Hydrangea .. 
per dozen 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Bedding Plants, vax 
doz. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Ivy Geraniums 
per dozen 
5 
0 
6 
0 
Begonias .. .. 
dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Lilies of the 
Calceolaria .. per dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
pots, per doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
umeraria .. .. 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lobelias .. 
per dozen 
4 
0 
G 
0 
Cyclamen .. .. 
dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Marguerite Daisy dozen 
8 
0 
i 
0 
Cy perus. 
dozen 
4 
0 
12 
0 
Mignonette .. 
per dozen 
5 
0 
8 
0 
uracasna terminalis, dozen 
30 
0 
60 
0 
Musk .. .. 
per dozen 
2 
0 
4 
0 
,» viridi3 .. 
dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Myrtles .. .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Erica, various 
dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Palms, in var. 
.. each 
2 
6 
21 
0 
Euonymus, in var. 
dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Evergreens, in var. 
dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Pelargoniums 
per dozen 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Ferns, in variety .. 
dozen 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Spirma ., .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
CUT 
FLOWERS. 
s. a. s. a. 
Abutilons .. 12 bunches 2 0 to 4 0 
Anemone .. doz. bunches 0 0 0 0 
Arum Lilies .. 12 blooms 4 0 6 0 
Azalea .... 12 sprays 06 10 
Bouvardias .. per bunch 0 6 10 
Camellias .. 12 blooms 0 0 0 0 
Carnations .. 12 blooms 10 8 0 
Chrysanthemums 12 blooms 0 0 0 0 
Cowslips .. doz. bunches 0 0 0 0 
Cyclamen .. doz. blooms 0 0 0 0 
Daffodils .. 12 bunches 0 0 0 0 
Bpiphyllum .. doz. blooms 0 0 0 0 
Eucharis .. per dozen 4 0 6 0 
Gardenias .. 12 blooms 2 0 4 0 
Hellebore .. doz. blooms 0 0 0 0 
H yacinths, Roman, 12 sprays 0 0 0 0 
Iris. 12 bunches 9 0 18 0 
Lapageria, white, 12 blooms 0 0 0 0 
Lapageria, red .. 12 blooms 10 2 0 
Lilac .. .. per bunch 2 0 6 0 
Lilium longiflorum, 12 blms. 3 0 6 0 
Lily of the Valley, 12 sprays 0 4 0 9 
s. 
d. 
S. 
a 
Marguerites .. 
12 bunches 
3 
0 
to 6 
0 
Mignonette .. 
12 bunches 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Narcissus, various 12 bnches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Double white 12 blooms 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Pelargoniums, per 12 trusses 
0 
9 
i 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 
0 
4 
0 
8 
Fasonies, various 12 b’ooms 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Ranunculus .. 
12 bunches 
3 
0 
8 
0 
Roses (indoor), 
per dozen 
1 
0 
8 
0 
„ Tea.. .. 
0 
9 
2 
0 
i, red 
.. dozen 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Primrosep, YeUow, dozen 
dozen hunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Primroses, Double 1741116. 
Py rethrum .. 
12 bunches 
9 
0 
24 
0- 
Spirsea .. .. 
12 sprays 
9 
6 
1 
0 
Stephanotis .. 
12 sprays 
2 
0 
8 
0 
Tropseolum .. 
12 bunches 
i 
0 
3 
0 
Tuberoses 
12 blooms 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Violets .. .. 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ Czar, Fr., 
, .. hunch 
0 
0 
0 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
Artichokes , 
. dozen 
s. 
1 
d. 8. 
0 to 0 
d 
0 
Asparagus 
. bundle 
2 
0 
5 
0 
Beans, Kidney 
. lb. 
0 
9 
0 
0 
Beet, Red 
, dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Broccoli . 
. bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Brussels Sprouts . 
. 4 sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cabbage .. .. 
. dozen 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Capsicums . 
100 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Carrots.. 
. bunch 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Cauliflowers .. . 
. dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Celery . 
, bundle 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Coleworts dcz. 
bunches 
a 
0 
4 
0 
Cucumbers .. . 
• each 
0 
8 
0 
6 
Endive. 
. dozen 
i 
0 
s 
0 
Herbs . 
. bunch 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Leeks . 
. bunch 
0 
8 
0 
4 
8. 
d. 
s. 
a 
Lettuce .. 
l 
0 
to 1 
6 
Mushrooms .. 
.. punnet 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Mustard and Cress punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Ouions .. .. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Parsley .. dozen bunches 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Parsnips.. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Potatoes .. .. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
,, Kidney 
.. cwt. 
4 
6 
5 
0 
tihubarb.. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Salsafy .. .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Scorzonera 
.. bundle 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Seakale .. 
per basket 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Shallots .. .. 
0 
3 
d 
0 
Spinach .. .. 
.. bushel 
8 
0 
4 
0 
Tomatoes 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Turnips .. .. 
a , bunch 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Apples .. .. 
Cobs, Kent .. 
Figs .. .. 
Grapes .. .. 
Lemons.. .. 
Melon .. .. 
FRUIT. 
s. d. s. d. 
.. 4 sieve 2 0 to S 6 
per 100 lbs. 27 6 30 0 
.. dozen SO 6 0 
.. .. Ib. 2 6 5 0 
.. .. case 10 0 15 0 
.. .. each 16 3 6 
s. d - s. d. 
Oranges . 100 4 0 to 6 o 
Peaches.per doz. 6 0 20 0 
Pine Apples English .. lb. 1 0 16 
Plums. 4 sieve 0 0 0 0 
St. Michael Pines ..each 4 0 6 0 
Strawberries.. .. per lb. 2 0 4 0 
A recent inspection of several farms has deepened our 
conviction that the future of farming will witness considerable 
curtailment in the size of farms, and a more just proportion 
of capital and acres than has prevailed hitherto. There can 
be no question that the capital of many a farmer has been 
spread over too wide an area to be fully effective, even in the 
most palmy days of farming, and under the depression it is 
precisely upon such holdings that we find numerous cases of 
bankruptcy irrespective of the size of farms. That plurality 
of holdings was a safe proceeding twenty years ago 
there can be no question so far as tenants were con¬ 
cerned, but subsequent experience has shown that it was an 
unwise one on the part of 'landlords. Straitened means 
from falling prices induced many a man to “ take it out of the 
land,” with certain vague hopes of better times—hopes 
doomed never to be realised. The land was farmed out, fell 
upon the landlord’s hands exhausted of fertility, foul with 
weeds, and not unfrequently water-logged. What this means 
for the landlord is fully realised by the home farmer, falling 
as it often does to his lot to take up such farms and bring 
them back into good condition again. A farm which we now 
have in cultivation, when it first came in hand was so foul 
that nothing could be sown during the first year, and nearly 
a thousand pounds was spent in steam cultivation. Then 
followed drainage, for it was a heavy land farm, most of it 
“ wet,” yet it was intersected by plenty of deep ditches, and 
the surface of all the fields inclined sufficiently to the ditches 
to render sufficient drainage a simple matter enough, but it 
must not be forgotten that it had to be paid for. Manure 
was another heavy item of what may be termed necessary 
preliminary expenditure, for the land was very poor, so that 
altogether there was an outlay of some T3000 to clean, drain, 
manure and crop this farm. Glad were we when it began 
affording some returns upon our expenditure, and we hope 
this season to realise a fair margin of profit. 
It may be thought that a faithful steward would never 
suffer the property entrusted to his supervision to fall into 
such wretched plight, but when land is held under a long 
lease and the rent is paid regularly as it becomes due, it is 
by no means an easy matter to interfere with effect. Under 
rent reductions and modified agreements, yearly tenancies 
are fast replacing long leases, and it is clearly in the interest 
of the owners of the land that it should be so. In the 
interest both of the owner and occupier of land we require a 
prospective tenant to afford proof of having sufficient capital 
to farm the land well. Would that we could also apply a 
preliminary test of his practical knowledge of farming, but 
that in most instances has to be taken for granted. Industry 
combined with good sense enables a man to turn money and 
labour to best account. We had a pleasing example of this 
in our farm inspection, to which we may call attention here. 
The tenant of a small compact farm of eighty acres entered 
upon his holding four years ago at a rent of £80 a year. He 
found the land so poor and foul that the first year’s rent had 
to be paid out of capital, and as he told us he was much 
disheartened, and would probably have broken down, but he 
fortunately has a good wife, a notable woman, who with the 
proceeds of her dairy and poultry has helped her husband 
over the difficulties which threatened to overwhelm them. “ I 
