478 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ June 10, 1886. 
and my wife work hard fourteen hours daily,” said he. We 
had pleasing evidence of the fruits of their industry and 
dogged perseverance as we went over the farm, and we were 
able to congratulate him upon having the most flourishing 
crops we had seen this season. Such a tenant deserves 
encouragement, and assuredly he shall have it. He wants 
more land already. By next Michaelmas he will be ready for 
more, and arrangements will be made to meet his wants 
from land in hand adjoining his farm. He has been badly 
treated and naturally complains of it, yet such a tenant is a 
landlord’s best friend, and he must for every reason have due 
respect and attention accorded him. More than this, it is in 
the very nature of things that he should be ambitious ; be it 
our study so to meet his demands, that he may see it is for 
his interest to keep to the estate under our care and not to 
seek for a second holding upon another estate. That is a 
thing which frequently happens and which we greatly 
deplore, for the tenant then has the option of taking live 
stock from farm to farm, and there is always a feeling of 
uncertainty about his affairs. If he falls into arrears we can 
keep no real check upon him, and if possible we avoid letting 
farms to men already holding land on other estates. Nor 
is this a matter only affecting the landlord’s interest. A farmer 
with capital to invest may be tempted to hire more land 
simply from the cheap rate at which it can be had. If our 
advice were asked, we should certainly inquire if before look¬ 
ing for other holdings the farmer was really doing the best 
with that which he already had. To such a query the answer 
often proves unsatisfactory. In reply to our advice to put 
£5 an acre of more capital into a certain farm we were asked, 
“Where is the good of putting more money into land that 
only yields four quarters of Wheat per acre, with corn at 
such a low price ? ” We had actually to explain that the 
sole end and aim of such expenditure was to render the land 
more fertile, to improve the cultivation of it generally, and 
consequently to render it more productive. If only we could 
induce farmers to realise the possibilities of high culture, to 
see that a moderate area thoroughly well managed is far 
more profitable than a large one only half done, what a 
stumbling-block—what a hindrance to progress—should we 
remove, and how far more hopeful should we feel of the 
future of farming than we do now! 
(To be continued.) 
WORK ON THE HOME FARM. 
As long as is possible without harm to the corn the hoes will be kept 
briskly at work among it where Thistles and Charlock abound. In some 
corn badly infested with Charlock we have resorted to pulling it out of 
the corn rows by hand. We have employed several extra boys and men 
at this work, for we are bound to do all we can to relieve the land of 
weeds. The Mangolds are growing freely, and the plants will soon be 
large enough for thinning. The horse hoes have been at work between the 
rows of Mangolds ; Thistles, and in some parts Couch Grass, being 
abundant. Swedes have come well in moist toil, and the change to real 
summer weather will cause them to grow quickly away from the fly. 
Maize of the large Horse-tooth variety has been sown for the cows, 
bullocks and pigs. We strongly commend this summer crop to general notice 
for farmers who want an abundant yield of nutritious green food for live 
stock at the rate of 20 to 30 tons an acre. We have not yet tried Green 
Maize as an article of summer diet for sheep, but we have no reason to 
suppose they will not thrive upon it. Used in moderation it is useful for 
dairy cows, but they must not be fed with it alone, as it is then liable to 
impart an unpleasant flavour to the milk. There is still time to raise a 
crop, and it is certainly worthy of a trial. The land should be rich and in 
good cultivation in order to do full justice to the Maize plant, which is of 
rampant growth and 'requires plenty of food. Haymaking will soon he 
npon us, and we are having the mowing machines overhauled and put into 
good working order. Rakes and forks will all be examined, and due care 
taken that rick cloths, poles, pulleys, and ropes are all ready for the work. 
Haymaking is critical work, requiring close supervision and great care, 
then there is no reason why good hay should not be made. In point of 
fact good hay can always be made except, perhaps, in the extreme west, 
where rain is more prevalent than in other parts of the country. In a 
very wet district recourse can be had to the making of silage, but let hay 
he made wherever it is possible, as it affords us the option either of being 
used at the farm or being sold. Do not suffer any of the grass to ripen 
seed, but so arrange the mowing that the last of the grass shall be mowed 
before seed-ripening is possible. The ewes and lambs have finished the 
Rye Grass, and they have returned to the home farm to be folded upon 
Winter Tares by night and to run upon the grass in the park by day. 
Weaning has already been begun, and we greatly regret to see old ewes 
taken from the lambs and sent into the markets to he sold in wretched 
condition. 
BATH AND WEST OF ENGLAND SHOW. 
The 109th Exhibition of this Society, held on the Durdham Down, 
Clifton, Bristol, was a decided success in every respect. Prior to the opening 
day much rain fell, and as a consequence the exceptional heavy traffic 
incidental to the collection of such an immense amount of heavy machinery, 
implements, and stock rendered the principal thoroughfares extremely unfit 
for traffic. With this exception, nothing was wanting to make a visit to 
the Show both interesting and instructive to the visitors who flocked to the 
grounds on each day the Show was open. The total entries in the live stock 
departments were 969, and of poultry there were 525 entrh s. About 
40 acres of ground were enclosed, and of this agricultural implements 
occupied 4499 feet run ; cattle foods, artificial manures, Ac., 740 feet run ; 
seeds 441 feet run ; machinery in motion eighty-eight compartments, and 
open space for hay barns, greenhouses, Ac., 2118 square yards, and miscel¬ 
laneous exhibits 1470 feet run. 
The show of shorthorns, eighty-three in all, was one of the best ever 
collected by the Society, and included remarkably well-developed animals 
in the several classes devoted to them. Fewer Devons were shown than 
anticipated, but th re were several fine animals, and the heifers were well 
represented. The number of Herefords shown was seventy-four, and they 
were a good all-round lot. Guernseys were also well shown, and the Jerseys 
were a pretty lot, while the Sussex, though fewer in number than usual, 
comprised many fine beasts. Sheep of every description were well shown, 
though fewer in number than at Brighton last year, while the pigs in each 
class were considered exceptionally good, and the same may be said of the 
horses generally. Anything like a detailed account of the prizewinners, 
however, cannot be attempted, and it would require several pages to even 
briefly describe the numerous exhibits of machinery, implements, Ac., all of 
which are now brought to great perfection, a fact evident enough to all 
observers visiting this great display. 
The examples of ensilage made under varying conditions at Long Ash¬ 
ton, near Bristol, under the advice of Sir John B. Lawes, Bart., naturally 
attracted much attention from the innumerable agriculturists present, and 
much rrseful information must have been disseminated. The aroma arising 
from the sour “ silage ” was anything but agreeable, but this does not 
appear to deter the beasts from eating it readily, and should a wet season be 
experienced it is to be hoped that many farmers will adopt the system. At 
present the system is not much favoured in the west of England, where in 
many cases the farmers are scarcely so “ go-ahead ” as they ought to be. 
A conspicuous exhibit was the grand stand or Royal Museum of 6eeds, 
roots, models, grasses, Ac., erected by the Messrs. Sutton A Sons, the noted 
Reading firm of seedsmen. Those who have not previously seen similar- 
exhibits by this and other firms were agreeably surprised at the artistic 
manner in which the varioits subjects are grouped, few thinking it possible 
to render immense heaps of Mangolds, Swedes, and o'her roots really attrac¬ 
tive ; while the numerous varieties of dried grasses, all legibly named, with 
large patches of beautifully green herbage, all serve to complete quite an 
attractive display. With a season like 1885 to cmtend with, extra fine 
samples of roots were scarcely to be expected, but there was no apparent 
falling off in the size and form either of the popular Sutton’s Berkshire 
Prize Yellow Globe Mangold;Golden Tankard, yellow fleshed. Mangold much 
in demand by the dairy farmers; Sutton’s Yellow Intermediate Mangold, a 
favourite for shallow soils ; or the exceptionally hardy Sutton’s Champion 
Swede. In addition to these there was also a large collection of Potatoes, 
including all the good sorts distributed by this firm of late years. 
Messrs. Webb A Sons, Wordsley, Stourbridge, also had a grand stand, 
this forming a good companion for that just noticed. In addition to exten¬ 
sive heaps of Webbs’ Imperial Swede, a variety much in favour with exhi¬ 
bitors, and other equally as popular Swedes and Mangolds, they had a col¬ 
lection of finely grown Potatoes. Messrs. Webb had also sheaves of new 
kinds of Wheat, Barley, and Oats, as well as older kinds, of which they hold 
good stock. Grasses for all soils and purposes, including ensilage both 
dried and in a green state, were also extensively shown, and samples o£ 
various seeds, both for the garden and farm, occupied prominent positions 
on this large and well arranged stand. In addition, there were large groups 
of Tuberous Begonias and Gloxinias, the strains being good in both in¬ 
stances. 
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 
CAMDEN SQUARE, LONDON. 
Lat. 51° 32'40’’ N.; Long. 0° 8- 0" W.; Altitude, 111 feet. 
DATE. 
9 A.M. 
IN THE DAY. 
1886. 
Barome¬ 
ter at 328 
and Sea 
Level 
Hygrome¬ 
ter. 
A . 
o 
♦j P 
Temp, of 
Boil at 
1 foot. 
Shade Tem¬ 
perature. 
Radiation 
Temperature. 
« 
Pi 
May—June. 
Dry. 
Wet. 
5 o 
Max. 
Min. 
In 
sun. 
On 
grass. 
Inches. 
deg. 
56.6 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
In. 
Sunday . 
30 
29.994 
48.9 
N.L. 
51.6 
62.2 
41.0 
92.6 
3.',.7 
— 
Monday . 
31 
30.024 
58.3 
54.0 
N. 
51.3 
69.1 
45.4 
1158 
39.3 
0.016- 
Tuesday. 
1 
29.847 
58.8 
57.3 
E. 
52.5 
73.6 
53.8 
112.9 
51.0 
0.172 
Wednesday .. 
2 
29.930 
61.4 
55.6 
E. 
53.4 
72.4 
49.1 
112.2 
46.2 
— 
Thursday .... 
3 
30.109 
52.2 
49.4 
N.E. 
54.2 
56.7 
48.8 
76.4 
49.2 
—* 
Friday . 
4 
30.186 
53 6 
48.0 
S.E. 
53.2 
6*>.8 
40.9 
116.6 
363 
— 
Saturday .... 
5 
30.132 
52.7 
47.9 
N.E. 
53.4 
67.3 
40 2 
113.4 
36.0 
~~ 
30.032 
56.2 
51.6 
52.8 
66.7 
45.6 
105.7 
42.0 
0.188 
REMARKS. 
30th.—Very hazy till evening, then bright. 
31st.—Cloudy morn, fine bright afternoon, spots of rain in evening. . 
1st.—Heavy rain about lo A.M. with thunder and lightning; cloudy morning; lovely 
afternoon and evening. . 
2nd.—Delightful morning, cloudy after 3 P.M., thunder at 3.50 P.M. and a little ram; fine 
evening 
3rd.—Cloudy all day. 
4tli.—Fine and bright, but cool. 
5th.—Fine day ; thin haze in afternoon, with solar halo from 4 to 8 P.M. 
A fine week. Temperature near the average. The total rainfall this year already 
exceeds 12 inches.—G. J. STHON8. 
