Jri!y 4, 1889. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
13 
Certain that it is the work of grubs, though it may be. You give no 
indication of the time you planted the Pansies. When planted in the 
spring, and a term of cold weather follows, preventing their quick 
establishment, dry hot weather succeeding, the plants are almost certain 
to fail. They can only resist the effects of hot weather when the roots 
are working freely and deeply in good moist soil, and when not so 
working the stems shrink and the plants wither. More Pansies fail 
through late spring planting, especially shallow planting in poor soil, 
than through any other mistake that is made. If your garden is in¬ 
fested with grubs, however, it may be naturally expected they would 
attack the plants. The nature of the soil and time of planting are such 
important factors in the case that, in the absence of information 
thereon, we are unable to give a more definite reply. 
Peas Withering- (IV. H, P.'). —If a number of Notts gardeners 
“ put their heads together ” over a “ new disease ” without obtaining 
light concerning it, the origin of the evil must be very obscure and the 
remedy proportionately difficult to determine. We have had Peas 
similarly affected to those you send from time to time during the past 
forty years. The stems shrink just within the soil, and the leaves 
wither upwards. As it has only occurred with us occasionally, in other 
years the growth being satisfactory, we have attributed the collapse to 
weather influences. It would perhaps be worth while sending samples 
to the Scientific Committee of the Royal Horticultural Society, which 
next meets on the 23rd inst. at 117, Victoria Street, Westminster. What 
is known as the gangrene in Winter Spinach is common in some soils, 
seldom occurring in others. Have you tried sowing in deep drills of 
wood ashes along the tops of ridges, the same as those made by farmers 
for Turnips, but narrower ? We have with advantage ; hence concluded 
the mischief was not at the end of the roots but near the surface of the 
soil. 
Peacb Trees Unfruitful (.71).—The unfruitfulness is probably a 
consequence of over-luxuriance, the soil being too rich and too loose. 
We should thin out the wood now, in fact cut away all not required for 
furnishing the trees with extension and fruiting wood for the ensuing 
season, leaving no more than can have full exposure to light and air, it 
being important that the growth be thoroughly solidified as made, the 
sap duly elaborated, and the assimilated matter stored in the wood and 
buds. In the autumn, when the leaves give indications of falling, the 
trees may be lifted and have the roots laid in fresh soil nearer the 
surface, or the old soil may be used, adding to it some mortar rubbish, 
about a sixth not being too much if the soil is deficient in calcareous 
matter, and if it is light add a fourth of clay marl in as divisible parts 
as practicable. Work the soil well amongst the roots and make it firm. 
Avoid manure in the border, though a little may be used in a lumpy 
state as a mulch with a view to uniform moisture and encouraging and 
preserving surface roots. With proper treatment in other respects, 
which may be gleaned from our Work for the Week column, the trees 
ought to bear fruit. The crops of Peaches and Nectarines are not very 
satisfactory this season, the result, probably, of the sunless and moist 
weather of last year. 
Bose Manure (Kittle). —We have no experience of the manure 
you mention, and from its constituents have very little faith in it as an 
aid to anything beyond succulent growth. Nitrogenous manures do 
not tend to form solidified growths, which give the finest and most 
abundant blooms. Not knowing the condition of your Roses, we cannot 
say the mixture would not do good, but we can say it would only be 
of benefit with phosphatic ingredients in the soil. If you use it a 
thorough watering should be given at least once a week after the buds 
show, unless the weather be wet, when less frequent applications will 
be necessary, continuing them until the. Roses have done blooming, and 
when they are in growth again for a late bloom recourse may be had to 
the manure as assisting the developing buds. Nitrates promote growth, 
but, if used alone, at the expense of flowers and fruit. We find it better 
to use muriate of potash and superphosphate of lime, 1 lb. of the former 
and 3 lbs. of the latter per rod, as a surface dressing in spring, and 
again early in June, merely scratching or pointing in lightly with a 
fork. The results on blooms to which the liquid you mention is applied 
must be infinitessimal on those that will develop ten days hence, as the 
bloom is dependent on the matter available during the whole of its 
formation. The formula represents an imperfect manure. 
Names of Plants.—We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry cotton 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(IF. IF.).— 1, Cheilanthes elegans ; 2, Doodia aspera ; 3, Osmunda 
gracilis; 4, Phlebodium aureum. (C. A. L.). —1, Spirasa Filipendula 
flore-pleno ; 2, Tradescantia virginica: 3, Lychnis chalcedonica ; 4, Winter 
Savory ; 5, Pot Marjoram ; 6, Tarragon. (J. II., Leamington). —1, 
Stachys lanata ; 2, Agrostemma coronaria (the Rose Campion); 3, 
Linaria bipartita ; 4, Physalis Alkekengi ; 5, Dictamnus Fraxinella alba. 
(IF. C .).—We have no flowers from you. We shall be glad to assist in 
naming any which arrive in good condition. Some are lost in the post 
through being sent in fragile boxes. Please include the full title of this 
Journal in the address of packages. 
Uniting- Bees (Novice). — Your letter cannot be satisfactorily 
answered this week, and you will gain by waiting for a future issue. 
COYENT GARDEN MARKET— July 3rd. 
A steady business doing, -w itb good supplies. 
VEGETABLES. 
B. 
a. 
e. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Artichokes, dozen ,, 
Asparagus,bundle.. 
2 
0 
to 8 
0 
Lettuce, dozen . 
0 
9 to 1 
3 
. , 
2 
0 
5 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
0 
8 
X 
0 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. 
. , 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Mustard & Cress, punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beet,Red, dozen .. 
*-• 
1 
0 
2 
0 
New Potatoes, per cwt. .. 
8 
0 
9 
o 
Broccoli, bundle „. 
t T 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bushel .. .. 
8 
0 
4 
0 
Brussels Sprouts. 1 sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
O 
0 
8 
0 
Cabbage, dozen .. 
,, 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Capsicums, per 100 
, , 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per ewt. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Carrots, bunch ., 
, , 
0 
4 
0 
0 
„ Kidney, per cwt. 
4 
0 
8 
0. 
Cauliflowers, dozen 
* 4 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle 
. . 
1 
8 
a 
0 
Salsify, bundle .. 
X 
0 
1 
@ 
Coleworts, doz. bunches 
8 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumbers, each .. 
r (T 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Shallots, per ft>. .. .. 
0 
S 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen .. ,. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach, bushel •• .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Herbs, bunch .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per fb. .. .. 
0 
6 
0 
» 
Leeks, bunch .. .. 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch •• •• 
0 
4 
0 
0 
FRUIT. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
a. 
s. 
a. 
Apples, i sieve. 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 
4 
0 
to 9 
0 
„ Nova Scotia and 
Peaches, dozen. 
13 
0 
18 
0 
Canada, per barrel 
7 
0 
16 
0 
Pears, dozen. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cherries, £ sieve ., .. 
6 
0 
13 
0 
Plums, ^-sieve. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Grapes, per lb. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
St. Michael Pine , each 
2 
0 
0 
0 
Lemons, case .. .. .. 
10 
0 
15 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. 
0 
3 
0 
CUT FLOWERS* 
0. 
d. 
0. 
d. 
0. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Arum Lilies,12 blooms .. 
3 
0 to 6 
0 
Narciss (various) .. .. 
0 
0 
to 0 
O 
Asters (Fr.), per bunch.. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
Pansies, dozen bunches .. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Cactus, dozen blooms .. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 bunches 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Pmonies, dozen blooms .. 
0 
0 
0 
o 
Cineraria, per bunch 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Pinks (various) 12 bachs. 
3 
0 
6 
0- 
Cornflower, doz. bnchs... 
1 
0 
4 
0 
Polyanthus, doz. bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Eucharis, dozen .. .. 
2 
6 
5 
0 
Pyrethram Engli-h White 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
12 blooms 
0 
4 
0 
» 
Gladioli, per bunch.. .. 
0 
5 
i 
6 
„ English Coloured, 
Iris, dozen bunches 
4 
0 
9 
0 
12 blooms 
0 
2 
0 
4 
Lilac, White (French), 
Roses, Moss, doz. bunches 
6 
0 
12 
0- 
per bunch . 
3 
0 
5 
0 
„ (indoor),dozen 
0 
0 
1 
& 
Lilium c&ndidum, doz. 
„ Mixed, doz. bunches 
8 
0 
6 
o 
blooms. 
0 
9 
1 
6 
„ Red, dozen bunches 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Lilium longiflorum, 12 
„ „ 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
blooms. 
2 
0 
5 
0 
„ Tea, white, dozen.. 
1 
0 
s 
0 
Lapagoria, 15 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
,, Yellow . 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Maidenhair Fern, doz. 
Spirma, dozen bunches .. 
4 
0 
8 
a 
bunches. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Stephanotis, doz. sprays 
2 
0 
S 
0 
Marguerites, 15 bunches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Sweet Peas, doz. bunches 
3 
0 
6 
» 
Mignonette, 12 bunches 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Sweet Sultan, „ 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Myoaotia or Forgetmenots 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
0 
6 
i 
0 
doz. bunches 
1 
6 
4 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
S. 
a. 
8. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
0. 
a. 
Alalia Sieboldi, dozen .. 
3 
0 to 12 
0 
Ficus elastica, each 
i 
6 to 7 
O 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each 
2 
0 
10 
G 
Arbor vitae (golden) dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Fuchsia, per dozen.. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Asters, 12 pots. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Geranium?, Ivy, doz. 
3 
0 
5 
0 
Begonias, various, per doz 
4 
0 
13 
0 
Hydrangea, per dozen .. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
BeddiDg plants in variety, 
Lobelias, per dozen 
3 
0 
6 
0 
per doz. from .. .. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Bedding plants, bxs., each 
1 
6 
2 
6 
Mignonette, per dozen .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Caladiums, per doz. 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Musk, per do>en .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Calceolaria, per dozen .. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
„ Herbaceous „ 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Nasturtiums, per dozen.. 
2 
e 
4 
0- 
Christmas Rose . • .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Palms, in var., each 
2 
6 
21 
0 
Cineraria, per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, 12 
2 
6 
6 
O 
Dracamaterminalis, doz. 
24 
0 
43 
0 
Pelargoniums, per dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Dracaena viridi*, doz. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Rhodanthe, per dozen .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Erica Cavendish!, doz. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Saxafraga pyramidalie, 
„ various, doz. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
per dozen. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Eaonymus, var.. dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Spiraea, per dozen .. .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
„ palmata, per doz. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Stocks, per dozen .. .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
MIDSUMMER BUTTER. 
After “ haysel,” when cows are on the aftermath, is the time? 
when the milk is at its best. The glossy coats and sleek condition 
of the cows then afford the best evidence of good health. It does 
more, it shows the true value of pure food, pure water, pure air ^ 
and it is then that the best butter is made, for it is alike excellent 
in colour and flavour. Unfortunately for the producer, it is then 
that the price falls so low that he is unable to get more than half 
the price which really good butter commands in winter. Advice is 
now literally showered upon the British farmer, and among other 
things he has quite recently been told that he should do as foreigners 
do, and stop making butter to a very great extent when there is such 
a glut of it in the market. Now, every practical man knows that 
