372 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
{ October 31, 1889. 
glass, and also, that fruit from outside was very good, and that the 
tree was a splendid cropper. It was awarded a certificate there, 
and afterwards by the Royal Horticultural Society, and justly so. 
The examples were of the shape of Peasgood’s Nonesuch, but of 
the appearance of Wellington, more or less marbled with rosy red 
markings, and the skin translucent like Wellington. I obtained 
plants that autumn, and grafted on Crab and Paradise ; they grew 
freely, and from the knotted appearance of the wood and the for¬ 
mation of flower buds, promised fruit in 1888. This was the wet 
year. They flowered profusely, and set fruit their entire length 
(3 to 44 feet) and appeared to promise great vigour, combined with 
the flaccid and somewhat folded foliage of the Hawthornden race, 
a family noted for productiveness. It was in appearance most 
akin to Small’s Admirable. The rain was frequent and the sun 
rarely seen, yet the Bismarcks braved the elements, and severe 
thinning was necessary. The usual mulching was adopted, and 
towards September better weather came, and to our surprise the fruit 
grew and assumed au almost bronzy amaranth colour, and finished 
beautifully' as many as eighteen fruits on one maiden tree with 
two stems. We were awarded certificates for it in the market 
lots and 50 variety class at the Chiswick Conference. 
We sold rather too closely for much fruit this year, but with a 
more genial season it has been simply marvellous ; trees of two 
years old carrying as many as eight enormous fruits of the most 
brilliant colour where thinned as large as inches high in a circum¬ 
ference of 12)- inches. Our dish of it at the Crystal Palace was 
conspicuous, and led many to credit us with orchard house culture. 
In order to demonstrate the inaccuracy of this we exhibited dishes 
from the open and from under glass at the Royal Horticultural 
Society’s meeting, October 22nd, where a cultural commendation 
was awarded, and the Committee ruled that the orchard house fruit 
was fit for dessert. In my opinion it will make a good standard, 
as the growth is naturally pyramidal, and all the shoots turn up¬ 
wards, but it is admirably adapted for bush culture. It will be 
many years before standards can be obtained in quantity. As far 
as vigour is concerned the Crab and Paradise seem to suit it 
equally. It is a purely kitchen Apple, possessing the brisk acidity 
of the Wellington, and we kept fruits till the May exhibition at 
the Temple. —George Bunyard. 
ORCHID NOMENCLATURE. 
Some time ago the Council of the Royal Horticultural Society 
called a meeting to consider what course should be taken with the 
object of improving the present system of Orchid nomenclature, 
and as a result a Committee was appointed to deal with the matter, 
with Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., M.P., as Chairman, and Dr. M. T. 
Masters as Secretary. It has not been deemed necessary to proceed 
hastily, and it was decided not to commence the meetings until 
October ; consequently the first assembly was called for Tuesday 
last, October 29th, at 2 p.m., in the Lindley Library. On this 
occasion there was a small attendance, including Dr. M. T. Masters, 
Mr. J. Britten, Mr. II. Williams, Mr. J. O’Brien, Mr. W. J. 
Thompson, and Mr. Lewis Castle. Mr. Britten was requested to 
take the chair, and Dr. Masters commenced the proceedings by 
reading letters he had received from Mr. T. Thiselton Dyer, Mr. 
W. Carruthers, Mr. F. W. Burbidge, Mr. Norman Cookson, and 
others, making _ various suggestions and representing different 
views of the subject. Some discussion ensued, bearing chiefly upon 
the desirability or otherwise of adopting popular or botanical 
names for Orchid variations, the chief point to be considered. 
Dr. Masters ultimately suggested that the opinions expressed by 
the members present and in the letters received should be embodied 
in a report which he offered to prepare, to be submitted to the next 
meeting for consideration in detail. This course was adopted, and 
the Committee adjourned until Tuesday, November 12th, at the 
same hour—viz., 2 p.m. In addition to those above named as present 
the Committee comprises Mr. H. J. Yeitch, Mr. F. W. Burbidge, 
Mr. N. Cookson, and Mr. F. Sander. 
NAMING ORCHIDS. 
A. B. was a very successful botanical collector and discovered 
several new Orchids in the East Indies and Indian Archipelago. 
Some of these were imported alive into Europe and are now in 
general cultivation, and the d'scoverer has received due credit for 
them. But he discovered several species, if not some genera, new 
to science, and of which he was able only to secure herbarium 
specimens. On returning to Europe he sent these together with 
complete information and drawings of them to Reichenbach, but 
he has never heard anything further about them, and now they' 
are locked up in the Reichenbach herbarium to remain there sealed 
from the world for the next twenty-five years. In the meantime 
it is quite probable that C. D., E. F., and others may rediscover 
these new plants in their native wilds and secure living or her¬ 
barium specimens of them, and submit them to the authorities at 
Kew for identification or name, and have the credit of being the 
original discoverers. This is very galling and ill requites the- 
dangers, privations, and sickness A. B. underwent, his enthusiasm 
in the field, and his passionate love for Orchids. But it is a stinging- 
lesson—it teaches us how unsafe it is to trust our eggs in any 
one man’s private basket. Had Kew or some other noble, liberal,, 
public institution of the kind been entrusted with the identification 
and classification of Orchids no such injustice as that done to A. B.. 
could possibly have been done.—F. (in American Flwist). 
THE FRASER AND HALL FUND. 
Mr. Fred. Horsman sends the following list of promised and’ 
paid-up subscriptions to the Fraser and Hall fund (second list) :—> 
Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., M.P., £15 15s. ; Chas. W. Lea, Esq.,. 
£5 ; Fredk. Wigan, Esq., £5 5s. ; Mr. J. C. Stevens, £5 5s. ; Mr. 
Peacock, £1 Is. ; Mr. Cypher, £1 Is. ; Sussex Friend, £1 Is. p 
Mr. H. G. Smyth, £1 Is.; Mr. Thos. Manning, £1 Is. ; E. Harvey,. 
Esq., £1 Is. ; Mr. Tracey, 10s. 6d.; Horace Egerton Green, Esq.,. 
10s. ; Mr. G. W. Cummins, 5s. ; Mr. C. Mason, 5s. ; Mr. Bilney, 5s. p 
G. W. C., Is. ; Mr. Kettle, 2s. 6d.; Mr. Kingston, 2s. Gd. p 
Florence, Is. Total, £39 13s. Gd. 
CATTLEYA CITRINA. 
A charming dwarf growing species, which thrives best on a block: 
of wood, and requires to be hung with the leaves and pseudo-bulbs- 
pointing downwards ; it must also be placed in the cool house, the 
ordinary temperature of the Cattleya house being far too high for 
it to live in. Pseudo-bulbs small and ovate, bearing two narrow 
lanceolate acute leaves, which, like the pseudo-bulbs, are glaucous p 
scape terminal, one, or very rarely two-flowered, the whole flower- 
large, very fleshy in texture, and deliciously fragrant ; sepals oblong,, 
apiculate ; petals somewhat ovate, broader than the sepals, and, like 
them, bright waxy citron yellow ; lip three-lobed, lateral iobes 
erect, but not covering the column, middle lobe spreading, some¬ 
what ovate and undulate, white in front, citron yellow in the throat,, 
the disc stained with orange and ornamented with several raised- 
lines. It blooms during April, May, and June, lasting long in full 
beauty. Native of Mexico. 1835. 
CATTLEYA DOWIANA. 
A gorgeous Cattleya, evidently allied to C. labiata, yet- 
abundantly distinct, and we cannot do better than quote the 
description of its original describer. “ Pseudo-bulbs 8 inches to 
a foot high, slender at the base, but very much swollen in their 
upper portion, furrowed. Leaves one on each pseudo-bulb, oblong,, 
thick, and rather broad for the genus, from a span to a foot long. 
Peduncle two to six flowered, exceedingly stout, about G inches 
long, proceeding from a spathe somewhat shorter than itself.. 
Flowers very large and beautiful, nankeen-coloured with the- 
exception of the lip, their total expansion nearly 7 inches. Sepals- 
lanceolate, acute, sessile, smooth at the edges. Petals more than 
twice as broad as the sepals, about the same length as the lip, 
somewhat obtuse, very much waved at the margin. Lip oblong,, 
crisp, very large and prominent, of a substance resembling dark 
purple velvet, beautifully and uniformly streaked with golden-, 
threads radiating from its centre, where they meet three other golden, 
lines passing longitudinally. It is obscurely three-lobed, the lateral 
lobes being gathered round so as almost to conceal the column ; the 
central lobe emarginate, very large, with its edges exceedingly 
curled. Column not more than one-third the length of the lip.’ r 
It requires the warmest end of the house, producing its splendid, 
flowers during the end of summer and autumn. Costa Rica. 1864- 
CATTLEYA MAXIMA. 
An extremely beautiful Orchid, but we cannot think it has the 
slightest affinity with C. labiata. Pseudo-bulbs clavate, 12 to- 
18 inches high, furrowed ; leaves single, sometimes in pairs, ovate, 
oblong, obtuse, coriaceous, about 10 inches long and nearly 3 broad, 
bright green ; scape erect, five to ten flowered ; blooms large, about 
5 inches in diameter ; sepals linear oblong, acuminate, flat ; petals; 
broadly ovate, much broader than the sepals, with waved margins, 
the whole a rich rosy lilac ; lip large, obscurely three-lobed, the basal 
part convolute, enclosing the column, middle lobe emarginate, 
beautifully crisp at the margin ; disc smooth, ground colour white, 
the centre stained with a broad line of orange-yellow, the remaining 
portion rosy-lilac, traversed with radiating lines of rosy-crimson 
