NoveofberSS 1889.q 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
45a 
autumn will be of great benefit to the plants. This plant, besides 
being grown in the garden borders, is in general demand for 
forcing. For this purpose it is best to obtain imported clumps or 
crowns as soon as they arrive from the continent if flowers are 
desired for Christmas. 
Single crowns are preferable to clumps if early flowers are 
required. Of these from twelve to eighteen crowns may be placed 
in a 4 or 6-inch pot, using a compost of two parts turfy loam, one 
of leaf mould, and one of sand. The clumps may be managed in a 
similar manner. These should be well watered afterwards to settle 
the soil, and plunged in coal ashes or cocoa-nut fibre for a few 
weeks, introducing them afterwards into a temperature from 50° to 
60°, still excluding light from the crowns. Supposing they are 
wanted by Christmas they should be brought into the forcing 
house, where a close atmosphere and temperature from 70° to 75° 
is maintained. They should never be allowed to suffer through 
insufficient supplies of water, requiring most when they are coming 
into flower ; attention to this operation is very important. If 
desired for succession they should be introduced into heat every 
two or three weeks.— A. G. Frampton. 
Having business in several places just lately, I took the opportunity 
df paying a few interesting calls and taking a few notes, which you can 
publish or consign to the wastepaper basket. The first visit was paid 
to the well known and celebrated prizewinners amongst the Roses— 
viz., the Messrs. Harkness & Son. Their nursery is but a short distance 
from Leeming Lane Station on the branch of the North-Eastern Railway 
from Northal'erton to Hawes. There I found the two brothers busy in 
their office. Time being short, in response to my inquiry as to where 
they grew their Roses I was soon shown some healthy well grown dwarfs, 
several thousands, to which Mr. Harkness proudly points, and says, 
“ This is where we cut most of our blooms for the prize stands,” and fine 
healthy plants they were, clean and sturdy. The soil seems to be of a 
sandy loam, and evidently suits Roses although so far north. I under¬ 
stand that they grow them better on the Manetti and seedling Briar, 
finding it suits some varieties to be on one and some on the other. There 
are many other plants grown besides Roses, such as herbaceous Pyre- 
thrums and Violas, Polyanthuses, Carnations, &c. I have several other 
notes, but they must wait.—A. J. B. 
A COMING ROSE. 
Some seasons ago a young lady, Miss C. M., sowed just six Rose 
seeds, extracted from a hep that had attracted her notice. It was not a 
large sowing. Some of us have sown thousands of promising seed pods 
with very little result. Nothing, however, is like trying except suc¬ 
ceeding, and hers has been a decided success. The hep was taken off 
good old G^nfiral Jacqueminot, but what the other parent was is quite 
unknown. The result of that sowing is a plant which has come into the 
bands of a well known Surrey firm, and which is being largely propa¬ 
gated. It is hoped it will next year come into commerce. It is said to 
be not unlike that grand old favourite, which even now now and aga : n 
asserts itself in the boxes, only much improved. More substance the 
one thing the General wants, and even more fragrance, the thing which 
has been sadly failing us in the new Roses of late years. The same firm 
have one or two other Surrey seedlings they hope will be heard of. I 
venture at any rate to predict a bright future for Miss C. M. when she 
makes her debut. Let us hope the sullen Mole will appreciate his new 
neighbour, as Lord Byron says : 
“ The odorous purple of a new born Rose 
Which streams upon his stream, and glassed within it glows.” 
—A. C. 
THE CATERPILLAR PLAGUE. 
According to your courteously expressed request that I should place 
some communication in your hands on the very important subject of 
present prevention of winter moth laying their eggs on the fruit trees, I 
have pleasure in offering a few remarks. I fully believe that it is of 
the utmost importance to stop the ascent of the wingless moths by grease 
bands, or, at least, by sticky bands of some material which will hold 
the moths fast without hurting the bark of the tree. I have strongly 
advocated this in my annual reports—in my reports to the Royal Agri¬ 
cultural Society—and lately gave a special paper on the subject 
(headed Winter Moths—A Word in Season), in the number for 
October of The Farmer's Magazine. I quite agree with the importance 
of banding, and I believe we are all of one mind that unless the winter 
moths are stopped going up the trees there will be immense damage done! 
next growing season, and I also consider that none of the variqu’s 
methods of prevention suggested, that we know of at present, are so 
cheap, safe, and sure as grease-banding. But I certainly do think also 
that a little more attention should be given to the possibility of the out¬ 
side of young trees being so much injured by grease (or deleterious 
matter mixed with grease) soddening into the thick bark and underlying 
layers of young wood, that it may be fatal to the tree. A'l of us 
probably who have attended to the matter know all about this, but in 
some cases a word of warning is wanted. 
In the case of old trees with thick rugged bark, dead on the outside, 
probably even tar might be safely applied, for the layers of old bark 
lying between the tar and the wood immediately underlying the live 
inside bark would protect it almost as securely as would a layer of cork. 
I would give a word of warning in such cases not to smooth down the 
outside bark, as a correspondent recently told me he was doing, or results 
may be very bad indeed. If the tar or grease is of a nature that can 
readily pass into the tree, it is obvious that the minute cells of the wood 
and bark will be so altered that they will not be able to convey the sap, 
and the effect will be a dead band, or a band so injured as to be almost 
equivalent in bad effects to ringing. 
I know only too well of this happening, and tl e ‘efore I would strongly 
advise all growers to make sure that the grease is not mixed with tar, or 
residue of petroleum distilling, or too much caustic soda, or any other 
matter likely to burn or choke tender tissues. Failing the power to do 
this, the spending a little time in finding whose neighbours’ trees 
suffered, and whose did not, from grease banding would be of use. I 
would also strongly draw the attention of those who have many quite 
young trees, to the method of banding now in use at the Toddington 
fruit grounds. This is to pass a band of the thin grease-proof paper 
round the stem ; secure the overlapping edges by a strip of paste, and 
then lay the grease on in the manner advised by one of your correspon¬ 
dents, not with a brush, but with aflat piece of wood. If the pa-te 
does not stick at once, a twist of string round the paper, or of bass mat, 
and just tying the ends, secures it firmly. The paper prevents any 
grease, except what may run down, lying directly on the tree, and I am 
informed by Captain Corbett and Mr. C. Wise, with both of whom I had 
long interviews, that they consider this the best method of application. 
With regard to birds, 1 should certainly think it was of great im¬ 
portance not to lessen the numbers of the more especially insect-eating 
kinds, such as various kinds of titmice, the nuthatches, and tree-creeper, 
in fact, most kinds, excepting the house sparrow, which does mischief by 
driving useful birds away. I do not myself feel so sure as some writers 
that the bullfinch is so very injurious, and would much like that, 
before condemning him, a careful post-mortem of contents of stomachs 
of a few specimens should be made, to see whether the abstracted buds 
had or had not a maggot within them. 
I fear I have already written at too great length, and, therefore, do 
not now add anything regarding either measures of remedy when the 
caterpillars are present in summer, or regarding the winged moths now 
depositing eggs. But I should very much like to lay before \ our skilled 
correspondents a point which may be worth inquiry. In all the 
caterpillar troubles which have now been a very serious matter for soma 
years, though I have had a great deal of communication from most of 
our fruit-growing counties, I have not had any that I can recall from 
Devonshire or Somersetshire. 
I think that if attack had been bad it would have been reported to 
me ; but if attack was not serious, what is the reason ? 
Is there a general difference in ths method of treatment ? Is it more 
general to have grass, as in some of the S.W. Gloucestershire orchards 
near homesteads—where presence of sheep, pigs, and poultry in their 
different ways lessen presence of coming attack beneath the trees? Or 
do the vast masses of Mistletoe and great beards of lichen, which, when 
I knew common Devon orchards, were considered apparently not 
to be objectionable, shelter insect parasites, and attract small birds’ 
presence l - Eleanor A. Ormerod (in Worcester Herald'). 
SOME BRISTOL GARDENS. 
Around Bristol there are many gardens of interest to the general 
observer, but in order to pay a visit to a number, or even a few of the 
most interesting, more time is required than many can afford to give 
up for such undertakings. Being on a brief visit to the “ metropolis 
of the west,” I was tempted to extend my journey outward that I 
might see what I could in the way of gardening pursuits likely t> 
prove interesting and instructive, and in which I was not altogether 
disappointed. Being an Orchid and Chrysanthemum enthusiast, I 
wended my way to Springfield, the residence of F. W. Savage, Esq , 
Westbury-on-Trym, in which Chrysanthemums are very well grown 
on the large bloom principle. Between 100 and 200 are so treated, 
mostly Japanese and incurved. Among the former I noticed some 
capital blooms of Madame C. Audiguier, Jeanne Delaux, E. Molyneux, 
Comte de Germiny, Moonlight, Gorgeous, Baronne de Frailly, Carew 
Underwood, Mdlle. Lacroix, and Mr. Cannell, among many others, 
old and new. Some of the best of the incurved included Empress 
of India, Lord Wolseley, John Salter, Mr. Bunn, Jardin des Plantes, 
Lord Alcester, Emily Dale, Queen of England, Jeanne d'Arc, and 
Alfred Salter. The plants are arranged in a vinery so that each and 
every one comes well under notice, and this is greatly simplified in 
the dwarf character of growth. Some of the plants do not reach a 
height of more than 3 feet, although unstopped, while others range from 
4 to 7 feet high. 
