December 12, 1889. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
507 
whethei it is best to have the house hermetically closed when filled, 
or to have several grated air holes the size of a brick near the top, 
and not fill the passages with straw between the outer and the inner 
doors. 
Independently of all these matters, it is well known that some 
houses are noted for keeping ice much better than others, Dot 
always on account of situation or exposure, but from causes which 
it may be difficult to determine. In some instances it might be a 
very simple matter if one could only find out what. I give an 
instance that came immediately under my own observation. A 
certain house had never been known to keep ice longer than about 
the end of July, and one man could give the experiences of half a 
century. Latterly it had fallen into disuse, when the estate 
changed hands, and it had to be tried again. On examining the 
drain it was found there was no trap. One was put in, and the ice 
kept as well as could be wished. A simple matter enough, but yet 
no one had thought of it during all those years.—H. 0. W. 
EUPATORIUMS. 
Mr. Muir does well in calling attention to these useful decora¬ 
tive plants, and it is indeed a matter of surprise that they are not 
more frequently referred to in advertisement and other pages. 
Mr. Muir says they can be had in bloom from October until 
January, but the three sorts we grow continue in succession two 
months later than that date, but perhaps reference is directed more 
particularly to the shrubby Eupatorium Weinemannianum. It is 
strange, too, that such doubts exist as to the correct names of these 
Eupatoriums. In not one of the several gardens in which I have 
served were their varietal or specific titles known with certainty, 
nor have I been able to strengthen my knowledge by inquiry of 
many visitors from time to time. The autumn flowering variety is 
succeeded by the dwarf branching one, the sprays of which are not 
so pure in colour, nor do they produce such large spreading heads ; 
still it is useful in providing material for the conservatory and for 
cutting in good succession, which at a dull period is of great value. 
It never grows tall unier any conditions, but forms a flat spreading 
bush completely hiding the pot, and makes a splendid plant for 
standing in vases indoors on that account. 
The last of the trio makes a tall upright growth, and have 
furnished us with its large pure white sprays for Easter decorations 
at a time when that festive season has been early in the year. The 
stems of this latter sort are glutinous, which recalls to my mind an 
exaggerated statement once made to me by a lady, to the effect that 
each time flowers were cut from this plant the use of a fresh pair 
of gloves was necessary. Whether this was true or not, periodical 
visits were paid so long as the supply lasted for church and house 
adornment, and their pure white heads command attention either 
on the plant or in a cut state. If I have made my case sufficiently 
clear, perhaps some reader may be able to give the proper names 
of these deservedly popular plants, and I am sure the informa¬ 
tion, if forthcoming, would be acceptable to many admirmg readers 
of the esteemed Journal, in disposing of the confusion that has 
long since existed with regard thereto. 
The two last-mentioned sorts are softwooded and of quick 
growth. Cuttings struck in spring make plants large enough for 
any purpose when planted out in open garden during summer ; but 
tbe earlier blooming autumn varieties may be retained for two or 
three seasons or more with advantage for furnishing large con¬ 
servatories, as the growth thus made is harder and less rapid in its 
progress and maturity. Plants retained in large pots form short 
stubby growths, and provide a complete mass of bloom ; but some 
cuttings should be struck annually, as these give the largest heads 
of looser character, and are valuable for room furnishing.—W. S. 
VEGETABLE GARDENING IN SCOTLAND. 
Cultivators in northern parts will be ready to endorse much of 
what Mr. Pettigrew said in his opportune remarks at the Horticultural 
Association’s meeting held in Cardiff. However, we do not think it is 
necessary that there should be less vacant ground in Scotch gardens 
during the autumn or winter months, or any other period during the 
year, than in any English gardens, though a few things do much better 
and come into use quicker in the south than the north. We think that 
in any garden it is thoroughly discreditable to have much vacant land lying 
uncropped at this season of the year. We have not a yard to dig up at 
present, except a portion from which late Potatoes have recently been 
removed, and that could easily have been filled by transplanting Cab¬ 
bage, thinnings of Spinach or Lettuce therein ; but the space, beiDg 
wanted for another purpose than vegetable growing, is now empty. 
Under these times of high pressure few gardens in any part of the 
kingdom can be manipulated only to supply one crop during the year. 
What Mr. Pettigrew asserts regarding calendars and instructions for 
southern cultivation only is absolutely true, and while we have half a 
dozen horticultural serials weekly as reading material, there is not, as 
far as we can see, any help in calendars for the helpless Scotch for 
planting, sowing, or other kitchen garden management. We have never 
experienced such severe frost or hot sun in Scotland as in southern 
English counties, but think vegetable management easier in the north 
than in England. We cannot say much about climatic influences in 
the north of England, but have had fair opportunities of noticing for the 
best part of a quarter of a century what can be done in east, west, and 
south of England. Beginning as a boy in London market establish¬ 
ments, we had to witness varied methods of turning means to best 
account. Practice in the north should not be exceptional. —M. Temple, 
Stirlingshire. 
At a general meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, 
held on Tuesday last, in the Drill Hall, London Scottish R.V., James’s 
Street, S.W., T. B. Haywood, Esq., in the chair, the following candi¬ 
dates were duly elected Fellows—viz, C. F. Barker, Mrs. Bovill, Mrs. 
Bernard E. Brodhurst, Edmund T. Chamberlain, Norman Cookson, 
Thomas A. Cotton, Walter James Green, Charles Holden, A. Wells In¬ 
gram, Mrs. Kemp-Welsb, James Lake, R. Veitch Mather, Commissary 
General Hy. Moore, John Brandram Morgan, George Newman, Frank 
Rich, Ronald A. Scott, David Storrie, S. Stubbs, and Robert Willan. 
- Events of the Week. —Preparations for Christmas are now 
occupying the attention of many persons, and the markets begin to 
afford evidence of a busy period. There is scarcely anything to record 
in the shape of business meetings, but one even will no doubt attract 
many horticulturists to London on the 19th inst. That is the annual 
dinner of the National Chrysanthemum Society, when Lord Brooke 
will preside, and such an excellent programme has been prepared 
that a large attendance may be expected. 
- The Weather in the South of England has been variable 
during the past week. Frost continued until Saturday, when there was 
a moderately heavy fall of snow, which, however, rapidly melted on the 
following day. Early in this week the temperature became much 
higher, but with clear weather frosts returned, and it was somewhat 
sharp on Wednesday morning. 
- It is announced that a series of Horticultural Exhibi¬ 
tions will be held at the Royal Aquarium, Westminster, during 1890, 
as follows :—January : Midwinter Exhibition of the National Chrys¬ 
anthemum Society. March : First Spring Exhibition. April: Second 
Spring Exhibition. May : Early Summer Exhibition. June : Grand 
Rose Show and Fete. July : Grand Summer Exhibition. September : 
Early Autumn Show of the National Chrysanthemum Society. October : 
Great Autumn Exhibition. November : The Centenary Festival of the 
National Chrysanthemum Society. Suggestions as to dates, suitable 
classes, schedules (which are now in course of preparation) are specially 
invited, will receive careful consideration, and be adopted as far as 
possible. For all information, apply to William Holmes, Superintendent 
Frampton Park Nurseries, Hackney, London. 
_ The National Chrysanthemum Society's Annual 
Dinner will be held at Anderton’s Hotel, Fleet Street, on Thursday 
evening, December 19th, when the President of the Society, Lord 
Brooke, M.P., has promised to preside. The following are also expected 
to be present :—Sir Guyer Hunter, K.C.M.G., M.P.; Sir Edwin 
Saunders ; Shirley Hibberd, Esq. ; Walter Johnson, Esq., L.C.C. 
John Lowles, Esq., L.C.C.; Edwin Sanderson, Esq.; C. E. Shea, 
Esq. ; H. Veitch, Esq.; Rev. W. Wilks ; J. L. Wood, Esq., &c. The 
Society’s trophy, medals, and prizes awarded at the recent Exhibition 
at Westminster will be presented on the occasion. The musical arrange¬ 
ments are under the direction of Dr. J. F. Haskins, which is a sufficient 
guarantee for an excellent programme. Mr. Holmes requests that those 
intending to be present will let him know how many tickets they will 
require by Monday, December lGth. Dinner will be served at six 
o’clock precisely ; the tickets will be the usual price. 
- Chiswick Gardeners’ Association.— A well attended meet¬ 
ing of this body was held in the Council-room at the Royal Horticul¬ 
tural Society’s Gardens on Friday evening last, when Mr. J. Barry 
read an interesting paper on “ School Gardens,” advocating where pos- 
